f.ngh.j. (c.ju)g; gupl;ir njhopdl;gtpay; ghlj;jiw - doenets.lk for technology answers guide... · 5...
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f.ngh.j. (c.ju)g; guPl;ir
njhopDl;gtpay; ghlj;Jiw
67 - njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhdk;
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhf
jahupf;fg;gl;l khjpup tpdhf;fSf;Fupa
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
CurriculumAssessment
&Evaluation
Teaching LearningN E T S
Ma;T mgptpUj;jpf; fpis>
Njrpa kjpg;gPl;bw;Fk; guPl;rpj;jYf;Fkhd Nrit>
,yq;ifg; guPl;irj; jpizf;fsk;.
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
f.ngh.j. (c.ju) njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhdk;
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhf jahupf;fg;gl;l khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
gj;jpuk; I
tpdh tpil tpdh tpil
,yf;fk; ,yf;fk;
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2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
2f.ngh.j. (c.ju) njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhdk;
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhf
jahupf;fg;gl;l khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
gj;jpuk; IIgFjp A - mikg;Gf; fl;Liu
1A (i) P - KjYU
Q - gpwg;Gupikg; nghUs; R - gpsh];kpl;L
S - fyr; Rtu; T - KjYU nkd;rt;T (2 x 5 = 10 Gs;spfs;) (ii) nfhf;fR
Nfhf;Nfhgrpyrp
tpg;upNah
grpyR
,Rg;igupy;yk; (2 x 3 = 06 Gs;spfs;)
,Rg;igNuhf;fPw;W
(iii) ^1& Micobacterium spp ^2& Escherichia coli ^3& Clostridium spp ^4& Lactobacillus spp ^2 ‹ 4 = 08 Gs;spfs;&
(iv) ^1& [PNdhk; fUtkpyj;ijg; gpupj;njLj;jy;.
^2& [PNdhk; ,dJ Njitahd gFjpia ntl;bnaLj;jy;> mjw;fhf vd;Nlh epA+f;fpspNaR nehjpak;
gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.
^3& ntl;bnaLj;j DNA gFjpia ,dq;fz;L Ntwhf;fpf; n[yp kpd; mad; (Gele lectrophor†is) %yk;
nra;ag;gLk;.
^4& kPs;Nru;f;if DNA njhopDl;gk; %yk; gpwpNjhu; mq;fpapd; rPNdhk; ,idg; GFj;jy;. ^2 ‹ 4 = 08 Gs;spfs;&
B i) A ^02 Gs;spfs;& ii) B ^02 Gs;spfs;& iii) FSf;NfhR ^05 Gs;spfs;&
iv) B ^05 Gs;spfs;& v) nrYNyhir cilg;gjw;F Njitahd nehjpaq;fs; ,y;yhik.$ β -1, 4 fpisf;Nfhrpbf;
gpizg;Gf;fis cilg;gjw;F Njitahd nehjpaq;fs; ,y;yhik. ^05 Gs;spfs;&
vi) ÷ fljhrpf; ifj;njhopy; $ ehu; ÷ Glitf; ifj;njhopy;> kUe;Jf; ifj;njhopy; Nghd;w rupahd xU tpilf;F ^10 Gs;spfs;& vii) ÷ ntg;gepiy
÷ pH ngWkhdk; ÷ khg;nghUl; nrwpT ÷ nehjpar; nrwpT ^15 Gs;spfs;& viii) ÷ Ngf;fup cw;gj;jpfs;
÷ kJrhu cw;gj;jp$ itd; cw;gj;jp Nghd;w rupahd xU tpilf;F
