fmd virus fmdv genome - | rr- · pdf filea/irn/16/2005 a iran 96 a iran 99 a iran 05 asia...

Official Inauguration of the OIEOfficial Inauguration of the OIE--FAOFAO

Regional Animal Health CentreRegional Animal Health Centre44thth Steering Committee of the GFSteering Committee of the GF--TADsTADs

55thth Round Table for the Surveillance and Control of FMD in the MiddRound Table for the Surveillance and Control of FMD in the Middle Eastle East

FMDV Strains and SubFMDV Strains and Sub--strainsstrains

risk to the Middle East:risk to the Middle East:

review and situation updatesreview and situation updates

Hamra, Beirut – 7th – 9th April 2009Hamra, Beirut Hamra, Beirut –– 77thth –– 99thth April 2009April 2009

Antonello Di Nardo, Nick J. Knowles, Donald P. King, Nigel P. Ferris,

Jef M. Hammond, David J. PatonFAO/OIE WRLFMD, Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright – UK

� Foot-and-mouth disease is an economically devastating diseaseeconomically devastating disease

of clovencloven--hoofed livestockhoofed livestock, as evidenced by recent outbreaks

in Taiwan (1997), Argentina (2001) and UK (2001)

� Causes an acute vesicular diseaseacute vesicular disease in cattle, buffaloes, sheep,

goats and pigs which may develop into a persistent infection

(excluding pigs)

� Can infect many other mammalian speciesother mammalian species, including antelopes, deer,

elephants, hedgehogs, etc.

� It is thought that the original FMDV natural host might be the

African buffalo African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) since:

• persistently infectedpersistently infected

• disease is rarely observedrarely observed

• greatest diversity greatest diversity between and within the SAT serotypes

FMD VirusFMD Virus

Family Picornaviridae

Genus Aphthovirus

�Non-enveloped

�Small protein capsid

P3P3P2P2P1P1LL

FMDV GenomeFMDV Genome� Single-stranded +RNA genome

� ~ 8500 nucleotides

� Basic organization similar to others Picornaviridae

� High error rate of virus polymerase (-10-3/-10-5 misincorporations/nucleotide)

� Rapid replication rate

FMDV antigenic diversityFMDV antigenic diversity FMD conjecture status (2007/09)FMD conjecture status (2007/09)

Endemic

Intermediate, sporadic

EgyptEgypt

(A and O)(A and O)

Pool 3

(O, A, Asia 1)

Pool 3Pool 3

(O, A, Asia 1)(O, A, Asia 1)

Pool 2

(O, A, Asia 1)

Pool 2Pool 2

(O, A, Asia 1)(O, A, Asia 1)

Pool 1

(O, A, Asia 1)

Pool 1Pool 1

(O, A, Asia 1(O, A, Asia 1))

ChinaChina

(Asia1 and (Asia1 and

A)A)

Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan

(A and O)(A and O) North KoreaNorth Korea

(Asia1)(Asia1)

Kazakhstan Kazakhstan

(O)(O)

MIDDLE EASTMIDDLE EAST

Jordan, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Israel,

PAT PAT (O)(O)

TurkeyTurkey

(A and O)(A and O)

BahrainBahrain

(A and O)(A and O)

IranIran

(A and O)(A and O)

IraqIraq

(A)(A)

Saudi Arabia, UAE, YemenSaudi Arabia, UAE, Yemen

(O)(O)

Africa

Asia

1%

A15/Bangkok/TAI/60 [AY593755]A/SAU/41/91

A/SAU/23/86A/IND/17/77* [AF204108]A22/IRQ/24/64 [AJ251474]

A23/KEN/46/65 [1964]A/KEN/29/2005

A/EGY/4/2006A/EGY/1/2006A/EGY/2/2006A/EGY/3/2006A/EGY/5/2006

A/KEN/15/98 [K62/98]A/KEN/16/98A [K67/98]

A/ETH/7/92A/ETH/23/94

A/ETH/1/94A/YEM/2/98

A/SUD/1/82A/K35/80*

A/UGA/20/76A/K37/84*

A/NYE/8/89A/UGA/4/75

A/KEN/22/69 [K140/69]A/UGA/13/66

A/BKF/2/94A/CIV/4/95A/CIV/2/96A/GHA/4/96A/GAM/44/98A/GAM/46/98

A/GAM/52/98A/SEN/34/97A/MAI/2/97A/MAU/3/97A/SEN/10/96

A/GHA/16/73A/NIG/10/76

A/CAR/2/85A/NIG/4/79

A/CAR/1/86A/CAR/1/87

A/TCH/2/73A/CAR/1/76

A/NGR/2/73A/MAI/4/2004

A/TOG/9/2005A/CAR/P19/2000 (mfa/057/01)

A/CAR/15/2000A/CAR/14/2000A/CAR/12/2000A/CAR/13/2000

A/CAR/P22/2000 (fke/066/08)A/ERI/3/97

A/ERI/2/98A/ERI/3/98

A/SUD/3/77A/SUD/1/81

A/SUD/2/84A/SUD/1/85

A/UGA/1/2002A/BUN/2/80

A/ZAM/90A/MAL/5/81

A/BUN/4/90A/K49/84*

A/KEN/12/2005A/KEN/3/2006

A/TAN/4/80A/TAN/2/68 [T626/68]

A/TAN/3/68 [T809/67]A/KEN/42/66 [K18/66]

A/K16/74*A/SOM/1/78

A/K5/80*A/KEN/1/95 [K4/95]A/KEN/1/93 [K64/93]A/KEN/1/2003 [K177/03]A/KEN/2/2003 [K181/03]

A/K179/71* [KEN/1/76]A/K207/73*

A/EGY/1/72A/ETH/2/79

A/YEM/2/85A/YEM/7/85

A21/KEN/3/64A/NIG/5/72

Asia

Africa

FMDVFMDV--A topotypes 1928A topotypes 1928--20082008 FMDVFMDV--O topotypes 1993O topotypes 1993--20082008

FMD present or suspected (topotype undesignated)

ME-SA (Middle East – South Asia)

SEA (South-east Asia)

Cathay

WRLFMD samples collectedWRLFMD samples collected

2008

Previous years

2009

WRLFMD data 2005WRLFMD data 2005--0909

496496 Batches collected from:

� Bahrain

� Egypt

� Iran

� Iraq

� Israel

� Libya

� Jordan

� Kuwait

� Pakistan

� Saudi Arabia

� Turkey

� UAE

� Yemen

WRLFMD data 2005WRLFMD data 2005--0909 WRLFMD data 2007WRLFMD data 2007--0909

283283 Batches collected from:

� Bahrain

� Egypt

� Iran

� Iraq

� Libya

� Kuwait

� Pakistan

� Saudi Arabia

� Turkey

� UAE

20082008--09 FMD events for Middle09 FMD events for Middle--EastEast

Nov 2008 (continuing)Nov 2008 (continuing)

AA--IranIran--0505

PanAsiaPanAsia--22

Nov 2008 (continuing)Nov 2008 (continuing)

AA--IranIran--0505

PanAsiaPanAsia--22

Nov 2008 Nov 2008 –– Jan 2009Jan 2009

AA--IranIran--0505

Jan 2009Jan 2009

AA--IranIran--0505

Jan 2009 (continuing)Jan 2009 (continuing)

AA--IranIran--0505

Feb 2009Feb 2009

AA--IranIran--0505

Feb 2009Feb 2009

PanAsiaPanAsia--2?2?

