THE NEW YORK

FOREST OWNERVOL. 31, NO.4

OFFICERS & DIRECTORS

Don Wagner, PresidentRD #1, Box 203CUtica, NY 13502

We Suhr.Ist Vice PresidentRR #1, Box 59BOswegathcie, NY 13670

Robert M. Sand. Recording Secretary300 Church StreetOdessa, NY 14869·9703

Clara Minerd. Treasurer1123 Cold Spring RoadLiverpool, NY 13088

John C. Marchant. Executive Director45 Cambridge CourtFairport, NY 14450(716) 377-7906

Deborah Gill. Administrative SecretaryP.O. Box 180Fairport, NY 14450(716) 377-6060

1996Albert Brown. StowVerner Hudson. ElbridgePeter Levatlch, BrooktondaleDong Wagner. Utica

1994Norman Richards, SyracuseRobert M. Sand. OdessaCharles Mowatt. SavonaKathleen Farnum, Roxbury

1995Elizabeth Densmore. MachiasRichard J. Fox. MoraviaJohn W. Krebs. Honeoye FallsTom Ellison. Manlius

AFFILIATE REPRESENTATIVESCharles Sprague--THRIFTDinnie Sioman-Catskill Forest Assoc.

CHAPTER REPRESENTATIVESMark & Joann Kurtis-Allegheny FoohillsWendell Hatfleld-CayugaDennis Colliton-Capital DistrictBill Mlnerd-Central New YorkRobert S. Davis-Lower HudsonWes Suhr-Northern AdirondackTom Casey-Niagara FrontierErwin Fullerton-Southeastern AdirondackLarry Lepak-Southern TierPatrick J. McGlew-TiogaEileen VanWie--Western Finger Lakes

All rights reserved. Contents may not be reproducedwithout prior written permission from the publisher. DIS-CLAIMER: NYFOA does not necessarily support orapprove procedures, products. or opinions presented byauthors or advertisers. Opinions expressed by authors aretheir own and do not necessarily reflect the policy of thepublisher

COVER:

First Edition Replicaof the FOREST OWNER

NY FOREST OWNER

FOREST OWNERA publication of the New York Forest Owners Association

Editorial Committee: Betty Densmore; Alan Knight. Mary McCartyNorm Richards and Dave Taber.

'Materials submitted for publication should be addressed to: R. Fox, R.D. #3, Box 88,'Moravia, New York 13118. Articles, artwork and photos are invited and are normallyeturned after use. The deadline for submission forSeptiOct is Aug. 1.Please address all membership fees and change of address requests to P.O. Box180, Fairport, N.Y. 14450. Cost of individual membership subscription is $15.

NYFOA Nt~,_···'---&.III

".LUW~

Chapters and Affiliates

•...."...,

CAY Cayuga. 1985 58STe Southern Tier, 1985 109 -.,.,.,-TlO Tioga. 1986 .....................•...•.....•...•.....•.•.•....•.•.•.•.•.•.••.••..•............ 89WFL. Western Finger Lakes. 1988 •..•.....•.••.....••............•......•.......•..•.•. 248AFC Allegheny Foothills. 1989 .•.•...•...•........•..•.•...•.•.•.•.•...•....•..•.•..•... 116NFC Niagara Frontier. 1990 .•...•.•.•..........•...•......•.........••...•.•............. 128CDC Capital District. 1991 ..............•.............................................•...•.• 85SAC Southeastern Adiorndack, 1991 .•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•....•.•.•.•.•............ 94LHC Lower Hudson. 1991 .•.............•...........•.•...••.•.........•.•............•.... 39CNY Central New York. 1991 .........•...........................................•.•....•. 82NAC Northern Adirondack. 1991 .•.•.•.•...•...•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•.•............ 73

,/....

"LHCr--...,r••••.-,.,•.$•.•.~•.."

CFA Catskili Forestry Assoc .• 1982 .......•.......•.....•......•...•.•.....•.•.•.... 101THRIFT Tug Hill Resources. Investment for Tomorrow, 1982 .•.••.... 136

With membership as of June 1. 1993.

Table of ContentsPresident's Message 31993 NYFOA Spring Meeting, Elizabeth Densmore 4Reading: The Right Thing To Do, Peter S. Levatich 6Real Property Tax Law Section 480-a : 8Chapters/Affiliates 10Awards 12Pine Feeding Sawflies, Douglas C. Allen 16Selling Herbal Tree Fam Products, Jane Sorensen Lord 18

2 JULY/AUGUST 1993

PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE1993 is becoming a year offirsts forme. The most important first is the honorbestowed upon me to serve each and everyone of you as president of our fine organi-zation. I pledge to do my best to keepNYFOA rrioving forward as Stuart McCartyso aptly did over the last two years. Theassociation owes Stuart and Mary a debt ofgratitude for their dedication and hardwork on behalf of NYFOA over the pastyears.

One of Stuart's organizational goalswas to expand NYFOA's membership.This important goal will be continued dur-ing my term as president, along with agenuine effort on my part to solicit addi-tional membership involvement. In futuremessages I will expand on this personalgoal and will identify and discuss addi-tional objectives believed by me to beimportant to the association.