÷ Nahfl; cw;gj;jp ^15 Gs;spfs;&
3
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
C i) ÷ Y - epuk;gpa nfhOg;gkpyk; ^02 Gs;spfs;& ÷ Z - epuk;ghj nfhOg;gkpyk; ^02 Gs;spfs;& ÷ X - fpsprNuhy; ^02 Gs;spfs;&
ii) khfupd; ^03 Gs;spfs;&
^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 100&
02. ^⁄& (a) jpwe;j njhFjp ^05 Gs;spfs;&
(b) Nkw;fhTif $ fjpu;g;G ^05 Gs;spfs;&
^⁄⁄&(a) 3A + B → A3B / 3A (l) + B(l) → A3B(l) ^05 Gs;spfs;&
(b) Gwntg;gj;jhf;fkhf ,Uj;jy;. ^05 Gs;spfs;&
(c) (i) d A[ ]dt
^10 Gs;spfs;&
(ii) − 13
d A[ ]dt
^10 Gs;spfs;&
(d) 0.18 mol L−1
60×60( )min× 1
3 = − 1
3 d A[ ]dt
^10 Gs;spfs;&
A3B Njhd;Wk; tPjk; = 13
× 0.18 mol L−1
60×60( )min
= 1.66 × 10−6 mol L−1 min−1
(e) Cf;fpfs;> ntg;gepiyia mjpfupj;jy; $ntg;gNkw;wy; ^05 Gs;spfs;&
(iii) (a), (b)
ntg;gepiy˚C
Neuk; (t)
jputk;
jpz;kk;
jpz;k-jputk;80 ˚C
60 ˚C 30 ˚C
^30 Gs;spfs;&
(c) jpz;k A3B - Fiwthd ngWkhdk;
jpz;k - jput A3B - G+r;rpag; ngWkhdk; jput A3B - cau;thd ngWkhdk;
^15 Gs;spfs;&^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 100&
4
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
03' ^⁄& cl;lhilfs;/ cs; jhilfs; ^05 Gs;spfs;& ^⁄⁄& ^a& 0.4 mm ^05 Gs;spfs;& ^b& fopj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ^05 Gs;spfs;&
^⁄⁄⁄& 14.5+14.3+14.4( )3
− 0.4 = 14.0 mm ^10 Gs;spfs;&
^⁄¤& ^a& gpd;d tO = ,opT mstPL
mstPL= 0.1 mm
3.2 mm= 0.03 ^10 Gs;spfs;&
^b& rjtPj tO = 0.03×100 = 3 % ^10 Gs;spfs;&
^¤& Ez;khdpj; jpUFf; fzpr;rp
^mjd; rjtPj tO = 0.013.2
×100 = 0.3 % ^10 Gs;spfs;&
^¤⁄& V = a2 −π d2⎛⎝⎜⎞⎠⎟
2⎧⎨⎩
⎫⎬⎭t ^15 Gs;spfs;&
^¤⁄⁄& ^a& jpzpT ^05 Gs;spfs;& ^b& Kj;Jyhj; juhR$ ,yj;jpudpay; juhR ^05 Gs;spfs;&
^c& ρ = x
a2 − πd2
4⎛
⎝⎜
⎞
⎠⎟t ^10 Gs;spfs;&
^¤⁄⁄⁄& cNyhfj;Jz;Lld;> mlu;j;jp Fiwthd NtW cNyhfnkhd;W fye;jpUj;jy;$ cNyhfj;Jz;L nghs;shf ,Uj;jy;/ cNyhfj;Jz;by; Fopfs; ,Uj;jy;
^10 Gs;spfs;&^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 100&
5
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
04' ^a& ^i&
Gs;sp toq;Ftjw;Fg;
NghJkhdJ
30°30°P
T TQ
R
m g
←⎯⎯
TT
^10 Gs;spfs;&
^ii& jPuhe;jpapd; epiw = 5000N rkepiyahff; fhzg;gLtjhy; BC tlj;jpd; ,Otpir = 5000N ^10 Gs;spfs;&
^iii& PQR tlj;jpd; ,Otpir T Mapd;
2T cos60 = 5000N T = 5000 N ^15 Gs;spfs;&
^b& ^i& Y ʹ′Y ^10 Gs;spfs;& ^ii& cr;r ,Otpir ʹ′T Mapd; Y ʹ′Y mr;irg; gw;wpa jpUg;gj;ijf; fUJtjhy;
ʹ′T ×10+ 20000×5= 2×105 ×2.5
T = 5×105 −105
10 = 40000 N ^15 Gs;spfs;&
^iii& Jf;fj;jf;f cr;r jPuhe;jpfspd; vz;zpf;if n Mapd;>
5000×n = 40000
n = 8 ^10 Gs;spfs;&
