food integrity scientific opinions - gov.uk · 2020. 4. 24. · 1 application of simrs for...
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€12M (€9M EC contribution) FP7 project with 60 partners
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To provide Europe with a state of the art and integrated capability for detecting fraud and assuring
the integrity of the food chain
To provide a sustainable body of expertise that can inform high level stakeholder platforms on food fraud / authenticity issues
and priorities
To bridge previous research activities, assess capability gaps, commission research and inform
EU future research needs
ADDING VALUE TO THE EUROPEAN AGRI-FOOD ECONOMY BY PROVIDING FOOD
SAFETY, AUTHENTICITY AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
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WP1 The FoodIntegrity Network – Opinions
http://www.foodintegrity.eu
Topic No: Topic Title:
1 Application of SIMRS for determining geographical origin in legal cases.
2 Role of analytical testing for food fraud risk mitigation – how much is enough?
3 What are the scientific challenges in moving from targeted to non-targeted methods for food fraud testing and how can they be addressed?
4 Multivariate Statistics: considerations and confidences in food authenticity.
5 Database development, use and curation.
6 Use of NMR applications to tackle future food fraud issues.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.05.021
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.02.019
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.07.035
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*Elliott Review into the Integrity and Assurance of Food Supply Networks – Final Report
**PAS 96:2017 Guide to protecting and defending food and drink from deliberate attack
Definition
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O
OHOH
OH
OH
OH
OH
OOH
N
N
NH2
O
OH OH
O O
NH2
OH
O
NH2
OH
O
NH2
O
NH
N
OH
NH2
OH
O
OH OH
OH
NH2
OH
O O
NH2
N
N
NH2
O
OHN
O
OHOH
OH
OH
OH
OH
OOH
N
N
NH2
O
OH OH
O O
NH2
OH
O
NH2
OH
O
NH2
O
NH
N
OH
NH2
OH
O
OH OH
OH
NH2
OH
O O
NH2
N
N
NH2
O
OHN
O
OHOH
OH
OH
OH
OH
OOH
N
N
NH2
O
OH OH
O O
NH2
OH
O
NH2
OH
O
NH2
O
NH
N
OH
NH2
OH
O
OH OH
OH
NH2
OH
O O
NH2
N
N
NH2
O
OHN
O
OHOH
OH
OH
OH
OH
OOH
N
N
NH2
O
OH OH
O O
NH2
OH
O
NH2
OH
O
NH2
O
NH
N
OH
NH2
OH
O
OH OH
OH
NH2
OH
O O
NH2
N
N
NH2
O
OHN
Excitation Pulse
(Radiowave)
Free Induction
Decay
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ppm
NMR Spectrum
Fourier
Transform
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy
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Cryoplatform
Chiller
Autosampler Magnet
Cryoprobe
• High throughput
• Unbiased
• Unique “virtual” separation
• Repeatable & Reproducible
• Identification of unknowns– Multinuclear chemical shifts
– J-couplings
– Peak intensities
– NOE
– Diffusion rate
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy
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Definition – Food Authenticity Database
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Define Scope
• Primary purpose.
• In / Out of scope.
Analytical Method
• Method choice.
• Test analytical assumptions.
Collection of authentic
samples
• Sample authenticity.
• Representativeness of samples.
Collection of
Analytical Data
• Data quality checks.
• Minimum Information for analytical method reproducibility.
Build Database
• Database hierarchy.
Validate and use of database
• External test samples.
• Statistical analysis.
• Classification results.
Database Curation
and availability
• Continuing to confirm database validity.
• Access rights.
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Scope of food authenticity database
• Purpose.
• Confirmation / forensic assessment.
• Scope defines sampling.
• Broad can lead to excessive sampling requirements.
• Sample metadata.
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Method of Analysis
• Appropriate for scope.
• Targeted methods:
• Accredited.
• Proficiency testing.
• Robust.
• Non-targeted methods:
• Long term stability.
• Transferability.
• Trial study.
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Authentic Reference Material
• Authentic.
• “Authentically not authentic”.
• Representative.
• Metadata, collect and record what is appropriate.
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Data Acquisition
• Minimum reporting information.
• Machine / method Repeatability.
• Randomly ordered analysis.
• Reference material.
• Time dependencies / sample storage.
• Precision.
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Database Building
• Online / offline.
• Storage medium for underlying database.
• Volume of data.
• Archiving.
• Speed of entry and retrieval.
• Statistical analysis within database or external.
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Validation and Application
• Univariate / multivariate.
• Multi / single class modelling.
• Externally blinded validation.
• ‘Outliers’ – rationalise or reduce scope.
• Reported classification rates.
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Maintenance / Curation
• Librarian.
• Ensure validity over time.
• Protocols for usage and expansion of scope.
• Access rights to the data.
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Conclusions
• NMR spectroscopy is a ideal tool for creating food authenticity databases
• Defined critical steps, starting with scope.
• Rationalised method of analysis.
• Relevant, authentic samples.
• Appropriate storage of data.
• Validation of the ability of the database to protect against food fraud.
• Once created, the database should be curated to ensure it remains valid.
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Acknowledgements
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for
research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 613688