Feb 2009Feb 2009

AA--IranIran--0505 Mar 2009Mar 2009

AA--IranIran--0505

1%

A/SAU/23/86A/BHU/27/2003A/BHU/41/2002

A/BHU/7/2003A/IND/53/2000* [AF390654]

A/IND/78/2000* [AF390664]A/IND/60/2000* [AF390656]

A/IND/104/2000* [AF390592]A/IND/192/2000* [AF390619]

A/IND/24/2001* [AF390624]A/IND/126/2000* [AF390599]A/IND/172/2000* [AF390614]

A/IRN/33/2004A/IRN/5/2003A/IRN/9/2003

A/IRQ/2/2002A/IRQ/100/2002A/IRQ/99/2002

A/IRQ/24/2002A/IRQ/59/2002A/IRQ/33/2002

A/IRQ/60/2002A/IRQ/107/2002A/IRQ/108/2002

A/IRN/32/2004A/IRN/17/2005

A/IRN/1/96A/TUR/2/2003A/TUR/14/2002

A/TUR/4/2003A/SYR/5/2002A/TUR/17/2001

A/IND/17/77* [AF204108]A22/IRQ/24/64 [AJ251474]

A/IND/68/2001* [AF390659]A/IND/7/82 [1980]

A/WBN 17/82* [A/IND/490/97*] [AF390652]A/IND/17/82* [IndImm]

A/TAI/118/87*A/TAI/2/97

A/IRN/87A/SAU/41/91

A/IRN/22/99A/TUR/5/2003

A/IRN/10/2003A/PAK/28/2002

A/PAK/9/2003A/IRN/32/2001

A/IRN/34/2001A/IRN/2/2002A/IRN/7/2003

A/IRN/41/2003A/IRN/7/2004

A/PAK/5/2006A/SAU/15/2005A/SAU/16/2005

A/IRN/30/2005A/IRN/22/2005A/IRN/27/2005

A/IRN/40/2005A/IRN/50/2005

A/IRN/53/2005A/IRN/36/2005A/IRN/24/2005

A/IRN/34/2005A/IRN/25/2005

A/PAK/1/2006A/PAK/3/2006

A/IRN/44/2005A/IRN/7/2005

A/IRN/4/2005A/IRN/1/2005A/IRN/2/2005

A/IRN/5/2005A/IRN/31/2005A/TUR/2/2006

A/TUR/3/2006A/TUR/1/2006

A/IRN/38/2005A/IRN/39/2005

A/IRN/26/2005A/IRN/33/2005

A/IRN/42/2005A/IRN/43/2005A/IRN/55/2005

A/IRN/29/2005A/IRN/28/2005

A/IRN/51/2005A/IRN/54/2005

A/IRN/13/2005A/IRN/18/2005

A/IRN/10/2005A/IRN/14/2005

A/IRN/16/2005

A Iran 96

A Iran 99

A Iran 05

Asia

Serotype ASerotype A: A: A--IranIran--0505

Phylogenetic analysisPhylogenetic analysis

� Within Asia topotype 1

� Predominant serotype A lineage circulating

in Middle East

� Turkey 2007 new sub-lineages A/IRN/05ARD-07 and

A/IRN/05EZM-07 predominant in Turkey

� 2 different paths of evolution (S and NS genome regions)

• A22 sub-lineage starting point

• A/IRN/105, A/IRN/96, A/IRN/99as evolutionary intermediate

� Common ancestor with O-PanAsia, Asia1,

O5 isolate from India, and A Iran 105 from Iran

(origin may be a co-infection within Asian Buffalo?)

AA--IranIran--05 isolates (200305 isolates (2003--09)09)

Iran (2003-09)

Afghanistan (2004 & 2007)

Saudi Arabia (2005 & 2008-09)

Turkey (2005-09)

Jordan (2006)

Pakistan (2006)

AA--IranIran--05 isolates (200305 isolates (2003--09)09)

Bahrain (2008-09)

Iraq (2009)

Kuwait (2009)

Libya (2009)

AA--IranIran--05 outbreaks time05 outbreaks time--lineline

Late Late

20052005

20042004

20072007

EarlyEarly

20062006

LateLate

20062006

Late 2008 Late 2008

& 2009& 2009

MarMar

20092009

Late Late

20052005--0909

20032003--0909

JanJan

20092009

20072007

Summer Summer

20072007Phylogenetic analysisPhylogenetic analysis

� 117 samples received on 12nd of March 2009 (8 batches)

� A-Iran-05 strain have been sequenced from isolates

(all closely related)

� A/LIB/09 related with

A/IRQ/09 and A/KUW/09 (99.84% of identity)

� Spread due to animal trade/movement?

A/PAK/1/2006 A/PAK/3/2006

A/KRG/2007 A/SAU/15/2005 A/SAU/16/2005

A/IRN/54/2006 A/IRN/24/2005 A/IRN/34/2005

A/IRN/36/2005 A/IRN/53/2005

A/IRN/27/2005 A/IRN/5/2006

A/IRN/22/2005 A/IRN/30/2005

A/TUR/324/2007* (FMDI-Ankara) A/IRN/40/2005

A/IRN/50/2005 A/AFG/130/2004* (EF457980) A/AFG/131/2004* (EF457981)

A/IRN/41/2003 A/IRN/7/2004 (EU414530)

A/PAK/5/2006 A/IRN/38/2007 A/IRN/39/2007

A/IRN/3/2007 A/IRN/15/2007

A/IRN/1/2008 A/IRN/5/2008

A/BAR/2/2009 A/BAR/4/2009

A/IRN/4/2008 A/AFG/6/2007

A/AFG/44/2007 A/BAR/6/2008 A/BAR/7/2008

A/IRQ/22/2009 A/IRQ/23/2009

A/IRQ/17/2009 A/IRQ/11/2009 A/IRQ/21/2009 A/IRQ/19/2009 A/IRQ/10/2009 A/IRQ/15/2009 A/IRQ/12/2009 A/IRQ/9/2009 A/IRQ/24/2009 A/LIB/1/2009 A/LIB/2/2009

A/AFG/7/2007 A/IRN/36/2007 A/IRN/37/2007

A/IRN/2/2002 (EU414527) A/IRN/7/2003 (EU414528)

A/IRN/32/2001 A/IRN/34/2001 (EU414526)

A/IRN/10/2003 (EU414529) A/PAK/28/2002 (EU414534) A/PAK/9/2003 (EU414535)

Iran-87 Iran-99

A/TAI/118/87* (EF208777) A/TAI/2/97 (EF208778)

A/IND/17/77* (AF204108) A22/IRQ/24/64 (AJ251474) A/BHU/41/2002 (EU414525)

A/BHU/7/2003 OS A/MEU/49/03* (EF120401)

A/BHU/27/2003 A/APR/51/05* (EF120400)

A/APS/44/05* (EF120402) A/APS/68/05* (EF120403)

A/SAU/23/86 (EU414536)

Iran-96

ASIA topotype

EURO-SA topotype AFRICA topotype

1 00

73

1 0 0

1 00

1 00

1 0 0

10 0

88

72

10 0

10 0

99

8 0

1 00

92

98

1 0 0

10 0

10 0

9 8

1 00

1 0 0

9 5

1 0 0

9 7

99

9 2

8 8

73

1 00

1 00

99

87

8 1

0.02

A/LIB/09A/LIB/09

IranIran

-- 0505

AS

IA top

otype

AS

IA top

otype

Serotype ASerotype A: A/LIB/09: A/LIB/09

A/PAK/1/2006 A/PAK/3/2006

A/KRG/2007 A/SAU/15/2005 A/SAU/16/2005

A/IRN/54/2006 A/IRN/24/2005 A/IRN/34/2005

A/IRN/36/2005 A/IRN/53/2005

A/IRN/27/2005 A/IRN/5/2006

A/IRN/22/2005 A/IRN/30/2005

A/TUR/324/2007* (FMDI-Ankara) A/IRN/40/2005

A/IRN/50/2005 A/AFG/130/2004* (EF457980) A/AFG/131/2004* (EF457981)

