flexible scheduling in the library

A Dynamic Library Program

Itrsquos all about student learning

ldquoAccess to more and more information is of little value unless a school places high value on equipping its community in the processes of becoming informedrdquo

James Henri

The process of being informed ldquoIf yoursquore going to teach anything in the Information Age shouldnrsquot it be how to find evaluate and use online information criticallyrdquo Alan November

Schools must adopt the educational philosophy that the library media program is fully integrated into the educational program This integration strengthens the teachinglearning process so that students can develop the vital skills necessary to locate analyze evaluate interpret and communicate information and ideas

AASL Position Statement on Flexible Scheduling

PYP

Educational

Program at QA

21st Century learningPYP

1 Creativity and Innovation (risk-takers)

2 Communication and Collaboration (communicators open-minded balanced)

3 Research and Information Fluency (inquirers knowledgeable)

4 Critical Thinking Problem-solving and Decision-making (reflective caring

thinkers)

5 Digital Citizenship (principled)

6 Technology Operations and Concepts

PYP principles

Inquiry learningTransdisciplinary learningEssential elements ndash knowledge skills conceptsattitudes actionIB Profile

SKILLS ThinkingCommunicationSocialResearchSelf-management

Essential Skills in Research

QuestioningBrainstormingRecognizing an information needFinding key wordsEvaluating informationNote-makingSearching different mediaUsing the WWWEthical use of informationCitationsSharing information - collaboration

Teacher Libraria

n

TIFS

ESL

Language

Support

Literacy Coordinat

or

Math Coordinat

or

Humanities

Coordinator

Science Coordinato

rSchool Libraries Work Research Foundation

Paper 2008

When the library media program is fully integrated into the

instructional program of the school

bullstudents teachers and library media specialists become partners in learning bullThe library program is an extension of the classroom bullInformation skills are taught and learned within the context of the classroom curriculum bullThe wide range of resources technologies and services needed to meet students learning and information needs are readily available in a cost-effective manner


How can this integration be achieved

Collaboration and partnership between all the support teachers Flexible scheduling in the library

What is Flexible Scheduling

a scheduling arrangement that allows for variation in library use rather than having each class scheduled into the library for a regular fixed period

Flexible Scheduling Implementing an Innovation


Shannon (1996) ldquoThe library media specialist and the teacher plan together for instruction or use of resources based on student learning needs in each curriculum unit and schedule on that basis The schedule is arranged on an ad hoc basis and varies constantlyrdquo

Flexible SchedulingAllows teachers to bring their classes to the library at the time of greatest need for instructional purposes

Flexible AccessAllows students to visit the library at their point of need

Flexible Access and Technology Integration in your Classroom

Why Flexible SchedulingEducational research on effective learning tells us bull learning skills in context

is more effective than learning in isolation

bull inquiry-based learning is more meaningful

bull student achievement increases when libraries and librarians play an integral role in student learning

Flexible Scheduling Implementing an Innovation How School Librarians Help Kids Achieve Standards

Why Flexible Scheduling

Donham van Deusen and Tallman (1994) found that more collaborative planning and teaching existed in schools with flexible- or mixed-scheduled libraries particularly where principals expected team planning and librarians were full-time and did not cover teacher planning time

Flexible Scheduling Implementing an Innovation How School Librarians Help

Kids Achieve Standards

The integrated library media program philosophy requires that an open schedule must be maintained Classes cannot be scheduled in the library media center to provide teacher release or preparation time Students and teachers must be able to come to the center throughout the day to use information sources to read for pleasure and to meet and work with other students and teachersrdquo


What does it take to implementDonham van Deusen (1995) suggested the following conditions are necessary for successful implementation

bull An information skills curriculum matched with the content area curriculum

bull Flexible access to the library media center throughout the day

bull Team planning

bull Principal expectations for collaboration

bull A commitment to resource-based learning Flexible Scheduling Implementing an Innovation

