fly project begins
DESCRIPTION
Fly Project Begins . Objectives: Organize groups - 4 members maximum Start notebooks - Describe traits and strains, etc. Understand traits and obtain needed flies - Purebreeding Learn about handling flies - Feeding , Anesthetizing Sexing, Virgin collection - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Fly Project Begins
Objectives:Organize groups - 4 members maximum
Start notebooks - Describe traits and strains, etc.
Understand traits and obtain needed flies - Purebreeding
Learn about handling flies - Feeding , AnesthetizingSexing, Virgin collectionSet up stock of each strain
For September 18, obtain 10 virgin females of each strain (wild type,
w sn m e).
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Inheritance in Drosophila melanogaster
Project
Investigate genes responsible for four traits: white vs. red eyes; miniature vs. normal wings;ebony vs. tan body color, singed vs. normal bristles
Determine:1) Number of genes involved2) If each gene is X-linked or autosomal 3) If the mutant or wild-type allele for each is
dominant4) If genes are linked or assorting
independently5) Map distances between all linked genes
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Wild-type Drosophila melanogaster
Red eyesLong wings‘Gray/ tan’ bodySmooth bristles
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Traits Studied
Miniature wings ( m )
Forked bristles ( f )Singed bristles (sn)
+
sn
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Traits Studied
Scarlet eyes (st)
White eyes (w)
wild type (+)
Brown eyes (bw)
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Traits Studied
Wild type (+) Yellow bodies (y) Ebony bodies (e)
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Crosses to be Performed
Reciprocal crosses:
strain A x strain B ; strain A x strain B
F1 x F1 crosses ( F1 female x F1 male ): If all X-linked or independently assorting
Testcrosses ( F1 female x strain A or strain B male ): Mapping
F1 x pure-breeding recessive
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Finding Information about Traits
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Finding Information about Traits
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Finding Information about Traits
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Finding Information about Traits
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Finding Information about Traits
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Finding Information about Traits
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Reasons for Studying D. melanogaster
Small size
Short generation time (10 days - two weeks )
Easy maintenance
Number of well characterized traits 13,601 protein-encoding genes identifiedcomprehensive genetic mapgenome sequencedmany genes comparable to humans
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Viewing and Anesthetizing Flies
Binocular dissecting microscopesocular focus, zoom
Carbon dioxideanesthetizing needlesanesthetizing platformsTurn off CO2 before leaving lab
MITES!!! Wipe down everything with ethanol (70%)even when not working with
flies
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Fly Care and Maintenance
Feeding - Instant Drosophila MediumSterile vials and plugs
Transfer flies to new vials with new foodStocks - Every two weeksCrosses - Every 3-4 days, until larvae in
first vials
Incubator 24OC (Room temperature for now)
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Fly Management and Supply Cleaning
Morgue - unwanted adults -
Freezer - unwanted cultures with potential larvae -
Vial and Plug Washing - thawed vials rinsed with warm water,medium dissolved, brushed from vial,
plugs rinsed with warm water until clean,
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Sexing Flies
Male Female
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Sexing Flies
http://www.bio.ilstu.edu/Edwards/other/Sexing_Drosophila.shtml
Sex combs are only seen in males
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Sexing Flies
http://www.bio.ilstu.edu/Edwards/other/Sexing_Drosophila.shtml
Genital arch in males
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Sexing Flies
Male Female
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Life Cycle
Pupae Eggs
Larvae
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Life Cycle
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Virgin Collection
Adults emerge from pupal cases (eclose)Males not ready to mate for 8-10 hrFemales ready immediately
Clear Vials before 9 AM
Return within 8 hours
Separate males and females into separate vials
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Lab Supplies and Access
Main Lab
Tour of Fly Room
Key Pad - 3334
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Before Leaving Lab Tuesday
Everyone in group must know how to:
feed, transfer, anesthetize flies
distinguish mutant traits from wild type
collect virgins
Plan - who will find information about each trait;
times when each member will be in lab to clear, etc.
By September 18 - Make sure you have 10 virgin females from each strain and 10 males from each strain for reciprocal crosses, which will be set up in lab.