A/IRN/41/2003 A/IRN/7/2004 (EU414530)

A/PAK/5/2006 A/IRN/38/2007 A/IRN/39/2007

A/IRN/3/2007 A/IRN/15/2007

A/IRN/1/2008 A/IRN/5/2008

A/BAR/2/2009 A/BAR/4/2009

A/IRN/4/2008 A/AFG/6/2007

A/AFG/44/2007 A/BAR/6/2008 A/BAR/7/2008

A/IRQ/22/2009 A/IRQ/23/2009

A/IRQ/17/2009 A/IRQ/11/2009 A/IRQ/21/2009 A/IRQ/19/2009 A/IRQ/10/2009 A/IRQ/15/2009 A/IRQ/12/2009 A/IRQ/9/2009 A/IRQ/24/2009 A/LIB/1/2009 A/LIB/2/2009

A/AFG/7/2007 A/IRN/36/2007 A/IRN/37/2007

A/IRN/2/2002 (EU414527) A/IRN/7/2003 (EU414528)

A/IRN/32/2001 A/IRN/34/2001 (EU414526)

A/IRN/10/2003 (EU414529) A/PAK/28/2002 (EU414534) A/PAK/9/2003 (EU414535)

Iran-87 Iran-99

A/TAI/118/87* (EF208777) A/TAI/2/97 (EF208778)

A/IND/17/77* (AF204108) A22/IRQ/24/64 (AJ251474) A/BHU/41/2002 (EU414525)

A/BHU/7/2003 OS A/MEU/49/03* (EF120401)

A/BHU/27/2003 A/APR/51/05* (EF120400)

A/APS/44/05* (EF120402) A/APS/68/05* (EF120403)

A/SAU/23/86 (EU414536)

Iran-96

ASIA topotype

EURO-SA topotype AFRICA topotype

1 00

73

1 0 0

1 00

1 00

1 0 0

10 0

88

72

10 0

10 0

99

8 0

1 00

92

98

1 0 0

10 0

10 0

9 8

1 00

1 0 0

9 5

1 0 0

9 7

99

9 2

8 8

73

1 00

1 00

99

87

8 1

0.02

Serotype ASerotype A: A/LIB/09: A/LIB/09

A/LIB/09A/LIB/09

IranIran

-- 0505

AS

IA top

otype

AS

IA top

otype

Serotype ASerotype A: A/IRN/09: A/IRN/09


� 27 samples received on 26th of February 2009


� A/IRN/09 related with

A/BAR/09 (98.59-98.9% identity)

A/AFG/07 (98.28-98.59% identity)

A/IRQ/09 (99.84-100% identity)

A/IRN/30/2005 A/TUR/324/2007* (FMDI-Ankara)

A/IRN/40/2005 A/IRN/50/2005

A/AFG/130/2004* (EF457980) A/AFG/131/2004* (EF457981)

A/IRN/41/2003 A/IRN/7/2004 (EU414530)

A/PAK/5/2006 A/IRN/38/2007 A/IRN/39/2007

A/IRN/3/2007 A/IRN/15/2007

A/IRN/1/2008 A/IRN/5/2008

A/IRN/4/2009 A/IRN/17/2009

A/IRN/15/2009 A/IRN/26/2009

A/IRN/1/2009 A/IRN/20/2009

A/IRN/9/2009 A/BAR/2/2009 A/BAR/4/2009

A/IRN/4/2008 A/AFG/6/2007

A/AFG/44/2007 A/IRN/5/2009 A/IRN/25/2009 A/IRN/6/2009 A/IRN/3/2009 A/IRN/27/2009 A/IRN/23/2009 A/IRN/24/2009

A/IRN/8/2009 A/IRN/19/2009 A/IRN/18/2009 A/IRN/10/2009 A/IRN/13/2009

A/KUW/3/2009 A/BAR/6/2008 A/BAR/7/2008

A/IRN/11/2009 A/IRN/12/2009

A/IRQ/22/2009 A/IRQ/23/2009

A/KUW/5/2009 A/IRN/16/2009

A/KUW/4/2009 A/KUW/6/2009 A/IRN/2/2009 A/IRQ/15/2009 A/IRN/29/2009 A/IRQ/11/2009 A/IRQ/17/2009 A/IRQ/9/2009 A/IRN/22/2009 A/IRQ/21/2009 A/IRQ/10/2009 A/IRQ/19/2009 A/KUW/1/2009 A/KUW/2/2009 A/IRQ/12/2009 A/IRN/21/2009

A/IRQ/24/2009 A/IRN/28/2009 A/LIB/1/2009 A/LIB/2/2009

A/AFG/7/2007

ASIA

9 8

99

9 9

9 9

9 9

78

9 8

9 5

9 4

8 1

9 9

9 6

9 9

9 2

9 3

7 3

9 9

8 1

IranIran

-- 0505

AS

IA top

otype

AS

IA top

otype

Serotype ASerotype A: A/IRN/09: A/IRN/09

A/IRN/30/2005 A/TUR/324/2007* (FMDI-Ankara)

A/IRN/40/2005 A/IRN/50/2005

A/AFG/130/2004* (EF457980) A/AFG/131/2004* (EF457981)

A/IRN/41/2003 A/IRN/7/2004 (EU414530)

A/PAK/5/2006 A/IRN/38/2007 A/IRN/39/2007

A/IRN/3/2007 A/IRN/15/2007

A/IRN/1/2008 A/IRN/5/2008

A/IRN/4/2009 A/IRN/17/2009

A/IRN/15/2009 A/IRN/26/2009

A/IRN/1/2009 A/IRN/20/2009

A/IRN/9/2009 A/BAR/2/2009 A/BAR/4/2009

A/IRN/4/2008 A/AFG/6/2007

A/AFG/44/2007 A/IRN/5/2009 A/IRN/25/2009 A/IRN/6/2009 A/IRN/3/2009 A/IRN/27/2009 A/IRN/23/2009 A/IRN/24/2009

A/IRN/8/2009 A/IRN/19/2009 A/IRN/18/2009 A/IRN/10/2009 A/IRN/13/2009

A/KUW/3/2009 A/BAR/6/2008 A/BAR/7/2008

A/IRN/11/2009 A/IRN/12/2009

A/IRQ/22/2009 A/IRQ/23/2009

A/KUW/5/2009 A/IRN/16/2009

A/KUW/4/2009 A/KUW/6/2009 A/IRN/2/2009 A/IRQ/15/2009 A/IRN/29/2009 A/IRQ/11/2009 A/IRQ/17/2009 A/IRQ/9/2009 A/IRN/22/2009 A/IRQ/21/2009 A/IRQ/10/2009 A/IRQ/19/2009 A/KUW/1/2009 A/KUW/2/2009 A/IRQ/12/2009 A/IRN/21/2009


A/AFG/7/2007

ASIA

9 8

99

9 9

9 9

9 9

78

9 8

9 5

9 4

8 1

9 9

9 6

9 9

9 2

9 3

7 3

9 9

8 1

A/PAK/5/2006 A/IRN/38/2007 A/IRN/39/2007

A/IRN/3/2007 A/IRN/15/2007

A/IRN/1/2008 A/IRN/5/2008

A/IRN/4/2009 A/IRN/17/2009

A/IRN/15/2009 A/IRN/26/2009

A/IRN/1/2009 A/IRN/20/2009

A/IRN/9/2009 A/BAR/2/2009 A/BAR/4/2009

A/IRN/4/2008 A/AFG/6/2007

A/AFG/44/2007 A/IRN/5/2009

A/IRN/25/2009 A/IRN/6/2009

A/IRN/3/2009 A/IRN/27/2009

A/IRN/23/2009 A/IRN/24/2009

A/IRN/8/2009 A/IRN/19/2009 A/IRN/18/2009

A/IRN/10/2009 A/IRN/13/2009

A/KUW/3/2009 A/BAR/6/2008

A/BAR/7/2008 A/IRN/11/2009 A/IRN/12/2009

A/IRQ/22/2009 A/IRQ/23/2009

A/KUW/5/2009 A/IRN/16/2009

A/KUW/4/2009 A/KUW/6/2009 A/IRN/2/2009 A/IRQ/15/2009 A/IRN/29/2009 A/IRQ/11/2009 A/IRQ/17/2009 A/IRQ/9/2009 A/IRN/22/2009 A/IRQ/21/2009 A/IRQ/10/2009 A/IRQ/19/2009