The second first experience this yearwas a timber harvest on a portion of mywood lot located in Hamilton County. Theexperience was extremely exciting andeducational, as many of you are alreadyaware from your own personal experi-ences. The right decision for my propertywas obvious. Proceed with a winter com-mercial harvest of overmature, diseased,and genetically inferior trees. Then followwith a timber stand improvement cut, allthe while keeping in mind the managementplan objectives of timber improvement,wildlife enhancement, aesthetics, and soon. However, if the decision was so simple,then why did I have so many restlessnights. The worries were many: would theheavy equipment create non-repairable rutsin the shallow Adirondack soils? wouldfuture high quality harvest trees be dam-aged? would the post cut appearance bedistasteful? The thoughts went on and on,all the while knowing deep in my heart thatmy property needed to be managed toimprove its future health.

As the process commenced, with mark-ing of the trees, formal bid proposals,signing of the contract, and the start of theclearing of a landing, the nights becamelonger and longer. Once the harvest wasunder way, I knew that I had done the rightthing. Because I had been deliberate in myselection of a consulting forester and alogging contractor, all of my worries and

NY FOREST OWNER

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President Don Wagner at his Adirondack landing.

fears were for naught. However, if some-thing can go wrong, it will. During theharvest, the area in the Adirondacks wheremy wood lot is located (Hoffmeister) wassubjected to the heaviest snowfall in years,nearly 5 feet. Because of the heavy snow-fall, the logging contractor was required tohire a small dozer to push back some of thesnow from the skid trails. Despite thisminor set back, the project continued onschedule. I sleep much easier at night nowand am genuinely pleased that I proceededwith the harvest. In fact, I look forwardwith delight to similar harvests for the nextthree winters. It was a great first experi-ence.

The 30th anniversary spring meeting onApril 24 was absolutely outstanding. Thespeakers were great, the award presenta-tion was fantastic, the lunch was excellent,and more importantly, the social exchangebetween members was enjoyed by all.

3

Those members that were unable to attendthe spring meeting missed a great event. Inthe future every effort should be made byas many members as possible of our asso-ciation to attend the spring and fall meet-ings. They really are great events.

I would be remiss if I didn't take thisopportunity to thank the Central New YorkChapter, and in particular Bill and ClaraMinerd, for their encouragement, support,and all of their hard work in helping me puttogether and prepare for the spring meet-ing.

HEARD ON THE WINGTo tell NYS where the raptor nests are,And who owns them,Puts proprietary rights at risk;What say you NYFOA ?

Editor

JULY/AUGUST 1993

1993 NYFOA SPRING MEETINGBy Betty Densmore

"In the60's', when NYFOA began, fewpeople cared about forests; now too manycare too much and know too little aboutthem."; Ross Whaley, Pres. SUNY/CESFso defined the problem of changing publicperception of forestry as he opened theannual meeting at Syracuse. He noted thatpublic interest is a good thing, but mis-information and mis-interpretation havecaused passions to run high on both sides -- between preservationists and the forestindustry -- with the forest owner some-where in the middle. He expressed a hopethat governmental agencies on all levelswill learn to work with forest owners toenhance the use, and stewardship, of re-sources.

The program "Thirty Years of ChangeWithin NYFOA and New York's Forests"got off to a great start. Outgoing President,Stuart McCarty, gave a short history ofNYFOA and introduced several past presi-dents who were in the audience; he alsointroduced' and welcomed new membersof the board. Charlie Mowatt gave his

Photo by Dave Taber

Douglas C. Allen. Professor of Forest En-tonwlogy after his presentation. "Main-taining Biodiversity of Forestlands". Pro-fessor Allen is afrequent contributor to theNY FOREST OWNER (see page 16. thisissue) and is Chairman of the importantBiodiversity Committee of the nationalSociety of American Foresters.

NY FOREST OWNER

Photo by Dave Taber

Ross Whaley. President State University of New York. College of Environmental ScienceandF orestry welcomes and opens NYFOA 'sAnniversary Meeting in Marshall Auditorium.

report on the health and growth of chap-ters, commenting on the dynamic energyand new dimensions that many chaptersare bringing to NYFOA. He also intro-duced new chapter chairpeople who werepresent.

Executive Director, John Marchant, il-lustrated for us, with slides, how NYFOAis networking with various groups to raiseNYFOA's profile and to broaden our ap-peal to potential members. He showed howwe are growing, not only in numbers, butin public recognition.

Stuart McCarty then introduced the newofficers; and new president, Don Wagner,took the podium and thanked Stuart andMary McCarty for their service to NYFOA.With Association business behind us webegan a program designed to teach andentertain beginning with Dr. GeorgeHudler, Professor, Cornell University, whomade tree diseases interesting; his livelystyle and sense of humor made this learn-ing experience a painless one as he spokeon Tree Disease: state of NY Forests; Pastand Present.

Dr. Douglas Allen then spoke onBiodiversity and Forestry (see: BiologicalDiversity - Is Variety The Spice of Life?,NY FORESTOWNER4, May/June 1992).Dr. Allen's earnest, reasoned discussion

4

r

"too many caretoo much andknow too little"

addressed the problems of too many peopleusing resources unwisely. "What we lose,or may lose, without ever having knownthe value of.. .." He pointed out that effec-tive stewardship is essential to maintainingbiodiversity, that it is everybody's job andhe made some recommendations: encour-age the mix of species, accommodatewildlife's needs, recognize the importanceof wetlands and balance use with goodstewardship. How do we do this? By edu-cation and incen tives that reflect a region'sgoals and needs.

