flash cards. changing number of +protons….. changes the element
TRANSCRIPT
Flash Cards
Changing number of +protons…..
Changes the element
Who did Gold Foil Experiment?
Rutherford
Plum Pudding Model
Thomson
Atom is made of mostly of…
Empty space…..Rutherford
Metals ___________ -e
lose
Rutherford: nucleus is…
Small & +positive charge
Discovered -e
Thomson
Solid ball model
Dalton
Current accepted atomic model
Electron cloud
Atomic model has scattered negative charges spread throughout
Thomson
Non-metals ________ -e
gain
Change number of neutrons…
Creates isotopes
What will Ne react with?
None – Noble gas
Most reactive metal family
Alkali Metals #1
Period tells you…
Number of energy shells
Most reactive non-metal Family
Halogens
Planetary model
Bohr
Number of electrons on first three shells…
2, 8, 18, 32
+p: 21n: 23 Atomic Mass?-e: 21
44
+p: 21n: 23 Atomic Number?-e: 21
21
Hot to the touch during reaction
exothermic
H2O → H2 + 02
Type of reaction?
Decomposition
Most reactive non-metal group
Halogens
Ca + P → _________
Ca2+ + P3- → Ca3P2
?
Name of column #2
Alkaline Earth Metals
Bond that shares valance electrons
Covalent
Metal + Metal
Metallic Bond
Charged Particle
Ion
Number of –e in outer shell
Valance electrons
Reaction feels cold to the touch
Endothermic
Heat always flows from ____ to ______.
Hot areas to cold areas
Most reactive metal element
Fr
Used CRT(cathode ray tube)
Thomson
Model which has energy levels
Bohr
Cl-38+p: ____ n: ____ -e: ____
172117
Metal + Non-metal
Ionic Bond
K + N → _________
K1+ + N3- → K3N
Thomson
Cu
Average of isotopes
63.55
29
Why?
pH 8-14
Base
Acid + Base =
Water & salt
Dalton – solid sphere
Who’s model?
pH 0-6
Acid
Neutral pH
7
Strong Acid pH
0-1
Weak Base pH
8-9
Reactant side of chemical equation
Left _____ → ________
Strongest base?pH 1 pH 5 pH 8 pH
13
pH 13
Zn + 2HCl - ZnCl2 + H2
Type of reaction?
Single Replacement
Why do cows wear bells?
Because their horns don’t work.
2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2
Type of reaction?
Decomposition
Electrically Neutral…..
Same number + and -
Non-Metal + Non-metal
Covalent Bond
Oxidation Charge Number for Fe (IV)
4+
What makes an atom stable?
Full outside shell
The amount of energy that is put into a machine never equals the amount out of the machine. Why?
Loss of energy to friction.
A bird flies 25-m in 4 seconds. What is its velocity?
v = d
t=
25
4= 6.25 m/s
A car pulls away from a stop sign to a speed of 12 m/s in 3 seconds. What is its acceleration?
a = vf - vi
t=
12-0
3= 4 m/s/s
How much force is required to accelerate a 9-kg cart at 6-m/s/s ?
F = m a = (9)·(6) = 54 N
For every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force. Which law is this?
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
What property makes a moving object resist changing its speed?
Inertia
The amount of matter that is in a given object’s volume is called its______________.
Density
The water level said 10 mL before the rock was added. After the graduated cylinder read 15 mL. What is the volume of the rock?
15-10= 5 mL
If the rock has a mass of 35 g, what is the density of the rock?
D = m / VD = 35 / 5D = 7 g/mL
How many electrons does Nitrogen-15 need in order to be stable?
3
How many electrons does Hydrogen need in order to be stable?
1
What type of chemical bond does a water molecule have?
H2O
Covalent
A dog chases a car running at 8 m/s for 4 seconds. How will the dog travel during this time?
v = d
t
8 = d
4
8 = d 4 ·
d = 32 32 meters
What type of chemical bond does a table salt have?
NaCl
Ionic
Kim carried an 11-N box up a flight of stairs 6 meters high. How much work did she do?
W = F ·d
W = 6 11·
W = 66 J
How much current will flow through a 2-Ω resistor when it is connected to a 24-V battery?
V = I · R
24 = 2 I
I = 24/2 = 12 Amps
How much power does a 100V motor have if it uses 20 amps?
P = I · V
P = 100 20 ·
P = 2 000 Watts
What type of circuit is this?
Parallel
What type of circuit is this?
Series
What type of circuit is this?
Series
What type of circuit is this?
Parallel
What kind of object is the best to use as a frame of reference?
Object attached to the ground.(ex: sign, tree, fence)
Put the atomic model scientist in historical order.
Dalton Thomson Rutherford Bohr Schrödinger
Bohr Dalton Rutherford Thomson Schrödinger
The part of the atom with the smallest mass.
Electron
The number of protons remain the same, but neutrons are added. This creates…
isotopes
99% of an atom’s mass exists in this location.
nucleus
Our Moon is 1/6th the size of the Earth; so an astronaut’s _____ will be less on the Moon.
Weight
An astronaut traveling through space is weightless, but her ____ is still the same.
Mass
A ball is dropped from a roof and it will begin to accelerate at _______.
9.8 m/s/s = “g”
How fast is an object going to be traveling after 2 seconds from being dropped?
2 x g = 2 x 9.8 = 19.6 m/s
The charge on a proton is…
Positive
Which direction will the heat travel through these objects?
Highest to lowest:A→B and C→B
A65°C
B23°C
C48°C
How can you create C-14 from C-12?
Add two neutrons (isotopes)
The state of matter in which particles are vibrating in place.
Solid
Where are the largest radius atoms located on the periodic table?
Lower left corner (Fr)
How many protons does Phosphorous have?
15
The atomic number for Ni
28
The atomic mass of Cacium
40
S has how many neutrons?
35 – 16 = 19
16
35
A plane travels 400 km in 2 hrs. What is the plane's speed?
v = d t
v = 400 2 = 200 km/hr
What will be the acceleration of a 20 kg cart after a 140 N force is applied?
F = m · a 140 = 20 · a
140 = 20 · a 20 20
140 = a 20
7 m/s/s = a
Once an object is in motion it will stay in that motion unless a a net force acts on it.
Newton’s 1st Law of motion
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion
Bohr’s model of Boron
Boron has 5 p+ and so 5 e-
What is the oxidation number of Carbonate?
CO3 is a polyatomic ion and has a (2-) charge.
What is the valence number of Mg ?
2
How many electron shells does Chlorine have?
3
It will take 500J of work to move a tractor. If this is done in 25 seconds, how much power is used?
P = Wt
P = 50025 = 20 Watts
Oxygen will react more with…Magnesium or Potassium ?
K…because it is closer to F corner.