A/KUW/1/2009 A/KUW/2/2009

A/IRQ/12/2009 A/IRN/21/2009


9 99 9

9 99 2

7 8

9 9

9 5

96

9 3

8 1

9 8

9 4

9 9

IranIran

-- 0505

AS

IA top

otype

AS

IA top

otype

Serotype ASerotype A: A/LEB/09: A/LEB/09


� 7 samples received on 24th of March 2009


� A/LEB/09 related with

A/IRN/09 (99.37% identity)

A/IRQ/09 (99.37% identity)

Serotype ASerotype A: A/LEB/09: A/LEB/09 Serotype ASerotype A: A/TUR/09: A/TUR/09




A/IRN/05ARD-07 sub-lineage (3 samples)

A/IRN/05EZM-07 sub-lineage (1 sample)

� A/TUR/09 related with

A/TUR/08 (98.59% identity)

A/TUR/07 (98.12% identity)

ARD-07

A/TUR/19/2008 A/TUR/5/2007

A/TUR/7/2007 A/TUR/16/2006

A/TUR/25/2007 A/TUR/9/2006 A/TUR/14/2006

A/TUR/8/2006 A/TUR/10/2006

A/TUR/7/2006 A/TUR/17/2006

A/TUR/8/2007 A/TUR/10/2007 A/TUR/18/2006

A/TUR/24/2007 A/JOR/2/2006 A/JOR/3/2006

A/JOR/4/2006 A/TUR/11/2005

A/TUR/4/2006 A/IRN/38/2005 A/IRN/39/2005 A/TUR/6/2006 A/TUR/20/2006

A/TUR/798/2007* (FMDI-Ankara) EZM-07

A/TUR/6/2005 A/TUR/12/2007

A/TUR/7/2005 A/TUR/10/2005 A/TUR/9/2005 A/TUR/12/2005 A/TUR/2/2006 A/TUR/3/2006 A/TUR/1/2006 (EU553878) A/IRN/31/2005

A/TUR/2/2007 A/TUR/241/2006* (FMDI-Ankara) A/TUR/11/2006 A/TUR/19/2006

A/IRN/42/2005 A/IRN/7/2006

A/TUR/12/2006 A/IRN/26/2005

A/IRN/33/2005 A/IRN/16/2005 A/IRN/10/2005 A/IRN/13/2005

A/IRN/14/2005 A/IRN/18/2005

A/IRN/43/2005 A/IRN/29/2005

A/IRN/55/2005 A/IRN/28/2005

A/IRN/54/2005 A/IRN/51/2005 A/IRN/51/2005 (FMDI-Ankara)

A/IRN/5/2005

9 9

9 8

9 8

9 8

99

9 9

7 2

IranIran

-- 0505

AS

IA top

otype

AS

IA top

otype

ARD-07

A/TUR/19/2008 A/TUR/5/2007

A/TUR/7/2007 A/TUR/16/2006

A/TUR/25/2007 A/TUR/9/2006 A/TUR/14/2006

A/TUR/8/2006 A/TUR/10/2006

A/TUR/7/2006 A/TUR/17/2006

A/TUR/8/2007 A/TUR/10/2007 A/TUR/18/2006

A/TUR/24/2007 A/JOR/2/2006 A/JOR/3/2006

A/JOR/4/2006 A/TUR/11/2005

A/TUR/4/2006 A/IRN/38/2005 A/IRN/39/2005 A/TUR/6/2006 A/TUR/20/2006

A/TUR/798/2007* (FMDI-Ankara) EZM-07

A/TUR/6/2005 A/TUR/12/2007

A/TUR/7/2005 A/TUR/10/2005 A/TUR/9/2005 A/TUR/12/2005 A/TUR/2/2006 A/TUR/3/2006 A/TUR/1/2006 (EU553878) A/IRN/31/2005

A/TUR/2/2007 A/TUR/241/2006* (FMDI-Ankara) A/TUR/11/2006 A/TUR/19/2006

A/IRN/42/2005 A/IRN/7/2006

A/TUR/12/2006 A/IRN/26/2005

A/IRN/33/2005 A/IRN/16/2005 A/IRN/10/2005 A/IRN/13/2005

A/IRN/14/2005 A/IRN/18/2005

A/IRN/43/2005 A/IRN/29/2005

A/IRN/55/2005 A/IRN/28/2005

A/IRN/54/2005 A/IRN/51/2005 A/IRN/51/2005 (FMDI-Ankara)

A/IRN/5/2005

9 9

9 8

9 8

9 8

99

9 9

7 2

Serotype ASerotype A: A/TUR/09: A/TUR/09 A/TUR/37/2008

A/Nevsehir/TUR/96/2008* (FMDI-Ankara) A/TUR/28/2008 A/Sivas/TUR/145/2008* (FMDI-Ankara)

A/TUR/32/2008 A/Sivas/TUR/130/2008* (FMDI-Ankara)

A/TUR/1009/2007* (FMDI-Ankara) A/TUR/3/2008 A/TUR/29/2008

A/TUR/13/2008 A/TUR/17/2008

A/Samsun/TUR/100/2008* (FMDI-Ankara) A/TUR/2/2008

A/TUR/7/2009 A/TUR/925/2007* (FMDI-Ankara) A/TUR/981/2007* (FMDI-Ankara)

A/Samsun/TUR/53/2008* (FMDI-Ankara) A/TUR/1018/2007* (FMDI-Ankara) A/TUR/1/2008

A/TUR/12/2008 A/TUR/14/2008 A/TUR/18/2008

A/TUR/23/2008 A/Istanbul/TUR/36/2008* (FMDI-Ankara)

A/TUR/24/2008 A/TUR/22/2008 A/Yozgat/TUR/25/2008* (FMDI-Ankara)

A/TUR/39/2008

ARD-07

A/TUR/19/2008

7 4

9 3

9 9

0.005

A/TUR/20/2006

A/TUR/798/2007* (FMDI-Ankara)

A/TUR/33/2008



A/TUR/40/2008


EZM-07

9 7

9 9

9 8

0.002

IranIran

-- 0505

AS

IA top

otype

AS

IA top

otype

1%

A/ARG/1/2001A/BRA/1/2001

A/URU/1/2001A24/Cruzeiro/BRA/55 [AJ251476]

A5/Allier/FRA/60 [AY593780]A/EGY/1/2006A/EGY/2/2006

A/KEN/15/98 [K62/98]A/KEN/16/98A [K67/98]

A/ETH/7/92A/ETH/23/94


A/UGA/13/66A/SUD/1/82A/K37/84*

A/UGA/20/76A/K35/80*

A/KEN/6/96 [K15/96]A/ERI/3/97

A/ERI/3/98A/K49/84*

A/UGA/1/2002A/GAM/44/98A/SEN/34/97

A/MAI/2/97A/MAU/3/97

A/EGY/1/72A/K5/80*

A/SAU/23/86A/BHU/27/2003A/BHU/41/2002

A/BHU/7/2003A/IND/78/2000* [AF390664]