After lunch and the presentation ofAwards, the program resumed. Dr. Wil-liam Porter presented a discussion of oneof New York's greatest wildlife manage-ment success stories: the return ofthe wildturkey. Using excellent photographs and

JULY/AUGUST 1993

charts he illustrated how turkey popula-tions have increased and their range ex-panded since being re-introduced in thestate. He explained forest practices thatencourage turkeys. And the benefits to thebirds of harvesting timber, clearcuttingand edge cover.

We then split up to go to either ErnieHammerle's workshop on 480A Tax Lawor Pat McG lew' s "Planning a Tim ber Har-vest" both were excellent and this success-ful format would be welcome at futurespring meetings. The program concludedwith Dr. Hugh Canham's examination ofNYS ForestEconomics"MarketForces thatAffect your Stumpage Prices."

, ""

"What we lose, ormay lose, withoutever having knownthe value of...."\. ~

We were all encouraged to fill out aprogram evaluation questionnaire that willhelp organizers present future meetingswhich incorporate features that we want. Agreat idea that allows each one of us to helpdirect the content of upcoming springmeetings.

We cannot forget to mention the workof Helen Marchant and Debbie Gill, whomanned (womanned?) the reception tablesand passed out agendas and name tags ....andanswered questions and helped in a thou-sand ways. They do all the work and missmost of the program. We couldn't havesuch smooth running meetings withouttheir help and their smiling welcome. Allof the people who work to organize themeetings, who get the caterer, set up aprogram, find excellent speakers and makethe whole thing run smoothly deserve a paton the back for another spring meeting thatwas educational, stimulating and fun. Asterling example ofthe volunteer spirit thatmakes NYFOA such an outstanding orga-nization.

Betty Densmore is a NYFOA Director andserves as the Chairman of the EditorialCommittee.

NY FOREST OWNER

Photo by nave Taber

George Hudler (right) a plant pathologist, well known to Christmas tree growersthroughout New York State, discussed "impacts of tree diseases in the past, present andfuture, relative to the forests of New York." NYFOA president, Don Wagner of Utica,expresses his appreciation to Dr. Hudler for the insight he provided forest owners. FromCornell University, George W. Hudler, Ph.D., publishes the "Christmas Tree IPM(Integrated Pest Management) Newsletter."

"Forests are Essential to Our Lives"46th New York State Woodsmen's Field Days

Public SeminarAdirondack High School

Ford Street (Route 294), Boonville, NYFRIDAY, AUGUST 20,1993

6: 15 p.m. Registration - Free7:00 p.m. Door Prizes & Introductions

MAINTAINING TIMBERLANDS IN NEW YORKFeaturing the following topics and speakers

with David W. Taber, Cornell Cooperative Extension, as moderatorAisle microphones provided for audience participation

* Governmental Pressures - George H. Canon, Town Supervisor,Town of Newcomb, NY

* Landowner Rights - Dennis I. Phillips, Attorney at Law,McPhillips, Fitzgerald and Meyer, Glens Falls, NY

* Recreational and Open Space Values - Tim Burke, Executive Director,The Adirondack Council, Elizabethtown, NY

* Wood Using Industry Situation - Roger A. Dziengeleski, WoodlandsManager, Finch, Pruyn & Company, Inc., Glens Falls, NY

* Timberland Tracts Over Time - Peter V. Litchfield, President, New York BlueLine Council; and President, Litchfield Park Corporation, Gansevoort, NY

* Refreshments, Meet the Speakers, and Socialize. Adjourn 10:00 p.m.

Broadcast by Radio Stations WBRV (900 AM and 101.3 FM) of Boonvilleand audio on TCI Cable TV Channel 11, of Lowville

Sponsored by: Cornell Cooperative ExtensionIn cooperation with: The New York Forest Owners Association and the Empire

State Forest Products AssociationAs part of: the N.Y.S. Woodsmen's Field Days

"People and Trees, Partners in Time"

5 JULY/AUGUST 1993

MN published two series which are writtenfor lay readers. They are short, clear andexcellent in content and form. They are theCEN1RAL HARDWOOD NOTES (*2)and the NORTHERN HARDWOODNOTES (*2). The former is a large collec-tion, and most Notes are also directlyapplicable to our Northeastern forests. Thatis the reason, I suspect. that the latter is aslim volume. Both can be obtained throughthe mail. Each 2 to 5 pages long, the 85Central Notes cover every subject areawith which the forest owner is concerned.Write for them and put them on yourreference shelf.

Proceedings of past as well as presentforestry symposiums, or conferences, havebeen great reading for me. I look for an-nouncements in forestry magazines, etc.and then write and ask for the writtenProceedings. It takes a while forthose to becompiled but it is worth the wait and thefew bucks they cost. Tomorrow I plan to re-read the Proceedings of CHALLENGESIN OAK MANAGEMENT AND UTILI-ZATION, 1985 (*3). That was in Wiscon-sin, but it works here too.

