fluid and electrolyte
TRANSCRIPT
Paediatrics seminar
COMPOSITION OF BODY FLUIDS
& FLUID LOSS
TOTAL BODY FLUID IS DIVIDED INTO 2 COMPARTEMENTS:-1.Intracellular(ICF)
2.Extracellular(ECF)
Total Body Water
INTRACELLULAR COMPARTMENTConsists of 40% of body weight
EXTRACELLULAR COMPARTMENT
Interstitial fluid- 80% of ECF Plasma- 20% of ECF Transcellular fluid Gastrointestinal CSF Peritonial & ocular
Consists of 20% of body water
ICF & ECF
ICF (30-40%)
Interstitiial (15%) Plasma(5
%)
An equilibrium is always maintained between
ICF ECF
&
Sodium ion
Pottasium ion
10424
14 62
Plasma anions
Cl-
HCO3-
Proteins
Others
Phosphates
3 10
40107
Intracellular Anions
Cl-
HCO3-
Proteins
Phophates
Chloride ion
FLUID LOSSPlasma water loss dehydration,anaemia polycythemia,heart failure
hypoalbuminemia, abnormal plasma osmolality
Fluid loss in neonatesInsensible water loss ----15 –30ml/kgRenal water loss -----------60—90ml/kgStool water loss-------------10 ml/kgGrowth --------------10—15 ml/kgWater of oxidation-----------15---18ml/kg
Insensible fluid loss in neonates
Increase in surface area per unit body massDecrease in subcutaneous fat tissueThin epidermisIncreased permeability of epidermis
causes -----