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Australian Music Series MDA041 Five Quadrilles and Two Waltzes For piano Sydney, 1833 William Joseph Cavendish Kilkenny, 1789 – Sydney, 1839 Edited by Richard Divall Music Archive Monash University Melbourne

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Page 1: Five Quadrilles and Two Waltzes William Joseph Cavendish€¦ · written by the composer to presumably his father Mr Castell, 19 Stargate Street, Westminster Bridge, London, and dated

Australian Music Series – MDA041

Five Quadrilles and Two Waltzes

For piano Sydney, 1833

William Joseph Cavendish Kilkenny, 1789 – Sydney, 1839

Edited by

Richard Divall

Music Archive Monash University Melbourne

Page 2: Five Quadrilles and Two Waltzes William Joseph Cavendish€¦ · written by the composer to presumably his father Mr Castell, 19 Stargate Street, Westminster Bridge, London, and dated

!2!

Information about the MUSIC ARCHIVE series Australian Music

And other available works in the free digital series is available at http://artsonline.monash.edu.au/music-archive

This edition may be used free of charge for private performance and study. It may be freely transmitted and copied in electronic or printed form. All rights are reserved for performance, recording, broadcast and publication in any audio format. © 2014 Richard Divall Published by MUSIC ARCHIVE OF MONASH UNIVERSITY Sir Zelman Cowen School of Music Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia ISBN 978-0-9925674-0-8 ISMN 979-0-9009656-0-8 The edition has been produced with generous assistance from Monash University The Marshall-Hall Trust

Page 3: Five Quadrilles and Two Waltzes William Joseph Cavendish€¦ · written by the composer to presumably his father Mr Castell, 19 Stargate Street, Westminster Bridge, London, and dated

! 3!

Introduction

William Joseph Cavendish was born in Kilkenny, Ireland in May 1789 and baptised on 27 May of the same year. Cavendish was born with the German surname of Castell although his father was Peter Castelli. William had a career in London as a violinist, violist, double bass player, organist and pianist. In common with many contemporary musicians Castell was forced to flee to France in 1826 because of unpaid debts.1 He later migrated to Mauritius where he adopted the pseudo-aristocratic surname of Cavendish de Castell.2 The composer arrived in Sydney on the ship Sovereign on 20 January 1833. He may have been accompanied by his ‘sister’ Mary, with whom he lived. The name may be a pseudonym, for as Graeme Skinner in his excellent study of early Australian composers suggests, she was in fact his mistress.3 According to Skinner and to Ann Beedell, Cavendish was respected in the short time that he was in Sydney as a competent musician, and he was either the founder, or one of the founders of the Cecilian Society, a learned group of amateur musicians who performed music in the Catholic Church Hall near St Mary’s Cathedral. On 26 January 1839 both William and Mary Cavendish were drowned on Sydney Harbour during the annual regatta commemorating the Foundation of Sydney.

Sydney Cove – 1844. Painting by Frederick Garling 1806-1873

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1 The publisher Louis Lavenu was one of these, and one of the members of the family came to Sydney after Cavendish’s death in 1839. 2 Ann V. Beedell, The decline of the English musician 1788-1888: a family of English musicians in Ireland, England, Mauritius, and Australia (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992): http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/32962032 3 Entry on William Joseph Cavendish found on Graeme Skinner, “A biographical register of colonial Australian musicians: C-D”, Austral Harmony (a resource for music and musicians in colonial Australia), @ www.graemeskinner.id.au; accessed July 2014

Page 4: Five Quadrilles and Two Waltzes William Joseph Cavendish€¦ · written by the composer to presumably his father Mr Castell, 19 Stargate Street, Westminster Bridge, London, and dated

!4!

Newspaper engraving of the Sydney Australia Day Regatta

In June after Cavenish’s death the Cecilian Society had their meeting where his portrait was hung in a place of honour. Sometime later the Society dissolved due to acrimonious disputes concerning whether professional musicians would be allowed to participate in the musical activities of that Society. Its role was later taken up by other groups under the leadership of the violinists John Philip Deane (1796-1849), William Vincent Wallace and Joseph Gautrot who had arrived from Batavia in 1839.