In 1986 I sat in the audience of theMANAGING NORTHERN HARDWOODS (*4) SilvicuItural Symposium atESF, Syracuse trying to look knowledge-able. Subsequently I obtained the writtenProceedings, a one inch thick book thatcontainsall that was to be said during theSymposium. It is a wealth of informationand as I re-read it periodically I discovernew things in it.

An ongoing series about forest man-agement topics, comes from the U.S.F.S.in Morgantown, WV under the title ofFOREST MANAGEMENT UPDATE.(*5) Just call and you shall receive all backissues free and be put on the mailing list. Iused to hesitate calling government agen-cies because some of them sounded sort ofannoyed. No longer! The lady inMorgantown sounded like an old friend,bless her! One or two Updates are pub-lished annually, Number 14 just came out,fascinating and not too technical, even Ican understand It

ESF Syracuse just published "FAC-ULTY PUBLICATIONS AND SPON-SORED RESEARCH PROJECTS - FIS-CAL YEAR 1991-92." I have found fouramong the 200 plus Titles which interest

Reading: The Right Thing To DoBy Peter S.Levatich

t is raining outside and a good timeI to write about the forest. The onlybetter thing to do would be to read

about the forest but I already did that in themorning. Occasionally, knowing that I amnot a forester, people ask me where Ilearned about the forest and the things I dothere. I assure them that I know but littleand that it comes naturally when you getinto things. But in reality, there is more toit than that.

Sixteen years ago, when I became aforest owner, I barely remembered whathigh school biology and the Boy Scoutshad taught me. So I started to read every-thing that came close to the forest as asubject. I soon went to Extension Servicepresentations, all kinds of field days, work-shops, all NYFOA woods walks. forestrymeetings, and even ESF Syracuse sympo-siums. But the glue that held all this to-gether was reading. This was not easyconsidering that! nave always been adoer"and I only read when I have to, or when allelse fails.

I guess I just have a natural curiosity;just as you have, or else you would not bereading this. What I am suggesting, there-fore, is that you read more about the forestand discover the wonderful stuff out therewhich is yours for the reading. It costs nextto nothing, it is exciting, it turns on the lightbulb in your skull, and it is fun. And youshould have fun because life is short andyou deserve to have fun. Let me show youa way.

There are the innumerable brochures,fliers and papers which you find at meet-ings, at DEC offices, at shows, every-

Wendell Hatfield(Over 35 years experience)

General Excavation,Road Construction,

Wetlands Enhancement,Ponds and DrainageR.D. 2, Moravia, NY 13118

(315) 497-1398

NY FOREST OWNER

where. The U.S.D.A.ForestService(USFS)and Cooperative Extension each haveenough to flood you out of your house. Pickup a copy of everything and read it. Or callup and ask them to send you their Publica-tion Lists. Even if the subject is a veryfamiliar one, the emphasis or the point ofview of this writer will most likely bedifferent from the last writer's view. Youread about the same subject again and,behold, you discover a new aspect, a newcorrelation. a new missing link. Further-more, it is surprising how the mind works;you read something, but you only retainwhat happens to stand out at the moment,the rest is discarded. You read the same,identical material a year later and you willdiscover a whole lot of new things in thesame piece. It is fascinating! So, store whatyou have read in a good place where youcan easily find it again. When it comes toreading, there is no such thing as old stuff.

Old forestry reading has "antique'tvalueas well; it seems to me that in past decadesthe focus used to be mostly on forestmanagement. You could say "narrowly"concerned with the trees, compared to thepresent, when the emphases are on stew-ardship and biodiversity, the "larger view"of the forest environment. But even treesand forest management represent a widearea of knowledge and, as a forest owneryou need to be very familiar with that. Itwill profit you to go back in time a little tofind some of that fascinating "antique"material. Just to mention two examples:

(1) The College ofESF at Syracuse usedto publish their RESEARCH REPORTS,the product of their Applied Forestry Re-search Institute. The Institute no longerexists, but the ESF Syracuse Moon Library(* 1) has all Reports and you can borrowthem, by mail even! I learned a lot fromthese,like Report No. 29: "An EvaluationOf Chain Saw Girdling To Treat UnwantedNorthern Hardwoods", or Report No.6:"Logging Road and Skid Trail Construc-tion". Yes, you do have time to go after themailing list and obtain the Title you areinterested in because the alternative is toremain ignorantly in the dark.

(2) The USFS has many Research Sta-tions,like the one inWarren, PA where the1991 NYFOA Fall meeting visited. Thesestations put out a lot of excellent writtenmaterial. The Research Station in St. Paul,

6 JULY/AUGUST 1993

me and which I will write for. (*6)Of course, you are already reading the

FOREST OWr-..'ERwhich is getting betterwith every issue, same as the WOOD-LAND STEW ARD. Consider subscribingto NATIONAL WOODLANDS and theNORTHERN LOGGER also (*7).