^iv& Nkhl;lhu; thfdj;jpd; cWjpepiyiag; NgZjy; my;yJ
lau;fspd; kPJ mjpf mKf;fk; gpuNahfpf;fg;gLtijj; jtpu;j;jy; my;yJ> thfdk;> epyj;Jld; ,ize;J fhzg;gLk; jhq;fpapd; mbg;gFjpapidg;
ngupjhf;Fjy; ^05 Gs;spfs;&
^c& ^i& Nkhl;lhu; thfdk; ngWk; mOj;jr;rf;jp = 2000×10× 4 = 80 kJ ghue;Jf;fp (Crane) nra;aNtz;ba Ntiy = 80 kJ ^10 Gs;spfs;& ^ii& fg;gpapd; Row;rpf;F vjpuhf Vw;gLk; cuha;T KWf;fj;Jf;F vjpuhf Ntiy
nra;tjw;Fk;> ntg;gkhfTk; rf;jp tpuakhFk;. ^05 Gs;spfs;&
^iii& KWf;fk; tlj;jpd; ,Otpir ‹ cUisapd; Miu Fr =mgr( ) = 2000×10×0.5 =10000 Nm ^10 Gs;spfs;&
^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 100&
6
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
B gFjp - fl;Liu
05' ^⁄& Mfhuk; = 35 ^05 Gs;spfs;& Gs;spj;njhlu; - VWtupirg;gb 10, 15, 20, 35, 35, 40, 50, 60, 65, 70
,ilak; = 35+ 40 2
,ilak; = 37.5
,il = 10 + 15 + 20 + 35 + 35 + 40 + 50 + 60 + 65 + 70 10 = 400 10
= 40
^05 Gs;spfs;&
^05 Gs;spfs;&
^⁄⁄& Kjyhk; fhyizapd; mikT = n+14
= 114
= 2.75 ^05 Gs;spfs;&
Kjyhk; fhyiz Q1 = 15+ 3420−15( )
= 15 + 3.75
= 18.75 ^10 Gs;spfs;&
,uz;lhk; fhyizapd; mikT = n+12
= 112
= 5.5 ^05 Gs;spfs;&
,uz;lhk; fhyiz Q2 = 35+ 1240−35( )
= 35+ 2.5
= 37.5 ^10 Gs;spfs;&
7
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
%d;whk; fhyizapd; mikT = 3 n+1( )4
= 34×11
= 8.25 ^05 Gs;spfs;&
%d;whk; fhyiz Q3 = 60+ 1465− 60( )
= 60+1.25
= 61.25 ^10 Gs;spfs;&
^⁄⁄⁄& fhyiz ,iltPr;R = Q3 - Q1
= 61.25−18.75
= 42.50 ^15 Gs;spfs;&
^⁄¤& xt;nthU Gs;spAlDk; x Gs;sp $l;Lg;gl;l gpd; Gs;spg; guk;gy; 10 + x, 15 + x, 20 +x, 35 + x, 35 + x, 40 + x, 50 + x, 60 + x, 65 + x, 70 + x Q1 ,d; mikT 2.75 MFk; ,lk; Q1 = 15+ x + 3
420+ x −15− x( )
= 15+ x +3.75
= 18.75+ x ^10 Gs;spfs;& Q2 ,d; mikT 5.5 MFk; ,lk;
Q2 = 35+ x + 1240+ /x −35− /x( )
= 35+ x + 2.5
= 37.5+ x ^10 Gs;spfs;& Q3 ,d; mikT 8.25 MFk; ,lk;
Q3 = 60+ x + 1465+ /x − 60− /x( )
= 60+ x +1.25
= 61.25+ x ^10 Gs;spfs;&
fhyiz ,iltPr;R = 61.25+ x − 18.75+ x( )
= 42.50 ^10 Gs;spfs;&
∴ xt;nthU Gs;spAlDk; x Gs;spfs; $l;lg;gl;l NghjpYk; fhyiz ,iltPr;R NtWgLtjpy;iy.
^10 Gs;spfs;&
8
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
(v) khw;wyhk;.
xt;nthU Gs;spAlDk; x Gs;spfisf; $l;ba gpd; ruhrupg; ngWkhdk; = 40 + x
10+ x( )+ 15+ x( )+ 20+ x( )+ 35+ x( )+ 40+ x( )+ 50+ x( )+ 60+ x( )+ 65+ x( )+ 70+ x( )
10 ∴ vy;yhg; Gs;spfSld; x Gs;spiaf; $l;Ltjhy;> ,ilAld; x Gs;spfs; NrUk;. fhyiz ,iltPr;R NtWglhjthWk; ,il 50 MFkhWk; Gs;spg;guk;giy khw;Wtjw;fhf
xt;nthU Gs;spAlDk; 10 Gs;sp $l;Ljy; Ntz;Lk;.