The first Australian born composer is Thomas Stubbs, who was born in Sydney in 1802 and died in 1879.4 However, Cavendish is the first composer resident in Australia whose music has survived. The Five Quadrilles and Two Waltzes survive in a letter written by the composer to presumably his father Mr Castell, 19 Stargate Street, Westminster Bridge, London, and dated Parramatta, Notasia, (meaning Australia),20 July1833 and sent via the ship “Edward Lombe”.5 The dances are entitled Australian, Notasian, Arabian, or Mal[a]gareske quadrilles. Two of the quadrilles have New South Wales titles: Woo-loo-moo-loo and Kurry Jong. Cavendish asks his recipient to publish the pieces, but ‘one at a time’. In the letter he mentions that the Sydney agent for the Ellard music publishers of Dublin would be interested in selling the works when they are engraved. Cavendish describes the music as The Fairy Quadrilles as danced on a Sunbeam by the Elves of the Ocean in the Halls of Beauty at the Coral Palace of the Queen of the Sea. Composed by the Peri of the Purple Wing. The letter containing the manuscript of the music was recently donated to the State Library of New South Wales.6

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!4 Stubbs was also Australia’s first returned serviceman, having served from the age of ten in the British East India Company forces as a fifer. Diana Drake, “Thomas Stubbs: Australia’s first returned soldier, native born composer & well known auctioneer”, Descent 31/4 (December 2001), 180-188. His daughter was the well-known composer and pianist Maud Fitz-Stubbs. 5 The Edward Lombe was wrecked in Sydney Harbour, near Watsons Bay on 25 August 1834.!6!Castell!Family!Papers!178631993.!(MLMSS!7989).!Sadly!the!manuscript!has!been!somewhat!damaged!with!adhesive!tape.!

Page 5: Five Quadrilles and Two Waltzes William Joseph Cavendish€¦ · written by the composer to presumably his father Mr Castell, 19 Stargate Street, Westminster Bridge, London, and dated

! 5!

First page of the music text written in the letter.

Courtesy of the State Library of NSW

The cover and address sheet of the Cavendish Letter of 20 July 1833 Courtesy of the State Library of NSW

Page 6: Five Quadrilles and Two Waltzes William Joseph Cavendish€¦ · written by the composer to presumably his father Mr Castell, 19 Stargate Street, Westminster Bridge, London, and dated

!6!

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I would like to acknowledge the support of Monash University and assistance from the Marshall-Hall Trust and my fellow Trustees, Sir James Gobbo AC, Lady Primrose Potter AC, Professor John Poynter AO OBE and Associate Professor Thérèse Radic. I express my deep appreciation to Allan and Maria Myers AO, to the Rector and Provost of Newman College, The University of Melbourne. And especially to Professor Ed Byrne AC, the President and Vice-Chancellor of Monash University, to Professor John Griffiths and the Head of the Sir Zelman Cowen School of Music, Associate Professor Rob Burke for their support and assistance of this project. I greatly appreciate the assistance and permission of the State Library of New South Wales and of our Editorial Coordinator Mitchell Mollison.

Richard Divall July 2014 CRITICAL NOTES

There are no editorial notes.

The Editor Frà Professor Richard Divall AO OBE is a Vice-Chancellor’s Professorial Fellow at Monash University, an Honorary Principal Fellow in Music at The University of Melbourne, and Visiting Professor at The University of Malta. He is Chairman of the Marshall-Hall Trust and is a Knight of Malta in Solemn Religious Profession. He was awarded a D.Lett. (Hon Causa) in 1992 by Monash University, and a Doc. Univ. (Hon Causa) by the Australian Catholic University in 2004. He holds a PhD in Theology from the University of Divinity on eighteenth-century sacred music on Malta that includes an edition of the complete sacred works of Nicolò Isouard (1773-1818), and is an Honorary Research Fellow at the same university. In 2014 he was appointed a Visiting Professor of Music at King’s College London. Richard Divall has edited early Australian music since 1967.

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Page 8: Five Quadrilles and Two Waltzes William Joseph Cavendish€¦ · written by the composer to presumably his father Mr Castell, 19 Stargate Street, Westminster Bridge, London, and dated

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Page 11: Five Quadrilles and Two Waltzes William Joseph Cavendish€¦ · written by the composer to presumably his father Mr Castell, 19 Stargate Street, Westminster Bridge, London, and dated

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