My finest reading hours are the oneswhen I am too tired to work in the woodsand decide to relax and rejuvenate myaging systems. I then place some of thesepapers into my pack basket and walk out toa sunny spot in the forest with a fine viewand guaranteed peace. I also take a can ofmy favorite beverage, of course. It will notbe long before I pause from my reading tolook around at an example of what is beingdescribed. I may run over for a closer look,or to flag a spot for later exploration.Questions are answered, new ones emerge,plans for tomorrow are formulated.

And so it is today despite the rain out-side. It compels me to paraphrase myfavorite oatmeal commercial: Reading, theright thing to do.

References:(1*) SUNY College ofESF, Syracuse NY,Moon Library, (315) 470-6711.(2*) U.S. Government Printing Office,Washington, D.C. 20402.(3*) University of Wisconsin-Extension,College of Natural Resources, StevensPoint, WI 54481 .(4*) SUNY College ofESF, Syracuse, NY,Publication. ESF 87-002.(5*) USFS NE Forest Exp. Sta.Morgantown, WV 26505. (304) 285-1536.(*6) SUNY College of ESF, Office OfResearch Programs, 1Forestry Drive, Syra-cuse, NY 13210(7*) The Northern Logger And TimberProcessor, PO Box 69, Old Forge, NY13420. $10.00 per Year; National Wood-lands, by National Woodland Owners As-sociation, 347 Maple Ave. E.,Suite 210,Vienna,VA 22180. $15.00 per year.and: DIRECTORY OF FORESTRY ,FISH& WILDLIFE PUBLICATIONS fromCornell Cooperative Extension; CornellUniversity; 7 Research Park; Ithaca, NY14850

Peter Levatich. a NYFOA Director whorepresents Tompkins County at the NYSDEC Region 7Forest Practice Board. is aMaster Forest Owner (Class of '92) andwith his wife. Barbara provided one of thesites for NYFOA's 1992 Fall Meeting.

NY FOREST OWNER

A NOTE FROM ECUADOR

Three American foresters inspecting a lumber operation in Northeast Ecuador, March1993. Henry KernanIl) David Gison, Bruce Kernanby Henry S. Kernan

The westward bulge of South America'sPacific Coast is mostly the Republic ofEcuador. The strip between the Andeanrange and the ocean has lands of excellentquality for tropical crops, demands forwhich have brought about drastic changesin the landscape within the last few de-cades. Where once were mangrove swampand primeval forest are now medleys ofpond, pasture and fields of tropical treecrops such as rubber and oil palm. Ecuadorhas become the world's largest exporter ofbananas and shrimps. The success of agri-culture has pushed the farming frontier upinto the Andean foothills beyond the mar-gin of what is good either for the land or forthose trying to make a living from whatshould remain forest. Much of the drivecomes from what most of us would lookupon as an odd way to acquire title to land.In New York no one clears a piece of stateforest and thereby acquires title. In Ecua-dor that is exactly what takes place, on alarge scale and under the auspices of theNational Institute for Colonization andAgricultural Reform. The landscape stillhas many trees, both scattered about and inremnant patches of the original forest. Butthe waste and damage both to humans andthe environment are high.

The word "original" is really a misno-mer. Nearly five centuries ago the Spanishconquest found more people living be-tween the coast and the mountains thanlive there today. For centuries the Indianshad been clearing the land of trees andgrowing food for the highlanders to theeast. The conquest brought depopulation.The forest returned and created a virtualwilderness until the 1960's.

Since then changes have been swift anddrastic. As roads penetrate the forest, groups

7

of colonists receive allotments of 125 acreseach, to which they can receive title by theclearing of trees. The valuable trees theycut into planks with chainsaws and trans-port to the nearest road by mule. They alsosell standing trees to whatever timber com- .pany is operating nearby. One such com-pany is buying such cut-over land andplanting valuable, fast-growing trees on alarge scale. Ecuadorean law has no provi-sion whereby a private company can ac-quire and manage natural forest. Hence therather awkward, roundabout way for pro-viding logs for the company's veneer mill.

Meanwhile, the colonist, having ac-quired the land and trees at no cost otherthan his labor, is ready to sell both andmove on to another free 125 acres. Asystem more certain to destroy the forestcan hardly be imagined.

Ecuador does have a system of naturereserves, national parks and public domainforest. Nevertheless they are all subordi-nate to the overriding policy of providingland for conversion to agriculture, regard-less of quality. That tradition is very strongand not likely to change soon in a countrywhich has a rapidly growing populationand too few other ways to make a living.

-- VOSS SignsDept. NYF. Box 553. Manlius. N.Y. 13104

Ph. (315) 682-6418(Mon.·Frt. 9-5)

F'lmily Owned" OpemtedJor ouer 25 year5

JULY/AUGUST 1993

Notes from NYFOA's 480A WorkshopBy Ernie Hammerle

In the March/ April 1993 issue of theForest Owner was an article "La-ment for a Law" by Henry Kernanwhich contained some good points

such as; that 480A does not meet the goalsof most private forest owners as they "arenot primarily growers and marketers oftimber" and that is what 480A requires.There was also an implication that 480A isa form of regulation, and this, I believe, isa good viewpoint for owners to take. How-ever, there were several misleading itemsin the article.

