flexible cigs pv: past, present, and future
DESCRIPTION
A quick introduction to the development of lightweight, flexible, high performance CIGS solar technology at Ascent Solar. The unique value proposition of these product enables innovative design and integration solutions for novel applications in rapidly growing niche markets.TRANSCRIPT
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104/10/2023 Copyright of Ascent Solar ©
Photovoltaic Europe 2010
13/4/2010
Flexible CIGS PV: Past, Present, and Future
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Founded: 2005 (technology development ITNES)
Location: Thornton, CO USA
Technology: CIGS (flexible, plastic substrate)
Efficiency: Verified 10%+ (NREL)
Product: Lightweight and Flexible modules
Status: Commercial production; ramping capacity
Markets: Consumer Products
Transportation Solutions
Defense Applications
Building Integrated
Ascent Solar» Company Overview
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Traditional solar technology in glass modules
define the industry brand: the “Blue Square”
Positive: Energy Independence, Sustainability,
Job Creation Climate Awareness, Clean Energy, etc. Negative: Heavy, Rigid, Limited Aesthetic
Expensive, etc.
“Blue Square” solar severely limits design and integration options
Flexible CIGS» Re-defining the PV Brand
Ascent Solar is moving beyond the “Blue Square” by providing innovative products that enable the next wave of solar solutions
Blue Square
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Consumer Products
Defense
Applications
Transportation Solutions
Building Integrat
ed
High Power
LightweightLow Profile
Flexibility
Flexible CIGS» Value Proposition
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Crystalline Si CellsSingle crystalMulticrystallineThin Si
Thin Film TechnologiesCu(In,Ga)Se2
CdTe
Amorphous Si:H (stabilized)Emerging PV
Organic cells
Historic CIGS» Best Research-Cell Efficiencies
Effic
ienc
y (%
)
Universityof Maine
Boeing
Boeing
Boeing
BoeingARCO
NREL
Boeing
Euro-CIS
200019951990198519801975
RCA
Solarex
UNSW
UNSW
ARCO
UNSWUNSW
UNSWSpire Stanford
UNSWGeorgia TechGeorgia Tech Sharp
AstroPower
NREL
AstroPowerMasushita
MonosolarKodak
Kodak
AMETEK
PhotonEnergy
UniversitySo. Florida
NREL
NREL
Princeton
UniversityKonstanz NREL
NREL
UnitedSolar
United Solar
RCA
RCARCA
RCARCA
RCA
University CaliforniaBerkeley
Solarex
12
8
4
0
16
20
24
SRC: Best Research-Cell Efficiencies ; NREL
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20071990 1994 20081999
Thin-film PV development begins at Martin Marietta Aerospace
Roll-to-roll CIGS demonstrated
Ascent Solar spun off from ITN Energy Systems
ITN Energy Systems formed
Intelligent processing demonstrated
Monolithic integration /CIGS on plasticdemonstrated
Ascent Solar completes IPO
Norsk Hydro strategic relationship
Begin construction of Fab2 and new world headquarters
Fab1 production line completed
Pre-production testing facility operational (10-12% cell efficiencies)
Flexible CIGSdemonstrated
2005 2009
10.4% efficiency reached at commercial production, verified by NREL
Fab1 manufacturing line begins commercial production
$61mm secondary offering completed
Begin receiving equipment in Fab2
Historic CIGS» ITN / Ascent Development
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Technology» Manufacturing Process
Thin-Film Roll-to-roll Deposition Process
Module Manufacturing and Encapsulation Incorporating Monolithic Integration Techniques
Material Stack
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Discrete Process1. Deposition on a conductive material
2. Cut material into discrete units
3. “Shingle” cells and assemble module
Technology» Monolithic Integration
Monolithic Process1. Deposition on a insolating material
2. Laser scribe: does not cut substrate
3. Screen print leaves complete module;
No Assembly Required
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Development» Roll to Roll Production
Research and Development• S
tatic Process
• Nominal SubModule Size: 7.5-cm X 7.5-cm
Pilot line• M
ovable web; ~15-cm width
• Nominal SubModule Size: 15-cm X 30-cm
Production Plant: Fab 1• M
ovable web; 33-cm width
• SubModule Size: 15-cm X 30-cm
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R&D Toolset Static Process Distinct deposition chambers
Pilot Toolset Moving Web Roll to roll
Fab 1 Industrial equipment Intelligent process controls
Development» CIGS
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Pilot Toolset Distinct equipment Proof of concept
Fab 1 Automated equipment High throughput
Development» Monolithic Integration
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Enabling Solutions
Roll Products
The unique value proposition enables premium end applications
Charging Modules
Custom Modules
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Value Proposition» Consumer Products
Higher power and voltage density Drop resistant (No Glass) A fraction the weigh of crystalline Integrates into a variety of products
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Value Proposition» Defense Applications
Lightweight enables portable solutions Excellent power density Voltages match battery ecosystem Ruggedized per military specs
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Value Proposition» Transportation Solutions
Low profile, minimal air resistance Does not add significant weight to vehicle Conforms to shape of the vehicle body Significant power given constrained space
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Value Proposition» Building Integrated
Flexibility enables design options Does not add significant weight Dual value in shading application Qualifies for BIPV feed-in tariffs
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Markets» Solar Mobile Phone Opportunity
Usage growing significantly in the developing world 4.3-billion mobile phone users globally Most of the next billion users will be in emerging markets
Access to power for charging a challenge 2.6-billion people have limited or no daily access to electricity
Significant incentive for operators to solve charging challenge The expected increase in direct revenues to operators (from charging
solutions) total US$2.3-billion per year “60% of mobile operators surveyed already have off-grid charging
initiatives or are investigating off-grid charging solutions.”
Solar accepted as viable solution ZTE (Coral-200), HTW (S116), Samsung (Blue Earth & Crest E1107) Safaricom reports selling 100,000 units into Kenya alone
SRC: Various including UNDP, Moni Basu (CNN), GSMA; Green Power for Mobile: Charging Choices, GSMA; 20/10/2009
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2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 $-
$200.00
$400.00
$600.00
$800.00
$1,000.00
$1,200.00
LaminatesIntegrated
Markets» Flexible BIPV Opportunity
Pro
duct
Rev
enue
($-
mill
ions
)
CAGR: 34%
SRC: Building Integrated Markets, 2009 and Beyond; August 2009; NanoMarkets, LLC.
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Summary
Traditional “Blue Square” solar severely limits design options
Flexible CIGS enable the next wave of solar solutions
Flexible, Lightweight, and High Power solar products have a unique value proposition in multiple premium applications
These applications encompass significant market opportunities
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Daniel Tomlinson
Senior Sales Executive
Thank You