AN EFFECTIVE SCHOOL LIBRARYhellip1048714 Is accessible to the total school community on site or remotely1048714 Is cost effective because one book is used by many1048714 Provides flexible scheduling and timely access to the collection by all students1048714 Offers a broad range of materialsmdashreference fiction and nonfiction1048714 Addresses a broad range of reading levels1048714 Minimizes loss through cost-effective tracking systems1048714 Supports learning to read and reading to learn with informational and imaginative text and literature1048714 Adds new resources throughout the school year to keep

collections dynamic1048714 Creates a sense of ownership that is shared by the entire school communityRoscello Frances and Patricia Webster (2002) Characteristics of School Library Media Programs and Classroom Collections Talking Points Albany NY Office of Elementary Middle Secondary and Continuing Education New York State Education Department

Librarians are NOT single-subject teachers as are music art PE These Single-subject teachers will integrate what they do into the UOI but they teach a specific subject

Everything that the teacher librarian is qualified to teach and is interested in

helping the students learn is inextricably tied to the classroom curriculum

Teacher Librarians are trained as

Teachers

and as

Information specialists ndash skilled at sourcing and selecting resourcesskilled at search techniques evaluating websites using information

Current library program

Each class visits the library once a week book exchange short lesson ndash sharing new titles introducing a genre learning library lay-out very basic skillsLibrary schedule fixedTeachersrsquo schedules fixed with little room for manoeuvre

Flexible Library scheduleClasses sign up for a 20 minute book exchange per week could be a reading period Teacher accompanies students

Teacher librarian works with grade level teachers team teaching supporting units of inquiry reinforcing information literacy skills The library can be scheduled separately from the teacher librarian

What does a successful flex program look like for students

bull The library is a very busy dynamic place

bull Students are in the habit of coming to the library as soon as they need new reading materials Many come more than once a week

bull Students see the librarian as a literacy and inquiry resource

bull Students are responsible for what theyve learned in the library it is tied to what they are doing in their classes

bull Students learn

inquiry skills systematically

bull Book checkouts

increase


What does a successful flex program look like for teachersbull Students are allowed

to go to the library on their own when they need new books

bull Grade-level teams meet at least once per unit of inquiry with TIFS and the librarian

bull Where appropriate librarian and TIFS meet with other support teachers

bull Classes are scheduled in the library and IT lab as needed

What does a successful flex program look like for teachers

bull Library resources related to the current unit are made available in the library or the classroom

bull Classroom teachers librarians and TIFs are all responsible for the Information and Technology Literacy curriculum

bull Classroom teachers often team teach with the TIFs and librarian

What does a successful flex program look like for administrators

Flexible scheduling wont be successful without administrative support

o allowing time to investigate and implement a flex schedule

o requiring and attending planning meetings

o allowing for adequate staffing

What does a successful flex program look like for librarians

bull Collaboration with every teacher in the school

bull Busy and varied days

bull Time with students focused on learning not on management

bull Accommodating several classes at once

bull Length of time with students varies

bull Library management during slow periods

PlanningPlanning needs to be done well in advance of the unitrsquos commencement date

Teachers PYP coordinator TIFs language support teachers coordinatorsTAP and TL look at learning experiences engagements for the following unit and discuss where information skills will come into play

They will plan times through the unit where TL will join classroom teacher to teach information literacy skills

Little boxes

Collaboration will avoid separating the different skills into different teachinglearning areas

The TLrsquos role does not have to be restricted to Information Fluency bullAttitudes and profile wordsbullGenresbullVisual LiteracybullInternationalismbullPresentation ndash book makingbullGlobal collaboration in literacy and other projectsbullAction

We need to think of the library ldquoas a part of rather than apart from the classroom and of the librarian as a line member of the teaching staff rather than an adjunct to itrdquo

Gary Hartzell

Research

There is significant research proving that a well-resourced school library with a qualified TL makes a difference to studentsrsquo learning