As a disincentive to participation,Mr. Kernan referred to "stumpage tax setby a state employee's judgement as to thetimber's worth." TheDEC does not set thevalue, we certify the value given by theowner in the Notice of Commercial Cut-ting. If timber is sold on a bid basis, as mosttimber is and should be, the bid results canbe the evidence of value. Mr. Kernan saidhis plan called for 10 acres of TSI inDecember 1979 and 10 in January 1980and by doing 20 acres in December 1979,he was afoul of the law and subject to finebecause he had applied for a revision of theplan and approval did not come until March.Work schedules call for 10 acres to becarried out between March 1 of a year andthe end of February the following year andnot on a month to month basis. Secondly,from a purely forest management basis anentire stand should be treated at the sametime; but, since pre-commercial treatmentscan be a financial or physical burden on anowner, the law allows the breakdown to 10acres per year. The DEC is not going tohave any problem with an owner gettingahead of schedule on pre-commercial treat-ments and probably would not require anamendment. If the amendment process ispursued, the DEC forester could give ver-bal approval until written approval can besent.

The author says "he cannot anticipateevery sale" and the law does not allow himto respond to opportunities. This is true.What the law expects an owner and/or hisforester to anticipate in the plan is when theforest will need treatment, i.e. what is bestfor the forest, not the owner. Plans can beamended to respond to storm damage,insect and disease damage, flooding andthe like and to delay harvests a short time

NY FOREST OWNER

during extremely depressed markets.Mr. Kernan complains that his land had

areas that should not be managed for timberbut were included in the DEC approvedplan. The DEC does not write the plan, theowner's forester, or in this case, the owner,does. If the owner has acreage that he doesnot chose to manage for timber then itshould be indicated as non-committed for-est land in the plan; DEC will not requirecommitment.

This presentation was followed by aquestion and comment period for thosepresent. The audience included some 480Aparticipants who expressed only positivereactions to dealing with DEC foresters. Ithink any owner who is genuinely inter-ested in forest management will have thesame reaction. But there are some ownerswhose main impetus for participation is thetax break with little desire or interest inmanagement and they tend to need "prod-ding" to put it mildly.

One owner who does not own enoughacreage had a two part question. First, if hebought enough acreage across the roadfrom his present land so he had a total of 50acres of forest would this be eligible as hehad conflicting information as to whether itwould be contiguous if divided by the road.Answer: If the road is not a limited accesshighway such as the thruway or interstateand the properties on either side meet, all orin part (other than one common corner),then it would be contiguous.

Second part - what if he anticipatedselling road frontage? Answer: do not com-mit the road frontage but maintain 50 acresof forest and a strip along the road so bothparcels remain contiguous and also so hehas access to the rest beyond. Ifhe commit-ted that frontage initially and later with-drew it to sell building lots he would facethe rollback of taxes for a partial conversionon the acres sold.

Another owner asked about the produc-tion of other forest products such as nuts andthe eligibility as forest land. Answer: - theharvest of other products - nuts, maplesyrup and such - is allowed with no tax duebut timber production must be the manage-men t objecti ves. If the owner does not wishto be required to harvest the nut trees astimber when they are mature and nut pro-duction is their primary objective, theyshould not commit that acreage.

B

A fmal question was - what happenswhen .you die? Answer: the commitmentgoes to the heirs.

In summation, Section 480A gives atimber production tax exemption and thoseprivate forest owners who are not orientedin this direction should become active inefforts for tax relief in some form for theother benefits of the forests such as pre-serving open space and retarding forestfragmentation.

ErnieHammerie,aNYSDECRegion7Sr.Forester at the Sherburne Office. moder-ated a 480A Workshop April 24 during theafternoon of the Spring Meeting. Thesenotes are excerpts of that session.

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JULY/AUGUST 1993

LEGISLATION AND TAXESBy David J. ColliganT he taxes on our forest lands continue

to rise. The only tax abatement relieffor New York forest owners is Real

Property Tax Law (RPTL) section 480-a.This tax relief has so many controversialprovisions that most forest owners havedeclined to take advantage of the 480-aprogram. A new law, A5850, sponsored byMssr. Gunter and King in the Assemblyand by Mr. Stafford in the Senate as S438,changes the historic "ad valorem" tax struc-ture based upon "highest use" to "currentuse" for qualified forest owners. Forestlandowners are provided with a reductionin their property taxes in exchange for a

r Help a new tax law,"'"

A5850 and S438;changes" highest use"

\. to "current use". ~

commitment to continue to grow trees andnot subject the property to development.This is the same exemption that the previ-ous laws provided (480-a and its precursor480) but the localities are no longer goingto be asked to shoulder the burden ofenrollment. Local resentment will be re-duced because there will be a lessening inthe shift from exempt properties to otherproperty tax payers. This approach to main-taining forest lands is more affordable thanother alternatives, such, as full fee acquisi-tion. We must communicate our supportfor A5850 and S 438 by writing to our stateAssemblymen immediately. This bill hasalready passed the state Senate.