^25 Gs;spfs;&^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 150&
06' ^⁄& r MiuAs;s %ba Nfhstbtj; njhl;bapd; Nkw;gug;gsT = 4πr2 ..............................①
mbapd; Miu r ck; cauk; r ck; cs;s Neupa tl;l
MiuAs;s %ba cUis tbtj; njhl;bapd; Nkw;gug;gsT = 2πr . r + 2πr2
= 2πr2 + 2πr2
= 4πr2 ..............................②
^1& ^2& 4πr2
r MiuAs;s %ba Nfhstbtj; njhl;bapd; Nkw;gug;gsT> mbapd; Miu r ck; cauk; r ck; cs;s
Neupa tl;l mbAs;s cUis tbtj;njhl;bapd; Nkw;gug;gsTf;Fr; rkdhdJ. ^30 Gs;spfs;&
^⁄⁄& r MiuAs;s %ba Nfhstbtj; njhl;bapd; nfhs;ssT = 4π r3
3
mbapd; Miu r cs;s> r caukhd Neupa %ba cUis
tbtj; njhl;bapd; nfhs;ssT = πr2 Ÿ r
= πr3 ^20 Gs;spfs;&
vdpDk; 4π r3
3 > πr3 Mjyhy; ∴ Nfhs tbtj; njhl;b $Ljyhd nfhs;ssitf; nfhz;lJ.
^⁄⁄⁄&A, B, C ,dJ Ms; $Wfs;
A ≡ 0,0( ) " B ≡ 20,0( ) , C ≡ 10,10 3( ) MFk;.
(a) AB2 = 0− 20( )2 AB2 = 400 AB = 20 m
BC2 = 20−10( )2 + 0−10 3( )2
BC2 =102 + 10 3( )2
BC2 =100+300 BC2 = 400 BC = 20 m
AC2 = 0−10( )2 + 0−10 3( )2
AC2 =102 + 10 3( )2
AC2 =100+300
AC2 = 400
AC = 20 m AB = BC = AC = 20 m MFk;.
∴ A, B, C rkgf;f Kf;Nfhzpapd; cr;rpfs; kPJ mikAk;. ^50 Gs;spfs;&
B
R
A
P T
S
V W
Z
U
C
Q
20 m
20 m
20 m
9
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
(b) PAT, PSA Kf;Nfhz Kf;Nfhzpfs; ,uz;ilAk; fUJNthk;.
PSA = PTA = 90˚ ^juT& SA = AT = 20 m ^juT& PA nghJthdJ. ∴ PAT ∆ ≡ PAS ∆ MFk;.
∴ SPA = APT RPQ = 60˚ Mifahy; SPA = APT = 30˚ MFk;.
∴ PAT = 60˚
PAT Kf;Nfhzpapy; tan 60˚ = PTAT PT = AT tan 60˚
PT = AT 3 mt;thwhfNt QU =QZ = RV = RW = PS = 20 3 vdf; fhl;lyhk;.
ghJfhg;G Ntypapd; xUgf;f ePsk; PQ = PT +TU +UQ = 20 3 + 20+ 20 3 = 20+ 40 3( )m PQR Kf;Nfhzpapd; %d;Wgf;f ePsk; = PQ+QR+ RP
= PQ =QR = RPMifahy;
PQR Kf;Nfhzpapd; %d;Wgf;fq;fspd; ePsk; = 3 20+ 40 3( )m
= 60+120 3( )m
= 60+120×1.7( )m
= 60+ 204( )m PQR Kf;Nfhzpapdhy; fhl;lg;gLk; ghJfhg;G
Ntypapd; ePsk; = 264 m MFk;.