A/IND/53/2000* [AF390654]A/IND/67/2000* [AF390658]

A/IND/24/2001* [AF390624]A/IND/126/2000* [AF390599]A/IND/128/2000* [AF390600]A/IND/172/2000* [AF390614]A/IND/38/2000* [AF390643]

A/IND/84/2000* [AF390668]A/IRN/33/2004

A/IRN/5/2003A/IRN/9/2003

A/IRQ/2/2002A/IRQ/100/2002A/IRQ/99/2002

A/IRQ/24/2002A/IRQ/59/2002A/IRQ/33/2002

A/IRQ/60/2002A/IRQ/107/2002A/IRQ/108/2002

A/IRN/32/2004A/IRN/17/2005

A/IRN/1/96A/TUR/2/2003

A/TUR/14/2002A/TUR/4/2003

A/SYR/5/2002A/TUR/17/2001

A/IND/17/77* [AF204108]A22/IRQ/24/64 [AJ251474]

A/TAI/118/87* [D]A/MAY/2/2002A/TAI/7/2002

A/TAI/8/2003A/MAY/1/2003A/MAY/3/2003A/MAY/4/2003

A/TAI/11/2003A/TAI/12/2003

A/TAI/10/2003A/TAI/4/2003

A/TAI/7/2003A/TAI/1/2001

A/TAI/2/97A/TAI/3/2001A/TAI/2/2002A/IND/68/2001* [AF390659]

A/IND/7/82 [1980]A/WBN 17/82* [A/IND/490/97*] [AF390652]

A/IND/17/82* [IndImm]A/IRN/87

A/SAU/41/91A/IRN/22/99

A/TUR/5/2003A/IRN/10/2003

A/PAK/28/2002A/PAK/9/2003

A/IRN/32/2001A/IRN/34/2001

A/IRN/2/2002A/IRN/7/2003

A/IRN/41/2003A/IRN/7/2004A/IRN/7/2005

A/SAU/15/2005A/SAU/16/2005A/IRN/4/2005

A/IRN/1/2005A/IRN/2/2005

A/IRN/5/2005A/TUR/2/2006

A/TUR/1/2006A/TUR/3/2006

A/IRN/13/2005A/IRN/10/2005

A/IRN/14/2005A/IRN/18/2005

A/IRN/16/2005

Asia

Euro-SA

Africa

Serotype ASerotype A: A/EGY/06: A/EGY/06A/EGY/06A/EGY/06


� VP1 sequences

� All closely related (max ~ 5% difference)

� >90% identity with

A/KEN/98

A/ETH/92

A/KEN/05

� Spread from East Africa?

• Possible introduction through the trade inlive cattle from Ethiopia (via sea-route)

• Lumpy Skin Disease detected at Egyptian quarantine posts confirms this theory

(2005 LSD outbreak in Ethiopia)

1%

A/ARG/1/2001A/BRA/1/2001

A/URU/1/2001A24/Cruzeiro/BRA/55 [AJ251476]

A5/Allier/FRA/60 [AY593780]A/EGY/1/2006A/EGY/2/2006

A/KEN/15/98 [K62/98]A/KEN/16/98A [K67/98]

A/ETH/7/92A/ETH/23/94


A/UGA/13/66A/SUD/1/82A/K37/84*

A/UGA/20/76A/K35/80*

A/KEN/6/96 [K15/96]A/ERI/3/97

A/ERI/3/98A/K49/84*

A/UGA/1/2002A/GAM/44/98A/SEN/34/97

A/MAI/2/97A/MAU/3/97

A/EGY/1/72A/K5/80*

A/SAU/23/86A/BHU/27/2003A/BHU/41/2002

A/BHU/7/2003A/IND/78/2000* [AF390664]


A/IND/53/2000* [AF390654]A/IND/67/2000* [AF390658]

A/IND/24/2001* [AF390624]A/IND/126/2000* [AF390599]A/IND/128/2000* [AF390600]A/IND/172/2000* [AF390614]A/IND/38/2000* [AF390643]

A/IND/84/2000* [AF390668]A/IRN/33/2004

A/IRN/5/2003A/IRN/9/2003

A/IRQ/2/2002A/IRQ/100/2002A/IRQ/99/2002

A/IRQ/24/2002A/IRQ/59/2002A/IRQ/33/2002

A/IRQ/60/2002A/IRQ/107/2002A/IRQ/108/2002

A/IRN/32/2004A/IRN/17/2005

A/IRN/1/96A/TUR/2/2003

A/TUR/14/2002A/TUR/4/2003

A/SYR/5/2002A/TUR/17/2001

A/IND/17/77* [AF204108]A22/IRQ/24/64 [AJ251474]

A/TAI/118/87* [D]A/MAY/2/2002A/TAI/7/2002

A/TAI/8/2003A/MAY/1/2003A/MAY/3/2003A/MAY/4/2003

A/TAI/11/2003A/TAI/12/2003

A/TAI/10/2003A/TAI/4/2003

A/TAI/7/2003A/TAI/1/2001

A/TAI/2/97A/TAI/3/2001A/TAI/2/2002A/IND/68/2001* [AF390659]

A/IND/7/82 [1980]A/WBN 17/82* [A/IND/490/97*] [AF390652]

A/IND/17/82* [IndImm]A/IRN/87

A/SAU/41/91A/IRN/22/99

A/TUR/5/2003A/IRN/10/2003

A/PAK/28/2002A/PAK/9/2003

A/IRN/32/2001A/IRN/34/2001

A/IRN/2/2002A/IRN/7/2003

A/IRN/41/2003A/IRN/7/2004A/IRN/7/2005

A/SAU/15/2005A/SAU/16/2005A/IRN/4/2005

A/IRN/1/2005A/IRN/2/2005

A/IRN/5/2005A/TUR/2/2006

A/TUR/1/2006A/TUR/3/2006

A/IRN/13/2005A/IRN/10/2005

A/IRN/14/2005A/IRN/18/2005

A/IRN/16/2005

Asia

Euro-SA

Africa

Serotype ASerotype A: A/EGY/06: A/EGY/06A/EGY/06A/EGY/06

�� TOT of 34 outbreaks34 outbreaks

�� 96.7%96.7% cases in cattle

�� Mortality rate

3.8%3.8% cattle (425 mainly calves)

3.0%3.0% buffalo (12)

�� No events reported before Jul 06Jul 06

Bivalent vaccine releasedBivalent vaccine released(O1 + A/EGY/06)(O1 + A/EGY/06)

A/EGY/06 outbreaks timeA/EGY/06 outbreaks time--lineline

IsmailiaIsmailia

Jan 2006Jan 2006

AlexandriaAlexandria

Feb 2006Feb 2006

BeheraBehera

Feb 2006Feb 2006

CairoCairo

Feb 2006Feb 2006

DakahilaDakahila

Feb 2006Feb 2006DumyatDumyat

Feb 2006Feb 2006

FayumFayum

Feb 2006Feb 2006

MenofiaMenofia

Feb 2006Feb 2006

KalubiaKalubia

Apr 2006Apr 2006

A/EGY/1/2006 (EF208757) A/EGY/2/2006 (EF208758)

A/EGY/4/2006 (EF208760) A/EGY/3/2006 (EF208759) A/EGY/5/2006 (EF208761)

A/EGY/3/2009 A/EGY/7/2009 A/EGY/9/2009

A/KEN/29/2005 (EF208773) A/ETH/9/2008

A/ETH/4/2007 A/ETH/7/2008 A/ETH/8/2008

A/KEN/15/98 (EF208774) A/KEN/16/98A (EF208775) A/ETH/23/94 (EF208767)

A/ETH/7/92 (EF208765) A/ETH/1/94 (EF208766)

