fluid mechanics lab 1
TRANSCRIPT
Fluid Mechanics Lab
TAUQEER IQBALMSc. Material Science Engineering(Belgium)MSc. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics(Spain)
Lab session 1
Introduction to Flow Rate Measurement
Assessment Criteria
Class Participation
Discipline
Assignments
Presentation
Sessional viva
Final viva
In Today’s Session
Fluid Flow Measurement
Basics of flow rate measurements
Introduction to Hydraulic Bench
Flow Rate Measurement via Hydraulic Bench
Vocabulary/Definitions
Fluid:
A fluid is anything that would spill or float away if it weren't in a
container.
All liquids and gases are fluids
Manometer:
A device that measures the height (head) of liquid in a tube at the
point of measurement.
Learning Objectives
After this activity, one should be able to:
Calculate the mass and volumetric flow rates(Discharge)
Introduction and use of Hydraulic Bench
Familiarize with Different flow measurement Devices in Fluid
Mechanics
What Is flow Measurement?
Flow measurement is the quantification of bulk fluid movement.
Mass flow measurement
Volumetric flow measurement
Mass flow rate(mass/time)
Example
An empty bucket weighs 2.0 kg. After 7 seconds of collecting water
the bucket weighs 8.0 kg, then:
mass flow rate = =ṁ
= = 0.857 kg/s (kg s-1)
mass of fluid in bucket
time taken to collect the fluid
8.0 -2.0
7
Mass flow rate(mass/time)
Can you Solve?
Example
If we know the mass flow is 1.7 kg/s, how long will it take to fill a
container with 8 kg of fluid?
Volumetric Flow Rate(Discharge)
Discharge = Q =
Q =
Q =
volume of fluid
time
mass of fluid
density x time
mass
volumedensity =( )mass flow rate
density
m/t=
Volumetric Flow Rate(Discharge)
Example
If the density of the fluid in the previous example is 850 kg/m3
what is the volume per unit time (the discharge)?
Q = 1.008 l/s
mass fluid rate
densitym/t=
Flow measurement Instruments
Orifice Plate
Rotameter
Venturi Tube
Pitot Tube
Nozzle
Vane Meter
Positive Displacement Flow Meter
Coriolis Flow Meters
Flow measurement Instruments
Orifice Plate
AVQ
ppCV ba
2
1 4
0
Flow measurement Instruments
Rotameter
Introduction to Hydraulic Bench
The Hydraulic Bench serves as a reservoir of water with a pump to supply the testing equipments with a controlled water flow rate. It also provides a method of determining the volumetric flow rate of water in experiments.
Hydraulic Bench
Parts Identification
Flow Rate by Hydraulic Bench
Close Dump Valve
Use stopwatch to measure volume increase/time.
Flow Rate by Hydraulic Bench
Set the flow rate using the outlet valve located at the front of the hydraulic bench.
The valve should be about 55% open.
Measure the actual flow rate using hydraulic bench and a stopwatch.
Repeat this measurement ten times.
Home Assignment
Search for Flow measurement devices not discussed here which are being used for;
Liquids
Gases