SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2006

PHYSICSPAPER 2

Section AAnswer all questions

1.Diagram 1.1 shows an electric circuit.

(a) (i) Name instrument Q.

(ii) What is the function of R in the circuit?

Voltmeter

To control / change current

(i) Which ammeter is more sensitive?

(b) Diagram 1.2 shows two types of ammeters, X and Y, that can be used in the circuit in Diagram 1.1

(ii) State one reason for your answer in 1(b)(i).

Able to detect the smaller current // Able to detect smaller change of current

Ammeter Y.

2. Diagram 2 shows a mercury thermometer which has not been calibrated.

(a) (i) State the physical change in the mercury when the temperature increases.

(ii) When the thermometer is placed in hot oil, the length of mercury column is 16.9 cm.

Calculate the temperature of the hot oil.

(b) The length of the mercury column in the thermometer is 2.6 cm at 0 ºC and 22.6 cm at 100 ºC.

(i) What is the difference in the lengths of the mercury columns at 0 ºC and at 100 ºC?

(ii) Why is mercury used in the thermometer?

Expansion of mercury // Increase in volume.

Opaque / Conduct heat / Uniform expansion / high cohesive force / Does not stick to glass.

20 // 20 cm.

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3. Diagram 3 shows two loudspeakers connected to an audio frequency generator. Students are

standing at positions where loud sounds can be heard.

(a) What type of wave is the sound waves?

(b) Why are loud sounds heard by the students at that positions?

Longitudinal wave / mechanical wave.

Constructive interference take place // Anti nodal area.

(c) The distance between the two loudspeakers is 1.5 m. At 10.0 m from the loudspeakers, the

distance between two adjacent rows of students is 4.0 m.

Calculate the wave length of this sound wave.

m6.00.10

0.45.1

(d) The frequency of the sound wave is increased.

(i) What will happen to the distance between two adjacent rows where loud sounds are heard?

(ii) Give a reason for your answer in 3(d)(i).

The distance between two adjacent row decreases.

The wave length decreases //

fx

1

x

4. Diagram 4.1 shows a submarine equipped with an optical instrument P.

Diagram 4.2 shows the structure of the optical instrument P.

(a) Name the optical instrument P.

Periscope.

(i) In box A in Diagram 4.2, draw and shade the second prism.

(b) In Diagram 4.2, two glass prisms must be placed so that the object can be seen by the observer.

The position of one of the glass prisms is as shown.

(c) (i) In Diagram 4.2, complete the path of the light ray from the object to the observer’s eye.

(ii) Explain why the prisms in optical instrument P are placed as in 4(b)(i).

Total internal reflection can occur.

(d) The refractive index of the glass prism is 1.52.

Calculate the critical angle of the glass prism.

(ii) State one characteristic of the image observed.

Virtual / same size.

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c

c

5. Diagram 5.1 shows the situation of a sheet of paper before and when air is blown.

Diagram 5.2 shows the situation of the canopy before the lorry moves and when the lorry moves at

high speed.

(a) What is meant by speed?

Speed is the rate of change of distance with time.

(c) Name the principle involved in 5(b)(iii).

(i) State two similarities for the situations in Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2.

(b) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2:

(ii) Compare the air pressure above and below the paper when air is blown.

1. No air movement the paper and the canopy will not lift up.

2. Paper and canopy lift up when the air moves.

Air pressure above the paper is lower than that below the paper.

Bernoulli’s Principle.

(iii) Relate the speed of the air to pressure of the air.

As the speed of air increases, the air pressure decreases.

In Diagram 5.3, the levels of coloured water in the U-tube are same before air flows.

(i) Compare the speeds of air at P and at Q.

(d) Diagram 5.3 shows an instrument used to measure the speed of air.

The speed of air at P is higher.

(ii) Mark the water levels in the U-tube in Diagram 5.3 while air flows.

6. Diagram 6.1and Diagram 6.2 show a student throwing an iron ball in a shot put event using different

throwing techniques.

The angle of projection and the force used by the student in both techniques are the same.

(a) Observe Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2.

(i) Compare the distance of the hand movement to throw the iron ball.

The distance in figure 6.2 is bigger / vice versa.

(c) (i) Using Diagram 6.1, what happens to the falling time if an iron ball of a bigger mass is used?

(ii) Based on the answer in 6(a)(i), compare the work done by the student between the two throwing

techniques.

(ii) State the principle involved.

(b) (i) Based on the answer in 6(a)(i), state the relationship between the energy gained by the iron ball

and the distance of projection.

(iii) If the force which acts on the iron ball is 20 N and the distance of hand movement is 0.5 m, calculate the work done by the student.

(ii) Give one reason for your answer in 6(c)(i).

The work done in diagram 6.2 is bigger / vice versa.

W = 20 X 0.5 = 10 J

As the energy increases, the distance of projection increases.

The principle of conservation of energy.

The time is the same.

