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Ethanol Self-Administration Pilot StudyEmily Koleske08/03/2016
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Goals of the Study (Background)
• Alcohol is the most commonly used addictive substance in the US
• Excessive alcohol use can lead to neurological impairments and social problems such as alcoholism
• Alcoholism is a progressive and chronic disease
• The goal of this pilot study is to train rats to drink alcohol under a long axis paradigm
• The study will help understand the learning and behavioral mechanisms of addiction and when they stabilize
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Ethanol Task (training)• Rats were given dipper boxes weighing approximately 60-80 g filled
w/10% EtOH solution w/0.1% saccharine
• There is a light delivered when the active lever is pressed
• 20 male Long-Evans rats, aged 6-7 weeks at the beginning of the study
• Each program runs for 180 minutes
• Active infusions, inactive infusions, dipper activations and magazine entries were recorded
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0 20 40 60 80 100 1200
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
R² = 0.819103478907304
Dippers Earned vs. Weight of EtOH Drunk
Dippers Earned
Wei
ght o
f EtO
H Dr
unk
(g)
Confirming the Correlation between Dippers Earned and EtOH Consumption
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6 7 8 20 2150
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
69.9
57.9
78.75
88.3
80.4
Dippers earned over Time (days)
Day
Dipp
ers E
arne
d
…
Dippers Earned after Learning Curve Verses After Three Weeks of Training
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Frank Task• Probabilistic avoidance and reward learning• Combines 3 behaviors together with one task
Train (2 choice)
L1 L2
L4 L5
(30/70) (70/30)
(80/20) (20/80)
Test (novel combinations)
1415
25 24
Choose 1? Avoid 2?
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Primary Goals of the Task• To understand the genetic and neural components that drive decision-
making behavior
• Adaptive learning from positive and negative outcomes
• Multiple roles for dopamine in the brain in reinforcement learning
• It is not known how non-human animals will respond to this task
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Nose-Poke Training• 1 choice, forced-choice training• Rat nose pokes 101 times, gets rewarded for a singular port
only• After two days of 85 trials or more in the specified port, the rat
moves onto the unbiased• Unbiased• Rat is rewarded with a sugar pellet when he chooses any port
(1, 2, 4 or 5)• 201 trials• If the calculated p value is greater than or equal to 0.05 (not
significant) for ports 1 and 2 and ports 4 and 5, he will move on to the 2-choice
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Nose-Poke Training Continued• 2-Choice (Frank Task)• 201 trials• Rat will choose between two portals (1 and 2 or 4 and 5), and will be
rewarded probabilistically
• Test (Probabilistic Selection Task)• 4 ports (1, 2, 4, 5), don’t get reinforced, novel combinations• Choose A, avoid B learning• 201 trials• Test 2 rats get 50% reinforcement
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Predictions for Alcohol Dependence and Probabilistic Learning Task Convergence• Rats formerly trained on the nose-poke tasks will take longer to learn
the alcohol task
• Rats will perform more errors with the behavioral (choose A, avoid B) task after being exposed to alcohol (withdrawal, memory loss, etc.)
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Goals for the Future and Possible Questions• To continue running the programs until we can see a more steady
plateau effect• Train ethanol-dependent animals on the probabilistic learning task• Do a reversal task with the active and inactive levers• Classical conditioning, light cue associated w/pressing of the active
lever, will reinstatement happen if we deprive them of this?• What if we more saccharin? Would the rats drink more? Would we
see correlations?