^50 Gs;spfs;&^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 150&
10
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
C gFjp - fl;Liu
07' (a) (i) jhtuq;fspYk; tpyq;FfspYk; epfOk; Rthrk;
fhgd; mlq;fpAs;s Nru;itfspd; capupaw; gpupif ^10 Gs;spfs;& (ii) Nrjdg; nghUs;fspd; fhw;wpd;wpa Rthrj;jpdhy; ^05 Gs;spfs;& (iii) nkNjd; (- fhy;eil tsu;g;G fhuzkhf ,iu kPl;Lk; gz;iz tpyq;Ffspd;
,iug;igapy; epfOk; fhw;wpd;wpa Rthrk; fhuzkhf ^10 Gs;spfs;& (iv) Gtpapd; ntg;gk; cau;jy;$fhyepiy khw;wq;fs; epfOjy;. 05 Gs;spfs;& (v) #upaf; fjpu;fisAk; nkNjd;> fhgdPnuhl;irl;L Mfpa thAf;fisAk; Gtp Nkw;gug;gpdhy;
cwpQ;rp ntspapLk; nrq;fPo;f; fjpu;fs; fhuzkhf Gtpapd; rf;jpr; rkepiy khw;wkiltjhy;
(,lk; khWjy;) ntg;gepiy cau;jy;. ^20 Gs;spfs;&
(b)
O2 20˚
fopA+jhf;fjpu;fs;
^hν)(i)
O2 + O˚ O3
O3 O2 + 0˚
fopA+jhf;fjpu;fs;
^hν) ^10 Gs;spfs;&
(ii) FNshNuhGNshNuh fhgd; ^CFC& ^05 Gs;spfs;&
^hν)F F C
Cl
Cl
F F C˚
(iii)
Cl
Cl˚ + O3 ClO˚ + O2
^hν)
O3 O2 + O˚
O˚ + ClO˚ O2 + Cl˚
^20 Gs;spfs;&
(iv) IjNuh GNshNuh fhgd; ^HFC& my;yJ ÷ HFC apy; FNshuPd; mZf;fs; ,y;iyahjyhy; HFC fopA+jhf; fjpu;fspd; Kd;dpiyapy;
gpupifaile;J FNshuPd; %ypfq;fisj; Njhw;Wtpg;gjpy;iy.
÷ NkYk;> HFC tspkz;lyj;jpd; Nkw;gFjpf;Fr; nry;y Kd;du; gpupifailAk;. vdNt XNrhd;
glyk; fhzg;gLk; tspkz;lyj;jpy; Nkw;gilfisr; nrd;wiltJ ,opthFk;/ FiwtilAk;.
IjNuh FNshNuh GNshNuh fhgd; ^HCFC&
HCFC apy; cs;s C - H gpizg;G tspkz;lyj;jpd; fPo; gilfspy; gpupifailtjhy; HCFC tspkz;ly Nkw;gFjpia miltJ ,opthFk;. ^20 Gs;spfs;&
11
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
(c) (i) xl;rprd; Nfs;tpia mjpfupf;Fk; Nrjdr; Nru;itfs;
tptrhak;> czT gjg;gLj;jy;> efu;Gwj; jpz;kf; fopTfs; Nghd;w jpz;kf; fopTg; nghUs;fs;
ePUld; Nru;tjhy; ^10 Gs;spfs;& (ii) xl;rprd; Nfs;tpia mjpfupf;Fk; Nrjdr; Nru;itfis mfw;wg;gLjy;.
capupurhadj; jhf;fj;jpy; Fwpj;j Nrjdg; nghUs;fisr; rpwg;G epge;jidfspd; fPo;> mjhtJ
NjitahdsT fhw;Wl;lk; toq;Ftjd; %yk; Ez;zq;fpfspdhy; gpuptilar; nra;jy;.
ghu cNyhfq;fis ePf;Fjy; :
,jw;fhf Gwg;gpurhzk;> kpd; nghrpT Mfpa Kiwfisf; ifahsyhk;. Gwg;gpurhuzj;jpd;NghJ ePiu khj;jpuk; CLGftplj;jf;f gq;F CLGftpLk; nkd;rt;nthd;wpd; Clhf mKf;fj;jpd; fPo;>
ePiur; nrYj;Jtjd; %yk; ghu cNyhfq;fs; mw;w Ja ePiug; ngwyhk;.
kpd; nghrpT tbg;gpd;NghJ mOj;j tpj;jpahrnkhd;Wf;F ,ilNa fw;wad;fSf;Fk; mad;fSf;Fk;
khj;jpuk; CLGftpLk; jd;ikAs;s nkd;rt;tpd; %yk; mad;fisr; nry;y tpLtjd; %yk;
Rj;jkhd ePu; ngwg;gLk;.