At the Federal level, taxes also are in theforefront. U,S. tax policy used to encour-age the growing of trees by allowing land-owners to deduct their annual managementexpenses from taxable income. At the timeof harvest, the government also provided asignificant capital gains exclusion as a wayof encouraging long term investment inforestry. This was all eliminated in 1986under the guise of "tax reform". The 1993Reforestation Tax Act, HR 960 was intro-duced in the House with the support of 35sponsors from 17 states with provisions forPassive Loss (expensing) and capital gainsrelief. However, that piece of legislationfailed to clear the hurdles in the House after

NY FOREST OWNER

Congressman DeFazio wanted to placelog export restrictions on private landown-ers as a requirement for getting the capitalgains relief. This restriction would effectEastern forest owners now that hardwoodlog exports to Europe are increasing.

Very few stand-alone bills make it tolaw in the U.S. Congress. HR 960 wasintended to be appended to the new Clintontax bill. There is but one last chance. AModified Reforestation Tax Act withoutthe log export restrictions needs to beintroduced and sponsored in the U.S. Sen-ate. Write and ask your Senators (Moynihanand D'Amato) to support and/or co-spon-sor the Senate version of HR 960.

Demonstrate that we forest owners areunited in our support of fair taxes to ensurefamily forestry investments. When writ-ing to your elected representative 1) Bebrief and to the point. Describe the impor-tance of fair taxes to your family and thatA 5850 and S 438 at the state level or theSenate version of HR 960 without logexport restrictions at the Federal level willhelp achieve the mutual goals of economi-cally viable forestland and long term com-mitment to good forestry. 2) Ask yourlegislator to be a co-sponsorDavid J.Colligan is NYFOA's legislative liaisonand a Buffalo Attorney at Law.

For an interesting article on RPTL andCurrent Use, see: Landmark Tax Ruling,NY FOREST OWNER 13, SIO 92.

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Dear Editor:This letter is in response to Mr.

Henry Kernan's article "Lament fora Law", in the March/April issue ofthe Forest Owner. Our property hasbeen enrolled in the 480A programfor over two years and the programhas been a very positive one. Wehave experienced substantial prop-erty tax savings and the law require-ments haven't been overly restric-tive,

Mr. Kernan states that he pre-pared the management plan for hisproperty, but complains of the re-quirement to complete 10 acres ofTSI in December 1979 and 10 inJanuary 1980. He prepared the planand could have spread out the workschedule to make it easier for him tocomplete. In my case someone elsewas hired to prepare the plan, but Iapproved it prior to submission toDEe and I had the opportunity tomake modification recommenda-tions.

Mr. Kernan also discusses fourstands of timber on his property whichshould not be cut and removed. Heshould not have included these par-cels in the plan. The owner has theoption of deleting parcels such as theones mentioned by Mr. Kernan.

The workplan is a guide and canbe modified as conditions change.We sold timber last December whichwas not indicated in the workplan;approval from the DEe forester wasreceived within a few days and thecutting operation was quickly under-way and no delay occurred. We havenot been hassled by our DEe foresterregarding the timber sale price or thefirewood sale price. The DEe for-ester has been most cooperative andthe program has worked well.

480A is not a perfect law andcould be simplified, but it is farbetter than Mr. Kernan's article indi-cates.

John Krebs

John is a Director ofNYFOA.

JULY/AUGUST 1993

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CATSKILL FOREST ASSOCIATIONAn integral part of CFA' s mission is to

advise landowners about forest manage-ment through an on-site visit. During thewalk we will discuss your goals. These canconcern timber, wildlife, water, soil, di-versity and other management areas. Basedon this discussion and the status of theforest, our forester can give you ideasabout how to achieve your goal.

Since CFA does not perform manage-ment services, we will refer you to forest-ers, loggers and other professionals whocan design and implement a forest man-agement plan. In addition, we will de-scribe the positive and negative aspects ofvarious state and federal programs such asthe Forest Tax Law and the StewardshipIncentive Program. For landowners al-ready under a forest management plan wecan inspect your woodlot for certificationas an American Tree Farm. In the eventthat you have contracted with a forester ora logger to perform a service, we can giveyou a second opinion oftheir advice so thatyour are comfortable with them.

Two of CFA's upcoming events: lillylQ - Pruning Workshop. September 11 --CFA Annual Meeting.

THRIFTOn May 1, Charles Valentine main-

tained a booth at the Camden Spring Fling,with about 300 attending.

May 6,16 members met at Curtis furni-ture Co. on Route 342, in Jefferson County.

Peter Curtis conducted an interestingtour of his modern facility. He guided usthrough the details of furniture making;including, the purchase of the finest kilndried lumber, mostly oak, cherry and maple;the use of plans, and the cutting, sanding,assembling, gluing, staining and other ac-tivities involved.

His base is not only local; but the prod-ucts are shipped throughout the U.S. Healso has a table going to Japan for anIndustrial Trade Show. About 50% of hissales are to soldiers at nearby Fort Drum,and about 50% of his business is customwork.

THRIFT will have a booth atWoodsmen's Field Days at Boonville onAugust 20-21-22, 1993.

SOUTHERN TIER

DEe Senior Forester Bill Betts discusses the TSI work done in the Haslett woodlot.Mike Greason, AssociateDECForester, Senior forester Bill Betts led a tour of the

responsible for private lands forestry, ad- forestland, including a480AProgram Thin-dressed the May 11 Meeting. Mike com- ning and a new Norway Spruce Plantationmented on a wide range of forestry related Planting. Harold also proved that his troutissues with particular focus on forest land pond contains trout up to 22".taxation and the 480-A tax exemption. A survey of members will be mailed in

The Harold Haslett farm in Greene was July to determine future program direction.the site of a May 22nd Woodswalk. DEC Meetings will resume in September.