A/KEN/12/2005 (K44/2005) A/KEN/3/2006

A/KEN/7/2008 A/KEN/8/2008

A/EGY/1/72 (EF208756) A21/Lumbwa/KEN/64 (AY593761)

A/CAR/15/2000 (EF208755) A/SUD/1/2006

A/SUD/3/2006 A/GAM/44/98 (EF208768) A/MAI/2/97 (EF208776)

AFRICA

A15/Bangkok/TAI/60 (AY593755) A/ARG/2000 (AY593782)

A/Trenquelauquen/ARG/2001 (AY593786) A24/Cruzeiro/BRA/55 (AJ251476)

A5/Allier/FRA/60 (AY593780) A10/HOL/42 (M20715)

A12/UK/119/32 (AY593752)

EURO-SA

A23/Kitale/KEN/64 (AY593766) A/IRN/1/96 (EF208771)

A/TAI/118/87* (EF208777) A/TAI/2/97 (EF208778)

A/IND/17/77* (AF204108) A22/IRQ/24/64 (AJ251474)

A/IRN/2/87 (EF208770) A/IRN/1/2005 (EF208769)

A/IRN/22/99 (EF208772)

ASIA

1 0 0

1 0 0

1 0 0

1 0 0

9 9

1 0 0

9 9

9 5

9 9

7 5

7 2

1 0 0

1 0 0

1 0 0

9 8

1 0 0

1 0 0

8 5

9 5

7 5 7 8

9 0

9 5

0.02

Serotype ASerotype A: A/EGY/09: A/EGY/09


� VP1 sequences

� Close related to A/EGY/06 (95.5% identity)

�� Change in 4 aminoacids

VP1 B-C loop (site 3)

VP1 G-H loop (site 1)

� Persistence of African type A virus

spread in 2006 and evolved until 2009

�� Started on 22/01/09 (O)22/01/09 (O)

26/01/09 (A)26/01/09 (A)

�� 2 serotype2 serotype involved in

2 different location

� 369 cases369 cases reported (3/03)

A/EGY/09 outbreak timeA/EGY/09 outbreak time--lineline

Serotype O

Serotype A

DamanhourDamanhour

Jan 2009Jan 2009

Abo HamadAbo Hamad

Feb 2009Feb 2009

Menea ElkhamMenea Elkham

Jan 2009Jan 2009

ElEl--HarakyHaraky farm cases timefarm cases time--plot analysisplot analysis�� 1529 animals / 363 cases (23.74% 23.74% ARAR)

� 175 cases only in Dairy Cows (12.14% 12.14% II) before 14/03

� 188 cases in all animals (17.72% 17.72% II) after 14/03, but only few new cases in DC

A/EGY/09 outbreak timeA/EGY/09 outbreak time--linelineO/ IRN/60/2006

O/IRN/64/2006O/UAE/1/2007O/UAE/2/2007

O/IRN/59/2006O/IRN/47/2006O/IRN/58/2006

O/ IRN/26/2007O/IRN/44/2006

O/IRN/28/2006O/IRN/42/2006

O/IRN/24/2006O/IRN/30/2006

O/IRN/16/2006O/IRN/27/2006

O/IRN/31/2006O/ IRN/17/2006

O/TUR/731/2007* (FMDI-Ankara)O/IRN/18/2006O/IRN/21/2006

O/IRN/26/2006O/ IRN/61/2006O/IRN/28/2007O/IRN/29/2007

O/IRN/19/20 06O/IRN/14/2006O/IRN/34/2007

O/IRN/12/2006O/ IRN/13/2006

O/IRN/46/2006O/IRN/10/20 06O/IRN/8/200 6O/IRN/9/200 6

O/ IRN/23/2006O/IRN/34/2006

O/IRN/20/20 06O/TUR/18/2007

O/TUR/30/2007O/IRN/39/2006

O/TUR/14/2007O/ IRN/30/2007

O/ IRN/51/2006O/IRN/38/2006O/TUR/15/2007O/TUR/23/2007

O/TUR/16/2007O/SAU/1/2007O/SAU/4/2007O/JOR/7/2006

O/JOR/5/2006O/ ISR/1/2007

O/ISR/3/2007O/ISR/5/2007

O/ ISR/9/2007O/ ISR/7/2007

O/JOR/6/2006O/TUR/4/2007

O/TUR/1/2007O/ TUR/3/2007

O/ TUR/28/2007O/ TUR/29/2007

O/TUR/285/2007* (FMDI-Ankara)O/ IRN/32/2006

O/ IRN/35/2006O/IRN/33/2007

O/IRN/48/2006O/ IRN/48/2006-ring trial (FMDI-Ankara)

O/IRN/49/2006O/IRN/15/2006O/IRN/37/2006

O/IRN/55/2006

O/ IRN/60/2006O/IRN/64/2006

O/UAE/1/2007O/UAE/2/2007

O/IRN/59/2006O/IRN/47/2006O/IRN/58/2006

O/ IRN/26/2007O/IRN/44/2006

O/IRN/28/2006O/IRN/42/2006

O/IRN/24/2006O/IRN/30/2006

O/IRN/16/2006O/IRN/27/2006

O/IRN/31/2006O/ IRN/17/2006

O/TUR/731/2007* (FMDI-Ankara)O/IRN/18/2006O/IRN/21/2006

O/IRN/26/2006O/ IRN/61/2006O/IRN/28/2007O/IRN/29/2007

O/IRN/19/20 06O/IRN/14/2006O/IRN/34/2007

O/IRN/12/2006O/ IRN/13/2006

O/IRN/46/2006O/IRN/10/20 06O/IRN/8/200 6O/IRN/9/200 6

O/ IRN/23/2006O/IRN/34/2006

O/IRN/20/20 06O/TUR/18/2007

O/TUR/30/2007O/IRN/39/2006

O/TUR/14/2007O/ IRN/30/2007

O/ IRN/51/2006O/IRN/38/2006O/TUR/15/2007O/TUR/23/2007

O/TUR/16/2007O/SAU/1/2007O/SAU/4/2007O/JOR/7/2006

O/JOR/5/2006O/ ISR/1/2007

O/ISR/3/2007O/ISR/5/2007

O/ ISR/9/2007O/ ISR/7/2007

O/JOR/6/2006O/TUR/4/2007

O/TUR/1/2007O/ TUR/3/2007

O/ TUR/28/2007O/ TUR/29/2007

O/TUR/285/2007* (FMDI-Ankara)O/ IRN/32/2006

O/ IRN/35/2006O/IRN/33/2007

O/IRN/48/2006O/ IRN/48/2006-ring trial (FMDI-Ankara)

O/IRN/49/2006O/IRN/15/2006O/IRN/37/2006

O/IRN/55/2006O/TUR/27/2007O/TUR/600/2007* (FMDI-Ankara)

O/TUR/6/2007O/IRN/33/2006O/TUR/9/2007O/TUR/20/2007

O/ TUR/11/2007O/TUR/1423/2006* (FMDI-Ankara)

O/TUR/13/ 2007O/ IRN/52/2006

O/IRN/56/2006O/IRN/45/2006

O/IRN/29/2006O/IRN/43/2006O/IRN/11/2006O/ IRN/50/2006O/IRN/53/2006

O/KAZ/2007 (ARRIAH)O/PAK/4/2006O/PAK/8/2006

O/PAK/1 1/2006O/IRN/25/2006

O/AFG/34/2007O/A FG/36/2007

O/IRN/22/2006O/AFG/29/2007

O/AFG/42/2007O/ IRN/27/2007

O/IRN/31/2007O/IRN/32/2007

O/MAY/6/2003 (DQ165058)O/MAY/7/2003

O/MAY/3/20 04O/MAY/2/2004

O/MAY/4/2005O/MAY/7/2005

O/NEP/4/2003 (DQ165059)O/BHU/48/2003

O/BHU/49/2003 (DQ164867)O/NEP/5/2003 (DQ165060)

