FLOORING

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION FLOORING MATERIAL FLOORING TYPES PROCESS OF FLOORING SELECTION OF FLOORING MATERIAL FLOORING TOOLS ISSUES WITH FLOORING

INTRODUCTION Flooring is the general term for a

permanent covering of floor, or for the work of installing a floor covering. 

Floor covering is a term to generically describe any finish material applied over a floor structure to provide a walking surface.

Materials almost always classified as floor covering include carpet, area rugs, and resilient flooring such as linoleum or vinyl flooring.

Materials commonly called flooring include wood flooring, ceramic tile, stone, terrazzo, and various seamless chemical floor coatings.

FLOORING MATERIALS

The choice of material for floor covering is affected by factors such as cost, endurance, noise insulation, comfort and cleaning effort.

Some types of flooring must not be installed below grade (lower than ground level), and laminate or hardwood should be avoided where there may be moisture or condensation.

The sub-floor may be finished in a way that makes it usable without any extra work.

FLOORING TYPES FLOORING MATERIAL

Hard flooring Wood Stone Tile

Soft flooring

Carpet Rugs resilient

Soft coverings Wood flooring Resilient flooring Hard flooring Seamless

chemical flooring

PROCESS OF FLOORING Surface preparation is a critical step to ensure proper

installation of your NATURE STONE floor — and we’ll take care of it for you. We will remove dirt, oils, grease, paint, tiles and carpet from your concrete floor prior to installing your new NATURE STONE floor covering.

If your existing concrete floor has cracks and unevenness, we resin weld affected areas to reinforce and correct the gaps to assure a beautiful, even NATURE STONE floor covering.

After completing the preparation work, mixers on our trucks blend the special epoxy and stones, which our installers then trowel by hand over the existing concrete floor to ensure quality control and a uniform appearance.

The result: beautiful, long-lasting NATURE STONE flooring for garage, basement, outdoor and commercial applications.

SELCTION OF FLOORING MATERIAL

depends upon below factors:

• Initial Cost• Appearance• Cleanliness• Durability• Damp Resistance• Sound Insulation• Thermal Insulation• Fire Resistance• Smoothness• Hardness• Maintenance

SOFT COVERING

• Carpet is a floor covering woven or felted from natural or man-made fibre.

• Fitted carpet is attached to the floor structure, extends wall-to-wall, and cannot be moved from place to place.

• Rugs are smaller than the room in which they are located and are generally placed over the wood flooring.

• They may be attached to the flooring below by adhesive or other methods.

WOOD FLOORING• Many different species of

wood are fabricated into wood flooring in two primary forms: plank and parquet.

•  Hardwoods are typically much more durable than softwoods. 

• Laminate is a floor covering that appears similar to hardwood but is made with a plywood or medium density fibreboard ("MDF") core with a plastic laminate top layer.

• Bamboo flooring is a floor manufactured from the bamboo plant and is a type of hardwood flooring, though technically not a wood.

HARD WOOD FLOORING

RESILIENT FLOORING

Resilient flooring is made of material that has some elasticity.

It includes many different manufactured products including linoleum, sheet vinyl, vinyl composition tile (VCT), cork (sheet or tile), rubber, and others.

GLAZED TILES

New technologies are emerging since 2004 to produce hard floorings having the ability to light up when needed these tiles are called Glazed tiles.

TILES FLOORING

HARD FLOORING

Ceramic tile includes a wide variety of clay products fired into thin units which are set in beds of mortar or mastic with the joints between tiles grouted.

Varieties include quarry tile, porcelain tile , terracotta tile, and others.

SEAMLESS CHEMICAL FLOORING

Many different seamless flooring materials are available. These are usually latex, polyester, urethane  or epoxy compounds which are applied in liquid form to provide a completely seamless floor covering.

These are usually found in wet areas such as laboratories or food processing plants.

EXAMPLES OF BRICK FLOORING

RUBBER FLOORING

It consists of sheets or tiles of rubber, in variety of patterns and colours with thickness varying from 3 to 10 mm.

The sheets are fixed to the concrete floor with the help of appropriate adhesives.

Rubber floorings are resilient and noise proof.

They are costly, hence used in public buildings or offices

VINYL FLOORING

FLOORING TOOLS

Special tools used for flooring include:

Flooring clamp, a clamp for tongue-and-groove floors while nailing

Knee kicker, used to position carpets precisely and stretch small areas, like steps

Concrete moisture meter used to check a concrete floor before laying flooring on top

ISSUES WITH FLOORING

Wood floors, particularly older ones, will tend to 'squeak' in certain places. 

This is caused by the wood rubbing against other wood, usually at a joint of the subfloor. 

 Firmly securing the pieces to each other with screws or nails will remove this problem.

Concrete floors are usually so solid they do not have this problem, but are also much more expensive to construct, and much heavier, resulting in further requirements regarding the structure of the building.

Thank you