flow assurance service
TRANSCRIPT
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Petro Middle East
FLOW ASSURANCE SERVICE
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• Introduction.
• What is Flow Assurance?
• What is the type of Challenges in the Oil & Gas industry?
• Why is Flow Assurance needed in the Oil & Gas industry?
• How can we increase the Process safety?
Contents
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Introduction
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• Flow Assurance is a relatively new term in oil and gas industry. It refers to ensuring successful and economical flow of hydrocarbon stream from reservoir to the point of sale.
• Besides network modeling and transient multiphase simulation, flow assurance involves effectively handling many solid deposits, such as, gas hydrates, asphaltene, wax, scale, and naphthenates.
What is Flow Assurance?
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What is the type of Challenges in the Oil & Gas industry?
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Various Phenomena that may occur once the fluid is off-equilibrium during production from reservoir to process facility
Gas Phase
P and/or T Solubility of heavier Hydrocarbon's Liquid condensate forms
T Solubility of Water Vapor Liquid water phase forms
P Solubility of Water Vapor Liquid water evaporated
T Solubility of paraffins Wax precipitates in condensate
Gas + Liquid + Mechanical agitation Foaming
Liquid Hydrocarbon Phase
P and/or T Solubility of light Hydrocarbon's Gas phase forms
T Solubility of paraffins Wax precipitates
P Solubility of asphaltenes Asphaltenes precipitate
Oil + Water + Mechanical agitation Emulsions form
Liquid Water Phase
T < 0 ℃ Ice becomes stable Solid ice forms
P and/or T Solubility of CO2 and H2S pH
pH Hydrocarbon components become surface active Emulsion stability
P and/or T change Solubility of dissolved ions change Mineral scale deposition
P High, T Low + Water + Light Hydrocarbons Hydrate Formation
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Operations Consequences Results from WAX Deposition
• WAX deposition can foul the internal surface which results in increasing the pressure drop.
• Restricting the flow leading to possibility of blockage.
• Increasing the viscosity of a waxy film will require additional pressure driving force.
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• Hydrates will lead to increased pressure drop and ultimately to full flow blockages.
• Hydrates can form in bulk liquid and agglomerate in flow path restrictions, such as chokes.
• Hydrate plug can be tens of meters long
Hydrates Operation Consequence
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Scale Operation Consequence
• Wells producing water are likely to develop deposits of inorganic scales.
• Scales can and do coat perforations, casing, production tubulars, valves, pumps, and down hole completion equipment, such as safety equipment and gas lift mandrels.
• If allowed to proceed, this scaling will limit production, eventually requiring abandonment of the well.
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How can we increase the Process safety?
For PRODUCTION RECOVERY
Well restart Hydrate Remediation Wax Removal
For OPERATIONS SUPPORT
Slugging Pigging Chemical Injection
For PRODUCTION ENHANCEMENT
ESP Design/Gas-Lift Optimization Process Hydraulic Optimization
For DESIGN
Well Performance Pipeline and Equipment SizingInput to Process, Mechanical Design
and Material Selection
Understanding Your Fluid
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• Fluid Analysis: Is performed to ensure the fluid basis is representative of production fluid.
• System Hydraulic Capacity: Pipeline sizing and steady-state thermo-hydraulic studies, pipeline network analysis, production optimization and well performance.
• Thermal Analysis: Is performed to evaluate the optimal thermal management strategy needed to get the right balance between a solid design, cost and operability.
Cont. How can we increase the Process safety?
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• Transient Analysis: PME performed detailed analysis of the system’s response to transient operations such as production shutdown, blow-down, turn-down/ramp-up and start-up.
• Slugging Analysis: our slugging solution includes slugging prediction in pipeline/risers and slug-reduction options evaluation.
• Hydrate Management: Develop hydrate prevention philosophy for design and operation procedure.
Cont. How can we increase the Process safety?
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THE END
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME AND ATTAENDANCE