In our situation I believe that with our resources and the fact that we do have qualified library staff it does not make sense to not utilize fully either the resources or the skills of the library staff

Our library does not need to be purely a repository for books and other resources ndash it can be the heart of all learning in our school ndash and will be so when the new learning hub comes into being but only if the philosophy is in place

COLORADO (LANCE ET AL 1993 LANCE ET AL 2000)1048714 The size of the school library staff and collection explained 21 of variation in 7th grade Iowa Tests of Basic Skills (ITBS) reading scores

while controlling for socio-economic conditions (1993)1048714 Elementary school students with the most

collaborative teacher librarians scored 21 higher on Colorado Student Assessment

Program (CSAP) reading scores than students with the least collaborative teacher-librarians (2000)

DELAWARE (TODD 2005ndash6)Data collected from this study shows that 982 of students were helped by the school library in their learning process when the school libraries had state certified full-time school librarians flexible schedules active instructional programs for information literacydevelopment and a networked information technology infrastructure

DELAWARE (TODD 2005ndash6)The mere presence of a large collection of books magazines and newspapers in the school library is not enough to generate high levels of academic achievement by students Such collections only make a positivedifference when they are part of school-wide initiatives to integrate information literacy into the schoolrsquos approach to standards and curricula

DELAWARE (TODD 2005ndash6)Elementary schools with flexibly scheduled librariesperformed 10 better in reading and 11 better in writing on the ISAT tests of fifth graders than schools with less flexibly scheduled libraries

Teacher comments

I love the flexible schedule because it allows me to send the students as they need to get a book or as they need to do research and doesnt tie me to a certain time and the students can read as much as they want to because they can go and get more books and dont have to wait until the next week to get a book

mdashfourth-grade teacher

Teacher comments

Its a lot easier to be able to say ldquoWhy dont you go check it out in the library Thats a great questionrdquo And feel comfortable that they can go to the library and be able to get the help and look it up without me trying to schedule a time like ldquoOK thats a great question but well have to look it up next week when we go to the libraryrdquo

mdashthird- and fourth-grade teacher

Teacher comment on the loss of planning time

You need to look at it the other way to see that the students really benefit the most it depends on who were here to benefit I guessmdashfor the benefit of the teacher or the benefit of the students being able to learn some real-life skills


Teacher comments

And I think it also encourages the children to use the library more At other schools Ive been at the library just isnt on anyones mind But I think in ours the library is very central Not only is it physically central in the building but I think its central in kids minds

mdashfirst- and second-grade teacher

WORKS CITED ALA | AASL Position Statement on Flexible Scheduling ALA | Home - American

Library Association 27 Sept 2006 Web 13 Mar 2010 lthttpwwwalaorgalamgrpsdivsaaslaaslproftoolspositionstatementsaaslpositionstatementcfmgt

Hartzell Gary Capitalizing on the School Libraryrsquos Potential to Positively Affect Student Achievement White House Conference Resources Web lthttpwwwfcpseduDISLMSnewsflexible_schedulingpdfswhite_house_conf_resourcespdfgt

Henri James Understanding the Information Literate School Community The Information Literate School Community 2Issues of Leadership Wagga Wagga Centre for Information Studies 2005 11-26 Print

Hoiseth Linda Flexible Library Scheduling in the Elementary School Presentation 2009

Keith Curry Lance How School Librarians Help Kids Achieve Standards The Second Colorado Study Apr 2000 Web 13 Mar 2010

McGregor Joy ALA | Flexible Scheduling Implementing an Innovation ALA | Home - American Library Association Web 20 Mar 2010 lthttpwwwalaorgalamgrpsdivsaaslaaslpubsandjournalsslmrbslmrcontentsvolume9flexiblecfmgt

The Primary Years Programme A Basis for Practice Rep Cardiff International Baccalaureate 2009 Print

