five freedoms
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First Amendment. Five Freedoms. Amendment I. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
FIVE FREEDOMS
First Amendment
Amendment ICongress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
Is the US religious?
YES NO
Free exercise % that attend/believe Documents Society Policy Reference
Establishment Official religion Favoritism Separation
Jefferson Danbury Baptist Church Fear of Government
Control
Constitution and Religion
Article VI Amendment I
The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the Members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial Officers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Constitution; but no religious Test shall ever be required as a Qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United States.
Congress shall make no law 1. respecting an establishment of religion, or
2. prohibiting the free exercise thereof
Lemon Test1. There must be a clear non-religious
purpose2. The action must neither advance nor
inhibit religion3. Government must avoid excessive
entanglements with religion
Free Speech
YES NO
Protected right Important to
independence Core value of the
Revolution Successful Democracy
Dangers Tyranny School Unity
Historical Limits 1. A clear and present danger2. Bad tendency doctrine3. Preferred position doctrine
Harsh WordsFighting Words – some words are so
inflammatory that provoke violence
Defamatory – to destroy a person’s character
Slander – spokenLibel – written
O’Brien TestExpressive Conduct…1. Falls within Constitutional powers2. Is narrowly drawn – not related to free
speech3. Leaves open alternative communication
Government and the Press
YES NO
National security risk Fairness to all citizens Practical considerations Purity
Less restrictive than speech
Essential in a Republic Manipulated Information
Balance Prior restraint – government officials
censor printed materials Full disclosure – naming the sources of
information used in an article Executive privilege – necessity of the
President to speak candidly with staff Gag order – court order to withhold
printing in order to insure a fair trial
Restricted Media Newspapers Books Movies Music TV Radio Internet Magazines Billboards
Billboards Newspapers/Magazines TV/Radio Movies/Music Books Internet
Peaceful Assembly
YES NO
Boston Tea Party Civil Rights Suffrage Unions Political Party
Bonus Army Japanese Internment KKK Freedom Rides KSU
Amendment XIVAll persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
Supreme Court
Assembly is as important for protecting the liberty of the citizenry as speech and press are in our democratic society.
Petition
YES NO
Redress of grievances Declaration of
Independence Ballot Bill
Mass signatures Majority rule Vote Cost
Redressv. 1. To set right, remedy or rectify.
2. To make amends for. n. 1. Satisfaction for wrong done; reparation.
2. Correction.
Nationalization Extend the Bill of Rights protections
through the Supremacy Clause
Make the Bill of Rights apply to all citizens uniformly, in all states
Incorporation
State and Local Government State Constitutions
Create the structureEstablish local governmentRegulate the moneyCommission agencies and boardsLong and specificEasily amended
Branches Legislative
Districts by Constitutional provisionUnequal representation
ExecutiveGovernorLine-item veto on all legislationCommander-in-Chief of National GuardElected cabinet
JudicialElected by citizensMarriage, traffic, probate
Regulatory Powers Business – charter, license, consumer
protections, labor safety, attract industry Environment – services, green spaces,
pollution Property – criminal codes, incorporation,
sentencing, appeals Health – public schools, vaccinations,
medical, welfare, assistance
Local Districts County
Large territory and political power Township
Large territory, little political power Municipality
Population density, home rule Special district
Exists to deal with a specific function
Municipal Government Mayor-Council
Separation of powers/checks and balances Commission
No executive, divided duties City Manager
Legislative exercises authorityManager carries out policies
Local Services Schools Police and Fire Water and Sewer Recreation Culture Zoning Solve Problems
Challenges Unemployment Housing Upkeep Crime Blight Resources