Fluid Inclusion Technologies

Fluid Inclusion Technologies2217 N. Yellowood Ave. • Broken Arrow, OK 74012 USA

918-461-8984 • www.fi ttulsa.comfi t@fi ttulsa.com

Regional StudiesExclusive & Multi-client Regional Geochemical EvaluationsFluid Inclusion Technologies (FIT) conducts con fi den tial as well as non-exclusive regional studies; generally involving 10 - 50 wells within a limited geographic area, to help better understand key variables that impact production from these reservoirs. By integrating unique fl uid inclusion analytical tech-niques, classical organic and inorganic geochemical methods, and high resolution sample imaging, we will assess key variables that impact production from these reservoirs, and thereby provide critical information for future exploration and well planning.

Expected Results • Past and present distribution of petroleum • Petroleum type and quality • Inorganic gas (S, CO2, He) distribution • Identifi cation of production sweet spots, both vertical and horizontal • Evaluation of source rock maturity and characteristics • Chemostratigraphy, mineral variability, depositional environments, and brittleness • API gravity, salinity, maturity, and paleo-temperature data • Compartmentalization

How will these studies contribute to understanding of your exploration efforts…both unconventional and conventional?

Fluid Inclusion Analysis

General, less specifi c

Fluid Inclusion Stratigraphy Fluid Inclusion Petrography Fluid Inclusion Microthermometry API Gravity Determination GC/GCMS Biomarker Analysis Compound Specifi c Stable Isotope Analysis (CSIA)

Detailed, more specifi c

Fluid Inclusion Stratigraphy (FIS)FIS is a unique, rapid analytical technique that involves the automated analysis of volatile compounds trapped within fl uid inclusions in well cuttings, core or outcrop samples. Fluid inclusions are micron-scale, sealed fl uid-fi lled cavities in diagenetic cements and healed microfractures that record hydrocarbon migration as well as local generation. FIS analysis produces depth profi les throughout the sampled interval of C1 – C13 petroleum species and inorganic volatiles (e.g., CO2, H2S, He), and can identify present and past hydrocarbon distribution and chemistry, seals, and proximity to charged reservoirs.

Fluid Inclusion Petrography, Microthermometry, and API Gravity Determination

The unique FIS technique can provide the following information: • Evaluate source rock maturity using standard gas

ratios, empirical FIS chemical relationships and chemometrics

• Correlate gas chemistry with TOC for mature, organic rich source rock

• Predict produced gas chemistry in shales from un-preserved cuttings

• Identify sweet spots (vertical and regional) in unconventional reservoirs

• Defi ne compartments• Distinguish between migrated and locally generated

fl uid components

Selected zones within the analyzed wells that show elevated FIS hydrocarbon responses will be evaluated for aqueous and petroleum inclusion populations via thin section under plane and UV light. Optical examination reveals fl uid inclusion types, distribution, abundance, and origin, as well as estimated API gravity, organic matter type and abundance, and host lithology. Microthermometric data, collected from individual aqueous and petro-leum fl uid inclusions, can help calculate thermal maturity, time hydrocarbon charge events, provide quantitative API gravities and information on the saturation state of the hydrocarbon fl uids, and determine salinities for petrophysical calculations of water saturation.

High Resolution Photography (RockEye)RockEye provides a catalogue of high resolution digital images in white light and under UV excitation of every sample. Grain-scale details of rock types and textures, porosity distribution, etc., can be identifi ed and correlated with other datasets (FIS, petrography, and XRF) to provide a more integrated understanding of what is controlling hydrocarbon and porosity distribution in the system. Additionally, digital images provide a convenient, easy to manage archive of analyzed samples without having to rely on descriptions or lower quality images from historical well site logs.

X-ray Fluorescence (PDQ-XRF) Elemental Data XRF analysis will be performed on all samples to evaluate major, minor and trace elements. Interpretation of XRF data will provide a chemo stratigraphic framework, information on miner al distribution, depositional environment, potential provenance and rock properties (e.g. brittleness). Relationships among XRF-determined major ele ments and common rock forming min erals, as well as TOC, have poten tial to estimate reser voir character and rec-og nize de po sitional inputs through out the study area.

Where to Send Support Information:Fluid Inclusion Technologies2217 N. Yellowood Ave.Broken Arrow, OK 74012 USA

Deliverables:The project deliverables will consist of the following items:• PetroFecta reports (combined PDQ-XRF, FIS, and RockEye data collected from

all samples for individual wells). Data provided on a DVD with previewer software.

• Raw data and images in digital format.• Individual well reports with FIS, petrography and microthermometry results

(hard copy available for additional charge).• A regional integration report and summary of the data generated in the

context of other available geological information for the study area• ArcGIS based presentation of study area, well reports, maps, and cross

sections

Sample RequirementsCuttings, core and/or outcrop2-5 gms washed / 10-15 gms unwashedSpacing: 10-30 ft (3-10 m) for cuttings; 1 ft (0.5 m) for core.

Where to Send Samples:Fluid Inclusion TechnologiesAttn: FIS Analysis2217 N. Yellowood Ave.Broken Arrow, OK 74012 USA

Suggested Supporting Information:FIT service request formLogsGeochemistry

“Wish List” Requested from Participating Companies

• Wells or areas of interest to be included in study • Core, cuttings, well logs, formation tops, geochemical data,

production or other data associated with study wells • Regional structural framework

Additional AnalysisThe study may be expanded based on participating companies’ interest and initial results. These additional analyses may include:

• GC/GCMS and CSIA of extracted inclusion fl uids • Biomarker (GC/GCMS) and isotopic (CSIA) evaluation of ex-

tracted liquids and gases from fl uid inclusions can be integrated with FIS data to further delineate petroleum source, maturity processes, degree of alteration, and reservoir compartmentalization.

• Standard petrography on select thin sections • Source rock kinetics • Organic geochemical measurements of TOC and Rock-Eval parameters will be collected and integrated with

fl uid inclusion analyses. Potential exists to supplement Rock-Eval pyrolysis analyses with FIS results. FIS analysis is not susceptible to the loss of lighter end hydrocarbons (C1-C5) in older rock samples that may affect Rock-Eval data (e.g. degradation of the S1 peak). Thermal maturity derived from Tmax will be compared to FIS data and microthermometric results.

*F.I.T.’s current library consist of over 40 studies including: Oklahoma SCOOP & STACK; Deep Water Gulf of Mexico, East Coast Canada; Barents Sea; Norwegian Sea; UK North Sea (WOSI); Irish Sea; Offshore and Onshore Libya; East Java Sea; Otway Basin, Australia; Ghana; Orange Basin, South Africa; Egypt; North Falkland; Offshore Uruguay, Myanmar, Onshore Canning Basin, UK Bowland Shale, and more……* study content many vary