O/NEP/6/2003 (DQ165061)O/NEP/2/2003

O/IRN/8/200 5O/IRN/21/2005

O/IRN/9/2005O/IRN/23/2005O/ IRN/12/2005

O/PAK/9/2005O/PAK/13/2005O/BHU/33/2004 (DQ165046)

O/BHU/39/2004 (DQ164870)O/BHU/30/2004 (DQ16504 5)O/BHU/26/2004 (DQ165043)

O/BHU/28/2004 (DQ165 044)O/BHU/18/2007O/BHU/11/2007O/BHU/12/2007

O/ IND/151/01* (IVRI)

99

99

99

99

9996

99

97

99

73

78

93

73

93

91

97

99

99

99

75

98

76

89

97

93

84

79

74

90

79

PanAsia IIPanAsia II

PanAsiaPanAsia

Serotype OSerotype O: PanAsia II: PanAsia II


� First recorded in 2003 in India (Hemadri et al., 2008)

� VP1 sequences

� All closely related to each other (max ~ 5% difference)

� Within ME-SA topotype

� Distinct from earlier PanAsia lineage

� Spread to the East?

2007-08 samples from Bhutan sequenced

PanAsia-2 lineage in 7 isolates

PanAsia II isolates (2006PanAsia II isolates (2006--09)09)

Iran (2006-09)

Israel (2007)

Saudi Arabia (2007-08)

Turkey (2007-09)

UAE (2007-09)

Pakistan (2007-08)

Bahrain (2008)

Kuwait (2008)

Egypt (2007)

Bhutan (2007-08)

Malaysia (since 2003)

PanAsia II outbreaks timePanAsia II outbreaks time--linelineJanJan

20072007--0909

Summer Summer

20072007SummerSummer

2007 & 20082007 & 2008

JanJan

20082008

JanJan

2007 & 20082007 & 2008SummerSummer

2007 & 20082007 & 2008

Late 2006Late 2006

EarlyEarly--mid 2007mid 2007 EarlyEarly--mid 2006mid 2006

& 2007, 2009& 2007, 2009

Jan Jan

20072007

Serotype OSerotype O: O/IRN/09: O/IRN/09


� 2 samples received on 26th of February 2009

� PanAsia-2 strain have been sequenced from isolates

� O/IRN/09 related with

O/IRN/07 (98.44% identity)

O/PAK/07 (98.44% identity)

O/PAK/06 (98.44% identity)

O/IRN/56/2006 O/IRN/50/2006 O/IRN/53/2006

O/IRN/11/2006 O/IRN/29/2006 O/IRN/43/2006

O/IRN/45/2006

PAK 2007 O/AFG/29/2007

O/AFG/42/2007 O/IRN/22/2006

O/PAK/4/2006 O/PAK/8/2006

O/PAK/11/2006 O/IRN/25/2006

O/AFG/34/2007 O/AFG/36/2007

O/PAK/20/2007 O/PAK/5/2007

O/PAK/31/2007

PAK 2007; IRN 2007; BAR, KUW, SAU 2008

PAK 2007-8 O/PAK/48/2007

MAY 2003-5 IRN 2005

O/IND/136/01* (PD-FMD) PAK 2007-8

BHU 2007 O/PAK/32/2007

O/PAK/34/2007 O/PAK/33/2007

O/PAK/66/2007 (A)(FJ798184) O/IRN/14/2009

O/IRN/7/2009 O/PAK/21/2007 O/PAK/56/2007 (FJ798180) O/PAK/15/2007 O/PAK/7/2007 O/PAK/8/2007 O/PAK/63/2007 (FJ798183) O/PAK/60/2007 (FJ798181) O/PAK/61/2007 (FJ798182)

SAU 2005; KUW 2006

ISR 2005-6; TUR 2005 O/IND/53/79 (AF292107)

O/IND/R2/75* (AF204276) O1/Manisa/TUR/69 (AJ251477)

O/ISR/2/88 (DQ164899) CATHAY EURO-SA

1 0 0

9 9

1 0 0

1 0 0

9 9

7 48 6

9 8

1 0 0

1 0 0

7 8

1 0 0

9 9

9 5

9 9

9 9

9 9

9 9

9 0

7 7

8 0

7 4

0.02

Pan

Asia

Pan

Asia

-- 22

Serotype OSerotype O: O/IRN/09: O/IRN/09

O/IRN/56/2006 O/IRN/50/2006 O/IRN/53/2006

O/IRN/11/2006 O/IRN/29/2006 O/IRN/43/2006

O/IRN/45/2006

PAK 2007 O/AFG/29/2007

O/AFG/42/2007 O/IRN/22/2006

O/PAK/4/2006 O/PAK/8/2006

O/PAK/11/2006 O/IRN/25/2006

O/AFG/34/2007 O/AFG/36/2007

O/PAK/20/2007 O/PAK/5/2007

O/PAK/31/2007

PAK 2007; IRN 2007; BAR, KUW, SAU 2008

PAK 2007-8 O/PAK/48/2007

MAY 2003-5 IRN 2005

O/IND/136/01* (PD-FMD) PAK 2007-8

BHU 2007 O/PAK/32/2007

O/PAK/34/2007 O/PAK/33/2007

O/PAK/66/2007 (A)(FJ798184) O/IRN/14/2009

O/IRN/7/2009 O/PAK/21/2007 O/PAK/56/2007 (FJ798180) O/PAK/15/2007 O/PAK/7/2007 O/PAK/8/2007 O/PAK/63/2007 (FJ798183) O/PAK/60/2007 (FJ798181) O/PAK/61/2007 (FJ798182)

SAU 2005; KUW 2006

ISR 2005-6; TUR 2005 O/IND/53/79 (AF292107)

O/IND/R2/75* (AF204276) O1/Manisa/TUR/69 (AJ251477)

O/ISR/2/88 (DQ164899) CATHAY EURO-SA

1 0 0

9 9

1 0 0

1 0 0

9 9

7 48 6

9 8

1 0 0

1 0 0

7 8

1 0 0

9 9

9 5

9 9

9 9

9 9

9 9

9 0

7 7

8 0

7 4

0.02

O/PAK/32/2007 O/PAK/34/2007

O/PAK/33/2007 O/PAK/66/2007 (A)(FJ798184)

O/IRN/14/2009 O/IRN/7/2009

O/PAK/21/2007 O/PAK/56/2007 (FJ798180) O/PAK/15/2007

O/PAK/7/2007 O/PAK/8/2007

O/PAK/63/2007 (FJ798183) O/PAK/60/2007 (FJ798181) O/PAK/61/2007 (FJ798182)

1 0 0

7 4

8 6

7 8

0.002

Pan

Asia

Pan

Asia

-- 22

Serotype OSerotype O: O/TUR/09: O/TUR/09



� PanAsia-2 strain have been sequenced from isolates

� O/TUR/09 related with

O/PAK 23.1 8 (97.93% identity)

O/IRN/07 (97.81% identity)

O/TUR/30/2008 O/Bursa/TUR/126/2008* (FMDI)

O/IRN/39/2006 O/TUR/14/2007

O/IRN/30/2007 O/KUW/9/2008

O/IRN/51/2006 O/IRN/38/2006 O/TUR/15/2007 O/TUR/23/2007

O/TUR/16/2007 SAU 2007 O/JOR/7/2006 (FJ561318)

O/Balikesir/TUR/1/2008* (FMDI) O/JOR/5/2006

O/ISR/1/2007 (FJ561312) O/ISR/3/2007 (FJ561313)