+++
+
+
+
+ -
---
-
-
-
Ja ePu;
fopT ePu;
fw;wad;fis
CLGftpLk;
nkd;rt;T
mdad;fis
CLGftpLk;
nkd;rt;T
mdad;
mirT
fw;wad;
mirT
^15 Gs;spfs;&
(iii) fopTg;nghUs;fis mg;Gwg;gLj;Jk;NghJ nghUs;fis Ntwhf;fp ntspNaw;WjyhdJ> Nkw;gb
nghUspd; ePUld; Nru;tij ,opthf;Ftjw;F kpfTk; rpwe;j KiwahFk;.
vspjpy; gpupe;jopAk; nghUs;fis Ntwhf;fp> mtw;iwr; Nrjdg; gris my;yJ capu;thA
cw;gj;jpf;Fg; gad;gLj;jy;.
ghu cNyhfq;fs; mlq;fpAs;sjhff; fUjg;gLk; fopTg; nghUs;fis ntt;Ntwhfr; Nrfupj;J
kPs; Row;rpg;gLj;jy;> ,y;iyNay;> nghUj;jkhd tpjj;Jiug;Gf;fspd;gb mg;Gwg;gLj;Jjy;.
÷ kPz;Lk; cw;gj;jpahsuplk; xg;gilj;jy;.
ePu; Kjy;fSld; Nru;tJ jtpu;f;fg;gLk; tifapy; ntspNaw;Wjy;.
^20 Gs;spfs;&^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 150&
12
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
08' (A) a) (i) M1 #lhd <ur; rtu;f;fhuk;
M2 fpsprNuhy; mlf;fk; Fiwthd rtu;f;fhuk;
M3 cg;G ePf;fg;gl;l rtu;f;fhuk;
M4 rpj;jpupf; fkpyk;
M5 cyu; rtu;f;fhuk; ^2 Ÿ 5 10 Gs;spfs;&
(ii) jhtu vz;nza; KidTj; jd;ikaw;wjhifahy; NaOH ePu;f;fiurYlhf fyf;fhJ
,UNtW mtj;ijfs; Ntwhfpf; fhzg;gLk;. vdNt ,ilKfg;G Nkw;gug;gsit mjpfupg;gjd;
%yk; jhf;fk; epfOk; rhj;jpag;ghl;il mjpfupf;fyhk;. Jupjkhff; fyf;Ftjhy; ,e;j
,uz;L mtj;ijfSf;Fk; ,ilNa Nkw;gug;gsit mjpfupj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. vdNt
rtu;f;fhukhf;fy; jhf;fj;ijj; Jupjg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. xl;Lnkhj;j jhf;ff; fyitapy;
rtu;f;fhukhf;fy; jhf;fk; xUrPuhf epfo tha;g;gspf;fyhk;.
^4 Ÿ 5 20 Gs;spfs;& (iii) P1 rtu;f;fhukhf;fy;
P2 #lhd <ur;rtu;f;fhuj;ijg; gk;gtjd; %yk; mg;Gwg;gLj;jy;
P3 ikaePf;fk;
P4 #lhd <ur;rtu;f;fhuj;ij ntw;wplg;gLj;jy; ^5 Ÿ 4 20 Gs;spfs;&
b) (i) Njapiy $ Nfhg;gp ^10 Gs;spfs;&
(ii) (a) #lhd X fiurYld; Y fiug;ghidr; Nru;g;gjhy; Y fiug;ghd; Mtpahfpr; nry;y
,lKz;L. vdNt X fiury; miwntg;gepiy tiu Fspu;r;rpaile;j gpd;du; Y Nru;f;fg;gLk;.
(b) fNgd; gpupj;njLg;gpd; tpidj;jpwid mjpfupg;gjw;fhf Y fiug;ghd; gFjp gFjpahf
,lg;gLk;.
(c) Ntfkhff; fyf;fpathW Nru;g;gjhy; Fok;G cUthFk;. Fok;G Njhd;wpagpd;
Nrjdg;giliaAk; ePu;g;giliaAk; gpupg;gJ ,yFthdJ.