The height is the same / The mass does not influence the falling time.

The two mirrors are in equilibrium state. Each mirror has a mass of 2 kg. Each string can withstand a

maximum force of 15 N.

(a) What is meant by equilibrium state?

8 Diagram 8.1 and Diagram 8.2 show two identical mirrors which are hung on the wall using strings,

of the same length.

(b) What is the weight of any one of the mirrors?

Zero net force when a body is stationary.

20 N.

Diagram of a triangle of forces for Diagram 8.1

(c) In the space below, draw a diagram of a triangle of forces that acts on the mirrors in Diagram 8.1

and Diagram 8.2.

Diagram of a triangle of forces for Diagram 8.2

(d) T1 and T2 are the tensions of the strings that act on the mirrors in Diagram 8.1 and Diagram 8.2

respectively.

(i) In the space below, draw the scale drawings of the triangles of forces to determine the values of T1

and T2. [ Use the scale 1 cm : 2 N ]

T1 = 5.78 cm

= 11.5 N

T2 = 7.05 cm

= 14.5 N

Figure 8.1 Figure 8.2

(ii) Based on your answer in 8(d)(i), which is the most suitable method to hang the mirror? Give one

reason for your answer.

(e) If the string in Diagram 8.1 is cut, the mirror will fall down in 0.6 s.

Calculate the final velocity of the mirror before it touches the surface of the floor.

- The method in figure 8.1

- The tension of the string in figure 8.1 is less than the tension of the string in figure 8.2.

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Section BAnswer any one question.

9 Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show the light rays from two identical objects passing through the

convex lenses, J and K. Both the lenses produce virtual images. F is the focal point for each lens.

(a) (i) What is meant by virtual image?

(ii) With reference to Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the thickness of the lenses, the focal

length and the size of image produced by the lenses J and K.

Relate the size of the image with the focal length to make a deduction regarding the relationship

between the power of the lens and the focal length.

The image that cannot be formed on a screen.

- Len J is thicker // vice versa

- Focal length J is shorter // vice versa

- The image size produced by lens J is bigger

- As the focal length increases, the image size will decrease // vice versa

- As the power of lens, the focal length will decrease // vice versa

(b) Explain why a piece of paper burns when placed under a convex lens aimed towards hot sun rays.

- Parallel light ray enter the lens / infinity

- Light ray is converged after entering the lens

- Light ray / energy is focused to a small area / focal point

- Light energy Heat energy // heat energy causes an increases in temperature.

(c) You are given two convex lenses, P and Q, with focal length 40 cm and 5 cm respectively. Both the

lenses are used to build a simple astronomical telescope at normal adjustment.

(i) Using the two lenses, explain how you are going to build the simple astronomical telescope.

(ii) Suggest modifications that need to be done on the telescope to produce clearer and bigger images.

- P is the objective lens // Q is eyepiece lens

- Distance between the eye piece and objective lens is 45 cm

- The ray of light from the distant object is parallel // infinity

- The ray is focused on the focal point of the objective lens

- Light ray is parallel after the eyepiece lens

- The characteristic of image is virtual, inverted, bigger

- Bigger eye piece power // Shorter focal length

- Magnification

- The diameter of the objective lens is bigger

- More light enter the telescope

fe

fo

Section CAnswer any one question.

11 (a) (i) What is meant by specific latent heat of vapourization?

(ii) Explain why someone who is sweating feels cool when he is under a rotating fan.

The amount of heat required to transform 1kg of substance from liquid to gas without change in temperature

- Heat is absorbed by sweat

- Sweat evaporates

- As the speed of air increases

- The rate of evaporation increases

- Heat is lost to the surrounding

Diagram 11.1 shows the heating curve of the solid.

(b) A solid substance, of mass 0.05 kg, is heated using an immersion heater of 240 V, 0.1 kW.

(c) You are asked to investigate the features of cooling material and the design of a car engine radiator as in Diagram 11.2 Explain the suitability of each features in Diagram 11.2 and then determine the most suitable car engine radiator to be used. Give a reason for your choice.

(i) the specific latent heat of fusion of the substance,

Calculate

(ii) The specific heat capacity of the substance in liquid state.

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Jkgm

PtL

PtmLQ

m = 0.05kg, V = 240 V, P = 100 W, t = 3.6 – 1.0 = 2.6 min

m = 0.05kg, V = 240 V, P = 100 W, t = 4.8 - 3.6 = 1.2 min, θ = 218 – 78 = 140

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CJkgm

Ptt

Characteristic Reason

1) High specific heat capacity

2) High boiling point

3) Big fan

4) A large number of fin blades

-Heats up slowly / store more heat

-Slow to turn into vapour / volume of liquid decreases

slowly-So that a lot of air can be sucked

-Increases surface area / Release heat faster

- R

- High specific heat capacity, high boiling point, a large fan and a large number of fin blades.

THANK YOU