ISR 2007 JOR 2006; TUR 2007

O/Kirsehir/TUR/1032/2007* (FMDI) O/TUR/16/2008

O/TUR/9/2008 O/TUR/10/2008

O/IRN/32/2006 O/IRN/35/2006

O/TUR/4/2009 O/TUR/5/2009

O/TUR/36/2008 O/TUR/6/2009 O/TUR/35/2008

O/TUR/38/2008 O/TUR/313/2008* (FMDI)

O/TUR/2/2009 O/TUR/3/2009 O/TUR/257/2008* (FMDI)

O/IRN/33/2007 O/IRN/48/2006 O/IRN/49/2006

O/IRN/55/2006 O/IRN/37/2006

O/IRN/15/2006 O/TUR/5/2008

O/TUR/9/2007 O/Kutahya/TUR/19/2008* (FMDI)

O/TUR/27/2007 O/TUR/600/2007* (FMDI) O/TUR/6/2007

O/IRN/33/2006 O/TUR/20/2007

O/TUR/11/2007 O/TUR/1423/2006* (FMDI)

O/TUR/13/2007 O/IRN/52/2006

O/IRN/56/2006 O/IRN/50/2006 O/IRN/53/2006

O/IRN/11/2006 O/IRN/29/2006 O/IRN/43/2006

PanAsia-2

8 6

7 5

1 0 0

7 01 0 0

8 7

7 4

9 4

7 5

9 7

9 2

8 4

7 2

8 1

Serotype OSerotype O: O/TUR/09: O/TUR/09

O/TUR/30/2008 O/Bursa/TUR/126/2008* (FMDI)

O/IRN/39/2006 O/TUR/14/2007

O/IRN/30/2007 O/KUW/9/2008

O/IRN/51/2006 O/IRN/38/2006 O/TUR/15/2007 O/TUR/23/2007

O/TUR/16/2007 SAU 2007 O/JOR/7/2006 (FJ561318)

O/Balikesir/TUR/1/2008* (FMDI) O/JOR/5/2006

O/ISR/1/2007 (FJ561312) O/ISR/3/2007 (FJ561313)

ISR 2007 JOR 2006; TUR 2007

O/Kirsehir/TUR/1032/2007* (FMDI) O/TUR/16/2008

O/TUR/9/2008 O/TUR/10/2008

O/IRN/32/2006 O/IRN/35/2006

O/TUR/4/2009 O/TUR/5/2009

O/TUR/36/2008 O/TUR/6/2009 O/TUR/35/2008

O/TUR/38/2008 O/TUR/313/2008* (FMDI)

O/TUR/2/2009 O/TUR/3/2009 O/TUR/257/2008* (FMDI)

O/IRN/33/2007 O/IRN/48/2006 O/IRN/49/2006

O/IRN/55/2006 O/IRN/37/2006

O/IRN/15/2006 O/TUR/5/2008

O/TUR/9/2007 O/Kutahya/TUR/19/2008* (FMDI)

O/TUR/27/2007 O/TUR/600/2007* (FMDI) O/TUR/6/2007

O/IRN/33/2006 O/TUR/20/2007

O/TUR/11/2007 O/TUR/1423/2006* (FMDI)

O/TUR/13/2007 O/IRN/52/2006

O/IRN/56/2006 O/IRN/50/2006 O/IRN/53/2006

O/IRN/11/2006 O/IRN/29/2006 O/IRN/43/2006

PanAsia-2

8 6

7 5

1 0 0

7 01 0 0

8 7

7 4

9 4

7 5

9 7

9 2

8 4

7 2

8 1

O/TUR/4/2009 O/TUR/5/2009

O/TUR/36/2008 O/TUR/6/2009 O/TUR/35/2008

O/TUR/38/2008 O/TUR/313/2008* (FMDI)

O/TUR/2/2009 O/TUR/3/2009

O/TUR/257/2008* (FMDI) O/IRN/33/2007

7 5

8 6

1 0 0

0.002

Risk MapsRisk Maps

A/EGY/06 PanAsia IIA/IRN/05

EuropeEurope

Gulf StatesGulf States

continuing...continuing...

NewNew

introductionsintroductions

North North

AfricaAfrica

RussiaRussia

ChinaChina

VietnamVietnam

LaosLaos

Vaccine recommendationsVaccine recommendations

FIELD ISOLATE VACCINE STRAIN

A22 IRQ A TUR 06 A IRN 96 A IRN 99

A/IRN/36/07 0.21 0.39 0.14 0.23

A/IRN/39/07 0.13 0.69 0.14 0.30

A/IRN1/08 0.15 0.74

A/TUR/6/08 >0.83

A/TUR/7/08 0.12 >0.97 0.07 0.14

A/TUR/8/08 >1.0

A/TUR/11/08 0.12 0.91 0.12 0.16

� A/IRN/05 and PanAsia II still present a significant threat for further spread

� Matching tests reveal gaps in cover (especially vs. Serotype A)

• A-Iran-05 from Turkeypoor matches to the A22 IRQ vaccine strain

• A-Iran-05 from Iranpoor matches to the A/IRN/96 and A/IRN/99

� Despite of poor matching, high potency vaccine can get protection

(A22/IRQ24/64, A/IRN/96 and A/IRN/99 with PD50 24 or >32) (Brehm et al., 2008)

Vaccine recommendationsVaccine recommendations

� Ag variability of serotype O viruses is less than other serotypes

� O1 Manisa has been recommended for many years as a suitable vaccine vs.

viruses of ME-SA topotype

� r1 = 0.64 (2005-08 average value for 45 viruses)

� Challenge of cattle by inoculation with O/IRN/34/06

r1 = 0.64

3.5 PD50 (45-220% known variability, 1.6-7.7 PD50 most likely range)

FIELD ISOLATE VACCINE STRAIN

O1 Manisa

O/IRN/34/06 0.64

DiscussionDiscussion� AA--IranIran--0505

• presents in most of the Middle East countries (wide-spread)

• emergence have many parallels to that of the A22 strains

• poor vaccine matching (r1 <0.3 for A22, A/IRN/96, and A/IRN/99)

• A/IRN/05ARD-07 and A/IRN/05EZM-07 sub-lineages predominant in Turkey

Possible threat for European countries?

� PanAsiaPanAsia--22• presents in most of the Middle East countries (wide-spread)

• emergence have many parallels to that of the PanAsia strains

• O1 Manisa is still recommended in controlling FMD outbreaks

• Potential threat for other countries of Europe, Asia?

� A/EGY/06A/EGY/06• as warning that virus circulating in Africa is mostly unrecognised since closely

related viruses had not been received by FAO/OIE reference laboratories

for long time

• 2009 outbreak – virus has persisted and evolved in Egypt

• Posing a threat for out of Africa escape?

What do we need?What do we need?

� More information on

• Outbreaks Outbreaks (incidence/prevalence data)

• Animal movementsAnimal movements

• Wildlife reservoirsWildlife reservoirs

•• Vaccine usage + efficacyVaccine usage + efficacy

� More samples from

• Domestic animalsDomestic animals

• WildlifeWildlife

� A better understanding of FMD epidemiology

� Regional roadmap aimed at disease control and eradication

� Active collaboration!!!

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

• Nick J. Knowles (IAH)Nick J. Knowles (IAH)

•• Don P. King (IAH)Don P. King (IAH)

•• Nigel P. Ferris (IAH)Nigel P. Ferris (IAH)

•• David J. Paton (IAH)David J. Paton (IAH)

•• Jef M. Hammond (IAH)Jef M. Hammond (IAH)

•• Keith Sumption (FAO) Keith Sumption (FAO)

Funding: Funding: FAO and DEFRA, UKFAO and DEFRA, UK

fmd virus fmdv genome - | rr- · pdf filea/irn/16/2005 a iran 96 a iran 99 a iran 05 asia...

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