for more information see: original images and graphics as

For more information see: www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp

Original images and graphics as

PPT

.


http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/pesticides_forum_home.asp



Notes• This presentation is based on the graphics and data from the Pesticides Forum

Annual Report 2013.

• It provides users with all the information in one easily accessible place and in a format which reflects the structure of the UK National Action Plan.

•

• For the full context, please see the supporting text in the 2013 annual report which is published online at this link: http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/guidance/industries/pesticides/advisory-groups/pesticides-foru

m/Focus/pesticides-forum-annual-reports

• Some graphs may be updated with more recent data as this becomes available during the year.


http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/guidance/industries/pesticides/advisory-groups/pesticides-forum/Focus/pesticides-forum-annual-reports



Pesticides in the UK

• Pesticides Forum annual report • Impacts and sustainable use• PPT of data available




Contents

• About the Pesticides Forum• Indicators of Sustainable Use• Summary and future plans• Other links

– Protecting Human Health– Availability of Products and Techniques– Protecting Water– Protecting Biodiversity– Best Practice in Amenity Use– Best Practice in Amateur (Home and Garden) UseTo return to this page at any point click on Pesticides Forum logo



About the Pesticides

Forum

Members, objectives and topics covered



Pesticides Forum Membership OrganisationsUsers, Advisors, Manufacturers, Environment, Consumers

ADAS

The Organic Sector

Advisory Committee on Pesticides (ACP)

Agricultural Engineers Association (AEA)

Agricultural Industries Confederation (AIC)

Agriculture & Horticulture Development Board (AHDB)

The Amenity Forum

BASIS (Registration) Ltd

Farmcare

Country Land & Business Association (CLA)

Crop Protection Association (CPA)

Environment Agency (EA)

Fresh Produce Consortium/British Retail Consortium

The Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust (GWCT)

Linking the Environment & Farming (LEAF)

National Farmers’ Union (NFU)

National Farmers’ Union Scotland (NFUS)

Pesticide Action Network (PAN-UK)

Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC)

Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH)

SUSTAIN

Unite

Voluntary Initiative (VI)

Wildlife & Countryside LINK (WCL)

Women’s Food & Farming Union (WFU)



Aims and ObjectivesAims:• To oversee work under the UK National Action Plan• To monitor the effects of policies, laws and other initiatives

that affect or are affected by the use of pesticides, and • To offer advice to Ministers and stakeholders• To provide a forum for exchanging views, and where

possible to allow our stakeholders to come to a general agreement

Specific Objectives:• Communications• Monitoring impacts • Knowledge transfer


https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/pesticides-uk-national-action-plan


National Action Plan

R&D

Assurance schemes

Regulation



Role of PF and NAP

• Ensure appropriate regulation and compliance• Encourage current best practice• Monitor progress (indicators)• Identify and promote even better practice

– Regulation– Industry initiatives– Research and Development

• Short-life working groups

R&D

Assurance schemes

Regulation



NAP – main headings• Training

– Improving standards – Operators (R), advisers• Sales – storekeeper certification• Information and awareness raising

– Consumer and health protection, wildlife protection• Inspection of application equipment

– Sprayer testing (R)- every 3 years from 2020; Annual (Assurance Schemes)• Aerial application – very limited, permitted application only• Protection of aquatic environment and drinking water• Risk in specific areas

– Protected areas, amenity• Handling & storage, packaging

– Sub-group & communication• Integrated Pest Management (IPM) – encourage and support uptake

– Baselines, sectoral needs, IPM Plans• Indicators – Usage data (R), needs

R&D

Assurance schemes

Regulation



Indicators of Sustainable Use

.



Part 1: Training

.



Figure 1: User practice: National Register of Sprayer Operators (NRoSO)

(number of members & % sprayed area)

Source: NRoSO * no data on sprayed area

2000/1

2001/2

2002/3

2003/4

2004/5

2005/6

2006/7

2007/8

2008/9

2009/10

2010/11

2011/12

*2012/13

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100Members % sprayed area covered

num

ber o

f ope

rato

rs

% s

pray

ed a

rea



2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 *

20130

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000Membership of BASIS Professional Register

num

ber o

f mem

bers

Figure 2: User Practice: BASIS professional register (number of members)

Source: BASIS *2012 figure as at 31 Jan 2013



Part 2: Sales

.