Roscello Frances and Patricia Webster Characteristics of School Library Media Programs and Classroom Collections Talking Points Office of Elementary Middle Secondary and Continuing Education New York State Education Department (2002) Print

School Libraries Work Scholastic Library Publication 2008 Web 13 Mar 2010

Photographs Metha Al Naimi

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Works Cited

Slide 45

ldquoAccess to more and more information is of little value unless a school places high value on equipping its community in the processes of becoming informedrdquo

James Henri




PYP

Educational

Program at QA






thinkers)



PYP principles





Teacher Libraria

n

TIFS

ESL

Language

Support

Literacy Coordinat

or

Math Coordinat

or

Humanities

Coordinator

Science Coordinato


Paper 2008





























bull Team planning









Teachers

and as











bull Students learn


bull Book checkouts

increase


























Little boxes




Gary Hartzell

Research











Teacher comments



Teacher comments






Teacher comments














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Works Cited

Slide 45




PYP

Educational

Program at QA






thinkers)



PYP principles





Teacher Libraria

n

TIFS

ESL

Language

Support

Literacy Coordinat

or

Math Coordinat

or

Humanities

Coordinator

Science Coordinato


Paper 2008





























bull Team planning









Teachers

and as











bull Students learn


bull Book checkouts

increase


























Little boxes




Gary Hartzell

Research











Teacher comments



Teacher comments






Teacher comments














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Slide 45






thinkers)



PYP principles





Teacher Libraria

n

TIFS

ESL

Language

Support

Literacy Coordinat

or

Math Coordinat

or

Humanities

Coordinator

Science Coordinato


Paper 2008





























bull Team planning









Teachers

and as











bull Students learn


bull Book checkouts

increase


























Little boxes




Gary Hartzell

Research











Teacher comments



Teacher comments






Teacher comments














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Slide 45

PYP principles





Teacher Libraria

n

TIFS

ESL

Language

Support

Literacy Coordinat

or

Math Coordinat

or

Humanities

Coordinator

Science Coordinato


Paper 2008





























bull Team planning









Teachers

and as











bull Students learn


bull Book checkouts

increase


























Little boxes




Gary Hartzell

Research











Teacher comments



Teacher comments






Teacher comments














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Slide 45




Teacher Libraria

n

TIFS

ESL

Language

Support

Literacy Coordinat

or

Math Coordinat

or

Humanities

Coordinator

Science Coordinato


Paper 2008





























bull Team planning









Teachers

and as











bull Students learn


bull Book checkouts

increase


























Little boxes




Gary Hartzell

Research











Teacher comments



Teacher comments






Teacher comments














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Works Cited

Slide 45





























bull Team planning









Teachers

and as











bull Students learn


bull Book checkouts

increase


























Little boxes




Gary Hartzell

Research











Teacher comments



Teacher comments






Teacher comments














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Works Cited

Slide 45







Teachers

and as











bull Students learn


bull Book checkouts

increase


























Little boxes




Gary Hartzell

Research











Teacher comments



Teacher comments






Teacher comments














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Works Cited

Slide 45










bull Students learn


bull Book checkouts

increase


























Little boxes




Gary Hartzell

Research











Teacher comments



Teacher comments






Teacher comments














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Works Cited

Slide 45

























Little boxes




Gary Hartzell

Research











Teacher comments



Teacher comments






Teacher comments














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Works Cited

Slide 45


Gary Hartzell

Research











Teacher comments



Teacher comments






Teacher comments














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Slide 45

Research











Teacher comments



Teacher comments






Teacher comments














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Slide 45








Teacher comments



Teacher comments






Teacher comments














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Slide 45

Teacher comments






Teacher comments














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Slide 45




Teacher comments














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Works Cited

Slide 45

flexible scheduling in the library

Education

information skills

library media program

information needs

online information

educational program

dynamic library program

instructional program

information fluency