Food Cultivation Management

within the coastal area

Objectives:

Overview of Coastal Areas of Bangladesh Soil quality ,How it is affected Salinity and its impact on Agriculture or foods Existing food cultivation pattern , crops varieties Why do we need to be concerned about Salt affected

(saline ) areas Management of food cultivation . Our Hope based on future science progress .

Overview of Coastal areas :

Introduction : Bangladesh , a deltaic country with total area of 147,570 km2.Coastal region covers almost 29,000 km2 (20% of total area) About 30% of the cultivable lands of the country coastal areas23 coastal districts and 833,000 hectares(8330 sqr.km2) of land are

saline affected.

How it is affected :

south-western coastal areas are inundated by high tidal surges

Soil is usually affected by the flow of saline water over it . Frequent flood and its long lasting . Concentration of salt in that soil increases ,

thus infertile land for crops .

Main crops are :

low yielding traditional Rice varieties in Monsoon season ( July to December)

Besides, Jute, Sugarcane, Pulses, Oilseeds, Spices, Vegetables and Fruits are also grown but very low yield .

Aman rice is the dominant crop in Barisal, Khulna and Patuakhali regions

In Chittagong region HYV Aman & Aus Rice are the major crops

Existing cultivation patterns :

Why we are aware of Saline Areas ??

20% of total areas are Coastal region that covers almost 29,000 km2

Using saline areas for Rice production , increase 20% production of Rice

Approximately , 1-1.5 metric tones/hectare of Rice production can be gained

For food security , perfect cultivation of crops, stop importation foods

Cultivation management :

Two ways : i) Treatment of saline Soil and cultivation of normal

plants a) Apllication of Halophylic motile bacteria and Its chemotaxicityb) Cultivation of Genetically Engineered vegetables to reduce Salt from

land.

ii) Culltivation Solat tolerant Plants and no treatment of saline Soil

a) Increase the Cultivation of salt tolerant Rice/Cropsb) Implementation of Super Salt Tolerant Rice

Application of bacteria and its chemotaxicity : Several bacteria's are found that show motility , Halophylicity (salt

eater/lover) Five types of motile, extremely halophilic bacteria were isolated from

saltern crystallizer ponds in Spain Candidatus Salinibacter , Halophylic and show Chemotaxicity.

Chemotaxis is movement of an organism in response to a

chemical stimulus.

Cultivation management :

This is the mimic of land Land boundary

where chemicals will

be applied

Chemotaxis is occuring ( movement towards chemicals )

Such halophylic bacteria will be grown just before rice season After , bacteria absorbing the salt from saline land

Chemicals will be applied Land boundary line will be Chemical store House (

Actually trap for bacterias ) Soil will be salt free and fertile for crops Normal Rice can then be grown with yielding

The process:

Genetically Engineered Vegetables :

Vegetables will be grown 2-3 months before rice cultivationsThese plant will uptake salt as nutrient and store in them .Soil become less salty (salt free ) , then we can grow usual Rice with good yielding . We will have vegetables as by products of soil treatments for Rice production .

How do we make salt tolerant vegetable ?

Transferring salt tolerant gene from naturally salt tolerant plant into vegetables.

Cultivation management :

Uses of Salt tolerant rice :

Introduction of salt tolerant Rice Already , several types of these are in Bangladesh They are , Binadhan-8, Binadhan-20 , BRRI dhan55 and

BRRI dhan 47 etc.. Their yield is not satisfactory , need to develop High salt

tolerant better yielding.

Why it is super ? It can expel salts it takes from soil through their salt gland

on leaves It will taste almost 100% same as normal rice It will be reproducible and had survived from 34,000

crosses . It will increase global rice production at least by ten of

millions

Super salt tolerant rice :

How the work is going on :

Conduct the research IRRI scientist Dr. K. Jena

Based on the super salt tolerant property of Oryzacoarctata (wild species found in Bangladesh )

Difficult to cross with cultivated rice Oryza Sativa

The new species will be made by backcrossing in a few year .

Super salt tolerant rice :

Our Hopes based on future science Progress:

onew alternative species of Rice , breeding . oSuper salt tolerant vegetables,Genetic

Engineering oBy science , make barriers, the land , salt free.

Thank You Md. Shahidul Islam TashinDept. of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology

University of Dhaka