Figure 3: BASIS Nominated Storekeeper (NSK) / Amenity Storekeeper (Amenity NSK) training courses:

number of passes

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130

50

100

150

200

250

NSK Amenity NSK

Year

num

ber o

f pas

ses

Source: BASIS



Figure 4: BASIS Guardian Certificate in Garden Care qualification: number of passes

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

num

ber o

f pas

ses

Source: BASIS



Part 3: Information

and awareness raising

.



Figure 5: Consumer protection: Maximum Residues Levels compliance

% of fruit and vegetable samples tested and found with one or more residues above the MRL

Source: Data from Pesticides Residues Committee (PRC) and Defra Expert Committee on Pesticides Residues in Food (PRiF) reports

All samples UK samples Other EC (i.e. without UK) samples

Non-EC samples0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

102005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

% s

am

ple

s w

ith

re

sid

ue

s a

bo

ve

th

e M

RL



Figure 6: Indicator - Human health protection: PIAP investigations

2002/03

2003/04

2004/05

2005/06

2006/07

2007/08

2008/09

2009/10

2010/11

2011/12

2012/13

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Other complaints Alleged ill-health - unconfirmed Confirmed/likely/open

Num

ber o

f inc

iden

ts

Source: HSE



Figure 7: Pesticide poisoning incidents investigated by the Wildlife Incident Investigation Scheme (WIIS)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Abuse Misuse Approved use Unspecified use Veterinary compounds

Year

num

ber o

f cas

es

Case categories

Source: HSE



Part 4: Inspection of application equipment

.



Figure 8: User practice: National Sprayer Testing Scheme (NSTS)

(number of sprayer tests and % sprayed area)

2000/1

2001/2

2002/3

2003/4

2004/5

2005/6

2006/7

2007/8

2008/9

2009/10

2010/11

2011/12

2012/13

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Tests % Sprayed area covered

num

ber o

f tes

ts

% s

pray

ed a

rea

Source: NSTS/AEA



Figure 9: Membership of crop assurance schemes on holdings sampled in the United Kingdom Pesticide

Usage Survey

Percentage of holdings with crop assurance0

102030405060708090

100

Arable crops - 2012 (n = 1190)

Outdoor vegetables - 2011 (n = 595)

Soft fruit - 2012 (n = 309)

Edible protected crops - 2011(n = 237)

Fodder and forage crops - 2009 (n = 688) Note 1

Orchards - 2012 (n = 266) Notes 2,3

%

Notes:n = number of farms surveyed1 = Surveys of GB only. 2 = England and Wales only.3 = Orchards include apples grown for dessert and cider production. The level of crop assurance is normally higher for dessert apples.

Source: Fera Pesticide Usage Surveys



Part 5: Aerial application

Indicators: 352 permits issued in 2013

.



Part 6: Measures to

protect the aquatic environment and

drinking water.



2012 report data (Figure 10):Surface water Drinking Water Protected Areas (DrWPAs) in England and Wales where assessments indicate pesticides are putting WFD Article 7 compliance at risk

Source: Environment Agency

• 15% at risk of non-compliance– metaldehyde– MCPA– chlorotoluron– mecoprop-P– carbetamide– 2,4-D– propyzamide



Figure 10: Drinking Water

Protection Areas (DrWPAs)

in Scotland at risk of failing to meet

Article 7 objectives for pesticides in

2013



Figure 11. Pesticides causing EQS failures from Surface Water Monitoring in Northern Ireland

Source: Northern Ireland Environment Agency



Figure 12. Groundwater bodies in England and

Wales failing Water Framework Directive (WFD) objectives due

to pesticides




Figure 13. Groundwater sampling locations where one or

more pesticides have been detected at levels which threaten to exceed 0.1 micrograms per litre



Figure 14. Substantiated category 1 and 2 incidents involving agricultural and non-agricultural pesticides in

England and Wales 19

99

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14Agricultural Non-agricultural

num

ber o

f inc

iden

ts




Part 7:Reduction of

risk in specific areas.



