Presentation by-Deepak Rawal

Assistant ProfessorMohanlal Sukhadia University

Udaipur India

•FISH CLASSIFICATION

Superclass- PiscesGeneral characters

• Paired pectoral and pelvic fins

• Respiration by gills

• Heart 2 chambered

• Poikilothermic

• Lateral line system

• Cranial nerves 10 pairs

• Study of fishe- Ichthyology

• Body covered with scales mostly

Class- placodermii

• Bony armour/plate skinned

• Jaws

• Extinct class

• Two order

• 1 Arthrodiriformes

• 2 Antiarchiformes

Order- Arthrodiriformes

• Armour of head and trunk with movable joint

• marine• Example -

Dinichtyes

Order- Antiarchiformes

• Pectoral fins long• Fresh-water• Example-

pterychtyes

class-Chondrichtyes

• Also called elasmobranchi• Operculum=gill cover absent• Cartilagenous endoskeleton• Heterocercal tail • Pelvic fins with clasper in male• Skin with placoid scales• Mouth on ventral side• Cones absent• Ampullae of lorenzini present• Cloaca present

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Class-Chondrichtyes

Subclass-selachi Subclass-holocephli

Order-squaliformes Order-rajiformes

Order-Squaliformes

• Also called pleurotremata

• Gill-slits lateral 5-7 pairs

• Spiracle small• Example-

scoliodon(dogfish)

Order-Rajiformes

• Also called hypotremata

• Body dorso ventrally flattened

• 5 pair of gill slits ventral

• Large pectoral fin• Spiracle large• Example- trygon(sting

ray)

Subclass-Holocephali

• No spiracle• Single gill opening on

either side covered by fleshy operculum

• Isocercal tail• Single nasal opening• Example-

chimaera(hydrolagus)

Class-Osteichtyes

• Bony endoskeleton• Gills not more than 4 pairs• operculum=gill cover present• Homocercal or diphycercal or prptocercal tail• Terminal mouth• Cloaca absent• Swim bladder present• Cycloid or ctenoid or ganoid scale• Cones present

.Class-osteichtyes

Subclass-sarcopterygii Subclass-actinopterygii

Superorder-chondostei Superorder-holostei Superorder-teleostei

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Subclass-sarcopterygii

Order-crossopterygii order-dipnoi

Order-Crossopterygii

• Caudal fin 3 lobed• Living fossil• Lobe-finned fishes• Example- latimeria

Order-Dipnoi

• Also called lung fishes

• protocercal tail

• Air bladder lung like

• Breath on land by air bladder which acts as lungs

• Example- protopterus(african lung fish)

Protopterus

Superorder-chondrostei

Order-polypteriformes Order-acipenseriformes

Order-polypteriformes

• Rhomboid ganoid scales

• Dorsal fin of 8 or more finlets

• Example- polypterus(bichir)

Order-Acipenseriformes

• Scaleless• Barbels on ventral

side below mouth• example-

acipenser(sturgeon)

Superorder-holostei

Order-amiiformes Order-semionotiformes

Order-Amiiformes

• Snout rounded• Long dorsal fin• Cycloid scale• Example-

amia(bowfin)

Order-semionotiformes

• Snout and body elongated

• Ganoid scale• Example-

lepidosteus(gar pike)

Superorder-Teleostei• Mnemonics- SSSSCCBOMPPATEL• 1 scopeliformes• 2 syngnathiformes• 3 Symbranchiformes• 4 scorpaeniformes• 5 clupeiformes• 6 cypriniformes• 7 beloniformes• 8 ophiocephaliformes• 9 mastacembeliformes• 10 pleuronectiformes• 11 perciformes• 12 anguilliformes• 13 tetraodontiformes• 14 echeneiformes• 15 lophiformes

Order-Scopeliformes

• Habitat- deep sea• Phosphorescent

organ• Dorsal and anal fin

without spines• Example-

harpodon(bombay duck)

Order-Syngnathiformes

• Male have brood pouch for development of young

• Example- hippocampus(sea horse)

Order-Symbranchiformes

• Body snake like• Pectoral and pelvic

fins are absent• Gill-slits join to form a

ventral slit• Example-

symbranchus

Order-Scorpaeniformes

• Projecting spines from gill cover

• Examples- pterois(scorpion fish)

Order-Clupeiformes

• Pelvic fins abdominal• Weberian ossicles

absent• Example-

salmo(atlantic salmon)

Order-Cypriniformes

• Carps and catfishes• Barbels in cat fishes• Air bladder well

developed• Air bladder with duct

to pharynx• Example- labeo

Order-Beloniformes

• Pectoral fins are large and high on body

• Example- exocoetus(flying fish)

Order-Ophiocephaliformes

• Long dorsal and ventral fin

• Accessory respiratory organ (air sac) present

• Example- ophiocephalus(snake head)

Order-Mastacembeliformes

• Body eel like• Continuos dorsal

caudal and anal fins• Example-

mastacembelus

Order-Pleuronectiformes

• Flat fishes• Bottom dwellers• Both eyes present on

one side• Example-

pleuronectes

Order-Perciformes

• two dorsal fin• Fin spines present• Accessory respiratory

organ(labyrinthine organ) present

• Example- anabas(climbing perch)

Order-Anguiliiformes

• Body snake like• Pelvic fins absent• Continuos dorsal

caudal and anal fin• Example-

anguilla(eel)

Order-Tetraodontiformes

• Inflate with swallowing water

• Neurotoxin tetrodotoxin in internal body parts and skin

• Example- tetraodon(globe fish/puffer fish)

Order-Echeneiformes

• First dorsal fin form sucker on head

• Show commensalism with host

• Example- Echeneis/remora(sucker fish)

Order-Lophiiformes

• First of few dorsal spines with bulb like tip to lure prey

• Example- lophius(angler fish/devil fish)