^10 Ÿ 3 30 Gs;spfs;&
(iii) • fiug;ghdpd; nfhjpepiy Fiwthdjhf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
• KidTr; Nru;itfs;> KidTf; fiug;ghd;fspy; fiutjhy; fiug;ghdpd;
Kidthf;fj;ij ftdj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. "Like disolve Like" • fiug;ghdpd; fNgd; fiujy; Ntz;Lk;. vdpDk; fiug;ghDf;Fk; fNgd; ,w;Fk;
,ilNa jhf;fk; NkYk; epfOjyhfhJ.
^5 Ÿ 3 15 Gs;spfs;& (iv) ilf;FNshNuhnkNjd;. ^05 Gs;spfs;&
(v) ePuw;w MgSO4 / ePuw;w CaCl2 ^05 Gs;spfs;&
(vi) kPs;gspq;fhjy;$gjq;fkhjy; ^05 Gs;spfs;&
(vii) • Fspu;thd cw;gj;jp$rf;jp jUk; ghdtif cw;gj;jp
• kUe;J cw;gj;jpfs; ^5 Ÿ2 10 Gs;spfs;&
(viii)• Kjyhd mDNrgpfs; - mq;fpnahd;wpd; ,Ug;G> tsu;r;rp> tpUj;jp> ,dg;ngUf;fk;
Mfpatw;wpy; Neubahfj; njhlu;GWtNjhL> Jizahd mDNrgpfs; Nkw;gb
njhopw;ghLfspy; Neubahfj; njhlu;GWtjpy;iy.
• Kjyhd mDNrgpfs; vy;yh mq;fpfspYk; cw;gj;jpahFk;. vdpDk; Jizahd mD-
Nrgpfs; tiuaiwg;gl;l rpy mq;fpfspy; khj;jpuNk cw;gj;jpahFk;.
• Jizahd mDNrgpfs;> tsu;r;rpapy; Kjpu;r;rpf;F mz;kpj;j fhyj;jpy; my;yJ mjd;
,Wjpapy; cw;gj;jpahFk;.
^10 Ÿ 2 20 Gs;spfs;&^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 150&
13
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
D gFjp - fl;Liu
9' ^a& ^i& 1 m3 ,dJ jpzpT = 1000 kg 1000 l ,dJ jpzpT = 1000 kg 1.4 l ,dJ jpzpT = 1.4 kg ^10 Gs;spfs;&
^ii& Q = m c θ xU epkplj;Jf;F ntg;gk; = 1.4× 4200×10 8 epkplj;Jf;F ntg;gk; = 1.4× 4200×10×8
= 4.7×105 J fyda 470.4 kJmy;yJ
^20 Gs;spfs;&
^iii& ntg;gk; = tY × Neuk; = P× t = 1000 W×8×60 s
= 4.8×105 J = 480 kJ
^15 Gs;spfs;&
^iv& 8 epkplj;jpy; ,of;fg;gLk; rf;jp = 480− 470.4( ) kJ = 9.6 kJ
rf;jp ,og;G tPjk; = 0.09660×8
×105 = 20 W = 1200 J min−1
^25 Gs;spfs;&
^b& ^i& g];fhy; Nfhl;ghL
%ba ghj;jpunkhd;wpd; Xa;tpy; cs;s gha;knkhd;wpd; Nkw;gug;G kPJ mKf;fk;
gpuNahfpf;fg;gLk;NghJ> mJ gha;kj;jpd; vy;yhg; gFjpfSf;Fk;> ghj;jpuj;jpy;
Rtu;fspYk; Fiwtpd;wp CLflj;jg;gLk;. 10 Gs;spfs;&
^ii&
P Q ^10 Gs;spfs;&
^iii& A Ig; gw;wpa jpUg;gj;ijf; fUJtjhy;.
Fy ×5=100×100 cm
Fy = 2000 N
15 Gs;spfs;&
^iv& Py =2000
2×10−4 =107 Pa ^10 Gs;spfs;&
14
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
^v& g];fhypd; Nfhl;ghl;bd;gb X ,d; kPJ PX =107 Pa ∴ X kPJ tpir Nky;Nehf;fp ↑ 107 ×20×10−4 = 20000 N ↑ 15 Gs;spfs;&
^vi& Y MLjz;L 10 cm fPo;Nehf;fp nry;Yk;NghJ ,lk;ngau;e;j jputf; fdtsT
= 10×2( )cm3 = 20 cm3
∴ X MLjz;L cs;s cUisapd; NkNynry;Yk; jputf; fdtsT = 20 cm3 ∴ nek;GNfhiy xU jlit jho;j;Jtjhy; X MLjz;L
NkNy nry;Yk; msT = 20 cm3
20 cm2 = 1 cm
vdNt X MLjz;il 10 cm cau;j;Jtjw;fhf nek;GNfhiy 10 jlitfs;
fPo;Nehf;fpj; js;Sjy; Ntz;Lk;.