Figure 16. Tonnes of herbicides, fungicides and insecticides applied in major amenity sectors 2006-2012

2006 2009 20120

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,0001837

1402

743

50 46 2515 7 5

Herbicides Fungicides Insecticides

tonn

esFigure 17. Relative weight of amenity pesticide applied in major amenity sectors in the UK in 2102

10.1%

0.700000000000001%

44.7%

33.0%

1.3% 10.2%

GOLF INDUSTRIALINFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC AUTHORITIESRESIDENTIAL TURF

Source: Pesticides Usage Survey – Amenity Pesticides in the UK 2012



Part 8:Handling and storage

of pesticides and treatment of their

packaging and remnants

.



Figure 18. Comparison of number of Cross Compliance (SMR 9 and SMR 11) breaches and breach severity 2010 - 2012

Engl

and

2010

Engl

and

2011

Engl

and

2012

Scot

land

201

0Sc

otla

nd 2

011

Scot

land

201

2

Wal

es 2

010

Wal

es 2

011

Wal

es 2

012

N. Ire

land

201

0N. I

rela

nd 2

011

N. Ire

land

201

2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

>15%

>5% - 15%

5%

3%

2%

1%

Warning Letter

num

ber o

f bre

ache

s

penalty

Sources: Rural Payments Agency; Scottish Government; Department of Agriculture and Rural Development , Northern Ireland; Rural Inspectorate Wales Note: 2012 information relating to SMR 11 covers

more than just pesticides breaches and thus is not strictly comparable to the previous two years.



Figure 19. Disposal of rinsings from empty amateur concentrate containers

2007 2010 20130

10

20

30

40

50

60

Adding rinsings to di-luted spray solution

Drain

Sink

Toilet

% re

spon

dent

s

Source: Pesticides user habits survey (PS2817)



Figure 20. Disposal of RTU and concentrates with pesticides still in the container

Normal house-

hold bin

House-hold

recycling bin/bag

Landfill - HWRC

Plastic recycling - HWRC

Glass recycling - HWRC

Haz-ardous waste

- HWRC

Haz-ardous waste- col-

lected by LA

Plastic recycling

point

Other Glass recy-cling point

Burn e.g. bonfire

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Ready-to-use products Concentrate products

% o

f res

pond

ents

Source: Pesticides user habits survey (PS2817)



Part 9:Low pesticide input

management, including

Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

.



Figure 21. Cumulative numbers of active substances and products approved as biopesticides in UK

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130

5

10

15

20

25

30

35Active substances Products

Source: CRD



Figure 23. Area of organic land use in UK

20022003

20042005

20062007

20082009

20102011

20120

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

Cereals Other cropsFruit & nuts Vegetables (including potatoes)Herbaceous & ornamentals Temporary pasture

hect

ares

Figure 24. Total of in-conversion and organic land use in UK

20022003

20042005

20062007

20082009

20102011

20120

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

Cereals Other cropsFruit & nuts Vegetables (including potatoes)Herbaceous & ornamentals Temporary pasture

hect

ares

Source: Defra Organic Statistics 2012



Figure 25. Populations of selected farmland bird species in the UK

1970

1972

1974

1976

1978

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

Corn Bunting Grey Partridge Yellowhammer All Species (19)

Inde

x (1

970=

1)

Source: Defra/RSPB/BTO/JNCC



Figure 26. Populations of all bird species in the UK19

70

1972

1974

1976

1978

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

All (128 spp) Farmland birds (19 spp) Wood (38 spp) Seabirds (19 spp)Specialists farmland (12) Generalist farmland (7)

Inde

x (1

970=

1)

Source: Defra/RSPB/BTO/JNCC



Figure 28. Areas of different agri-environment options used by farmers to provide valuable food wildlife resources and mitigate impacts of crop inputs

on arable farmland

Low input cropped margins

Farmland bird food winter food resources

Nectar and flower-rich margins for pollinators

Grass margins and field corners

0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000

2013

2011

hectares

Source: Natural England



Part 10:Indicators

.



