food and nutrition conference and expo (fnce) by lisa holman image: fnce.eatright.org
TRANSCRIPT
Food and Nutrition Conference and Expo (FNCE)by Lisa Holman
Image: FNCE.eatright.org
What is FNCE?• Food and Nutrition Conference and Expo in Atlanta, GA
• Major annual conference for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
• Over 8,000 registered dietitians, nutrition science researchers, policy makers, health-care providers
• 16 educational tracks
• 60-70 educational sessions per day for 3 days
• 350 exhibitors
Image: blog.generalmills.com
Lecture topics for Today’s Discussion
Food Fermentation: Connecting Ancient Traditions with Science
Speakers: Kayellen Umeakunne, Sandor Katz, Annette Maggi Read
The Human Gut Microbiome: Its Impact on Nutrition and Health
Speakers: Cindy Davis, Johanna Lampe, Kathryn Camp
Application of ''Omic'' Technologies to Personalize Nutrition
Speakers: Lacy Davidson, Ahmed El-Sohemy, Wendy Bazilian Read
Image: wikipedia.org
Transformative action of microorganisms and the enzymes they produce.
• Intentional or desirable transformations
• Anaerobic processes mostly, some aerobic
Fermentation is practiced in all parts of the world.
• Predates recorded history
• No food that can’t be fermented
• Environmental conditions determine what can grow, fermentation is largely manipulation
Food Preservation
• Single most important benefit of fermentation
Fermentation transforms food nutritionally but each transformation is different
• Pre-digestion, detoxification, nutrient enhancement, live bacterial cultures
Food Fermentation: Connecting Ancient Traditions with Science
Image: wikipedia.org
Food Fermentation: Connecting Ancient Traditions with Science
• Diet matters!
• Maternal diet impacts gut bacteria of the infant (Penders et al Pediatrics 118:2:2006)
• Study looking at the gut microbiota of children in Africa vs Italy (DiFillipo et al PNAS 107:33:2010)
• Restrictive diets eliminate substrates needed by beneficial bacteria
• Hydrogen sulfate by product from eating red meat may negatively impact colon flora
• Gut microbiota changed by vegetarian diet (David et al Nature 000:1-5:2013)
• Impacts the availability of CHO, PRO, fat and many other bioactives
The Human Gut Microbiome: Its Impact on Nutrition and Health
• Microbiome vs Microbiota
• Composition and luminal concentrations of microbial species vary
along the GI tract (Sartor RB Gastroenterol 2008)
• 16s RNA genes
• Inter-individual variation
• Is the infant gut sterile?
• Microbes interactions with diet and immunity
• Microbes impact on nutrition and vice versa
Ecberg et al Science 2005
Ottman Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2012; 2:104.
The Human Gut Microbiome: Its Impact on Nutrition and Health
• 2013 sales up to 960 million… most common non mineral non vitamin supplement
• WHO definition: live micro-organisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host
“Live” = viable which requires demonstration
“Administered in adequate amounts” = effective dose varies by strain and health condition, also dose response studies aren’t common
• Irritable bowl syndrome and probiotics as an example (Rogers et al Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 18:2:112-119)
• Gut microbiota linked to health outside the intestine: obesity
• Microbiome research still considered an emerging science
Hanage Nature 2014 7514(512)
Dutton and Turnbaugh Curr Opinions Clin Nutr and Metabolic Care 15:448-54, 2012
Application of ''Omic'' Technologies to Personalize Nutrition
Nutrigenomics - using genomic information “omic” technologies to address issues important to us in nutrition and human health
Image: file:///Users/lisaholman/Downloads/a974_1.pdf
Application of ''Omic'' Technologies to Personalize Nutrition
- Original direction of this field produced disappointing results- Environmental role nutrition!- Celiac disease as an example of how this technology could be used- Caffeine and CVD or HTN risk- Does personalization make a difference? - Is this technology ready for prime time?
Image:http://blog-epi.grants.cancer.gov/2012/07/20/how-should-new-technologies-be-integrated-into-cancer-epidemiology/