^20 Gs;spfs;&^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 150&
15
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
10' ^a& ^i& ,io kpd; tpsf;fpd; Clhf 4V mOj;j tpj;;jpahrj;ij toq;Fk;NghJ mjd; %yk;
Efug;gLk; tY 2W MFk;. ^05 Gs;spfs;&
^ii& P = V2
R R = V
2
P= 16
2 = 8 Ω ^05 Gs;spfs;&
^b& ^i& V2
6 V16 Ω
8 Ω V1
^10 Gs;spfs;&
^ii& V1 =624
×16 = 4 V
V2 =
624
×8 = 2 V ^05 Gs;spfs;&
^iii& 16 Ω ,w;F Clhf 4 V, 8 Ω ,w;F Clhf 2 V ^05 Gs;spfs;&
(c) (i)
6 V16 Ω
8 Ω
L
^10 Gs;spfs;&
(ii) kpd; tpsf;if xspur; nra;tjw;fhf 16 Ω jilapapd; Clhf 4 V Nthy;w;wsT Njit.
kpd;tpsf;ifj; njhLj;jTld; fpilf;Fk; 2 V mt; tpsf;if xspur; nra;tjw;Fg;
NghJkhdjy;y. ^10 Gs;spfs;&
(iii) kpd;tpsf;ifj; njhLj;jTld; 8 Ω jilapapw;F Clhf Nthy;w;wsT 4 Ω MFk;.
kpd;tpsf;F> 16 Ω jilap Mfpatw;Wf;F Clhf rktYj;jil R Mapd;>
48
= 2R
R = 4 Ω
,ioapd; jil ʹ′R Mapd;>
1R= 1
ʹ′R+ 116
1ʹ′R= 1R− 1
16 = 1
4− 1
16 = 3
16
ʹ′R = 5.33 Ω ^20 Gs;spfs;&
16
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s njhopDl;gtpaYf;fhd tpQ;Qhd khjpup tpdhf;fspd;
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
(iv) kpd;tpsf;F xspUk;NghJ ,ioapd; ntg;gepiy caUk;. vdNt> jil mjpfupf;Fk;.
tpsf;F xspuhjNghJ ntg;gepiy> Fiwthd ngWkhdkhjyhy;> ,ioapd; jilAk;
Fiwthd ngWkhdj;ijg; ngWk;.
^10 Gs;spfs;&
(d) (i) P = VI
50×103 =1000 I
I = 50 A ^10 Gs;spfs;&
(ii) xU kPw;wu; ePsj;jpd; jil = 0.04 Ω CLflj;jy; topapd; nkhj;j ePsk; = 100 m ∴ nkhj;jj; jil = 100×0.04 = 4 Ω
^15 Gs;spfs;&
(iii)
E
2 Ω
2 Ω1000 V50 kW
R
njhopw;rhiyapd; Rw;wpd; jil R Mapd;>
R = V
2
P= 106
50×103 = 20 Ω
kpd; gpwg;ghf;fpapd; KidfSf;F Clhf mOj;j tpj;jpahrk; E = I (4+20)
E = 50×24 = 1200 V
^10 Gs;spfs;&
(iv) tlq;fspd; nkhj;jj;jil = 4 Ω tY ,og;G P = I 2R = 502 × 4 = 10 kW ^10 Gs;spfs;&
(v) gpwg;ghf;fpapd; KidfSf;F Clhf mOj;j tpj;jpahrk; = 1200 V Rw;wpd; Clhfg;ghAk; Xl;lk; = 50 A
gpwg;ghf;fpapd; %yk; gpwg;gpf;fg;gLk; tY =1200×50 = 60 kW ^10 Gs;spfs;&
(vi) xU ehspy; EfUk; rf;jp = 50 kW ×24 h
= 1200 kWh
∴ xU ehspy; nryT nra;Ak; gzk; = 1200×re. 20&.
= re. 24 000&. ^15 Gs;spfs;&
^nkhj;jg; Gs;spfs; 150&
* * *