Figure 29. Estimated annual pesticide usage for all crops in Great Britain/UK

19951996

19971998

19992000

20012002

20032004

20052006

20072008

20092010*

2011*2012*

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

tonn

es o

f acti

ve s

ubst

ance

app

lied

* includes Northern Ireland dataexcluding sulphuric acid

Source: Fera Pesticide Usage Survey



Figure 30. UK cropped areas

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000 Set-aside

Temporary grass (< 5 years)

Crops for stockfeeding

Other crops not for stockfeeding

Horticulture

Pulses

Potatoes

Sugar beet

Oilseeds

Other cereals

Spring barley

Winter barley

Wheat

hect

ares

(ha)

Sources: Defra June Agricultural Survey; Welsh Government; Department for Agriculture and Rural Development, Northern Ireland



Figure 31. UK pesticide average inputs per crop (including soil sterilants)

Strawberri

es (2012)

Onions (2011)

Dessert

apples (2012)

Ware

Potatoes (

2012)

Parsnips (

2011)

Brusse

ls sp

routs

(2...

Wheat (

2012)

Winte

r barle

y (2012)

Oilseed ra

pe (2012)

Spring barle

y (2012)

Grassland (2

009)*0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Herbicides Fungicides Insecticides Growth regulators Molluscicides Soil sterilants

kg a

ctive

sub

stan

ce a

pplie

d/ha

gro

wn

*figures relate to GB usage only




Figure 32. UK pesticide average inputs for wheat

1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Herbicides Fungicides Insecticides Growth regulatorsMolluscicides Seed treatments

kg a

ctive

sub

stan

ce a

pplie

d/ha

gro

wn




Figure 33. UK herbicide use on wheat

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120

1

2

3

4

5

Average total dose (kg a.s.) applied per hectare Average number of products per hectare

Average dose (full label units) applied per hectare




Figure 34. UK fungicide use on wheat

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120

2

4

6

8

Average total dose (kg a.s.) applied per hectareAverage number of products per hectareAverage dose (full label units) applied per hectare




Figure 35. UK insecticide use on wheat

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

Average total dose (kg a.s.) applied per hectareAverage number of products per hectareAverage dose (full label units) applied per hectare




Figure 36. UK molluscicide use on wheat

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

Average total dose (kg a.s.) applied per hectare Average number of products per hectareAverage dose (full label units) applied per hectare




Summary and future plans

.



Summary - usage• Use of pesticides not adversely impacting UK health

or environment– statutory and voluntary controls effective, but– scope to reduce risks further (e.g. water pollution)

• Pesticide usage affected by season, product availability, resistance, commodity prices– wet weather conditions increased usage in 2012– application technology continues to improve precision of

application• Training of pesticide users increasing

– NRoSO, BASIS, Amenity Assured– improvements in Amenity and for garden centre staff



Summary – focus for improvement

• Further reduce water bodies at risk from pesticides with added focus on grassland users

• Key bird species continue to decline• More recycling of packaging• Reduce misuse and/or abuse• Improve users understanding of risk and risk

mitigation in both the amenity and the home and garden sectors



Summary – future plans• Protecting water:

- River Basin Management Plans (2nd round in 2015); WFD

• Improving practice in amateur and amenity sectors: - new guidance anticipated

• Promotion of integrated pest management (IPM): - development of mechanisms and measures- promotion of IPM Plans

• Training and certification: - Grandfather rights end November 2015

• Application equipment testing: - compulsory from November 2016

• Monitoring and assessing- impacts of other events with implications for pesticides use and cropping



Priorities for 2013/14

• Protecting water– Metaldehyde, oilseed rape herbicides

• Improving standards in specific sectors– Amenity; home and garden; grassland/forage

• Promotion of IPM and IPM Plans

Pesticides Forum will work with member organisations and other stakeholders to help further reduce the risk to human health and the environment



Acknowledgements

• Member Organisations of the Pesticides Forum and many others – provide data and analysis used in Indicators


for more information see: original images and graphics as

Documents