, SOUTHEASTERN ADIRONDACKOur thanks to Frank LaBar of Minerva

for a tour of his maple syrup operation onApril 10. Snowshoes, boots, and raingearwere in vogue as it was raining and theground retained a snow cover up to 18". Alone Chestnut tree was observed amongthe Maples which were tapped with tubingrunning down to the sugar house. JohnHastings arranged an excellent tour withat least four foresters and two sugar-mak-ers in attendance.

WESTERN FINGER LAKES40 people attended Dale Schaefer's

woodswalk held on May 15th. CharlieMowatt and Dale led the group through thewoodlot which is in the final stages of atimber harvest. With only the clean-up leftto do, everyone could judge the results oflogging (both good and bad). A specialthanks to Charlie and Marion Mowatt fortheir help and Bruce Penrod for his inputon wildlife.

Our May Meeting was held at the IoniaFire Hall; we are considering holding oneor two meetings a year outside the City ofRochester, since the Chapter covers such alarge area. Anyone with comments or sug-gestions on this matter, please advise oneof the steering committee members.g; call CFA for details, 914-586-3054.

CENTRAL NEW YORKOurchapterhelda Woods walk atWild-

wood Acres Tree Farm. This is TomEllison's Tree Farm in Pompey, NY. Thewalk held on June 12th, was about Mul-tiple Use Forest Management. Our chap-ter has a new Chair in Bill Minerd; BobSykes is our Vice-Chair. We have heldseveral steering committee meetings todiscuss the Fall NYFOA meeting, whichthe chapter is hosting. It will be held atHeiberg Forest in Tully, NY on Septem-ber 24th and 25th. We are trying to raffleoff a beautiful quilt that Betty Wagner hashandmade for us. It is hoped that we cangenerate needed funds with this raffle.

People and 'Trees, Partners in 'Time,NY FOREST OWNER 10 JULY/AUGUST 1993

NIAGARA FRONTIERThere will be a general meeting on July

8th at the East Aurora Library at 7 p.m. tohelp plan future activities. All membersare urged to attend to help our chapter planactivities that will best serve the needs ofmembers.

On July 10 at 10 a.m. we will meet atTom and Gerry Casey's place at 3255Sodom Road, Gainesville, N.Y. for ourannual picnic and to walk through Casey'swoods to understand the rationale of mark-ing timber for a future harvest. Bring a dishto pass and meat to grill. For more infor-mation call Tom Casey at 716-322-7398.

LOWER HUDSONOn Saturday, April 17, LHC members

had an opportunity to attend a workshop onTaxation of Open Land, sponsored by theDutchess Land Conservancy. In return forthe chapters assistance in providing mail-ing labels and advertising the event, ad-mission fees were waived for NYFOAmembers. The workshop covered topicssuch as the shift in the tax burden to openland, the true costs of community services(i.e., Does housing pay for the services itdemands?"ls there a better way to pay forthese services?), shielding open land fromhigh taxes and trying to make the land payfor itself. A discussion of conservationeasements, the Agricultural Districts Law,and the Forest Tax Law followed. Speak-ers included Jerry Cosgrove, the NY fieldrepresentative for the American FarmlandTrust; Dave Tetor, Agricultural ExtensionAgent with Dutchess County CooperativeExtension and Supervisor for the Town ofStanford; Ira Stem, Executive Director ofthe Dutchess Land Conservancy, and NYSDEC Region 3 Sr. Forester, Bob Davis.

We are in the planning stages of an-other Bus Tour, tentatively slated to takeplace this fall. This trip would focus onwatershed management techniques viademonstrations and discussions of differ-ent cutting practices by foresters and land-owners in southwestern Massachusetts andnorthwestern Connecticut, where they havea more "active" management philosophythan does our local NYC watershed. Thiswill likely be a combined effort with theRegion 3 Forest Practice Board, the localchapter of the Society of American Forest-ers, DEC, and any other group willing toput up the $ needed to make it happen.

ALLEGHENY FOOTHILLSMore than 40 people attended our

woods walk of Hanging Bog Game Man-agement Area in Cuba; N.Y .. DEC Wild-life Biologist, Gary Klock and State For-ester, Ron Abraham took us through sev-eral 5-10 acre clearcuts done over the pastseveral years to improve wildlife habitat.They pointed out the benefits to wildlife ofclearcuts, the establishment of more edgecover and the rapid regeneration on thecuts.

Our chapter discussed the recent devel-opment of a proposed gift of 437 acres onthe South Branch of Cattaraugus Creek bymember, Bill Burgett as a demonstrationarea of good forest stewardship practices.While details are still being worked out;the possibility of networking with groupssuch as the Nature Conservancy and West-ern New York Land Trust to form a part-nership to maintain this land as a publiceducational showcase of good stewardshipis a very exciting prospect. Our officersand key members are working with Mr.Burgett and the other agencies to try toeffect a proposal that suits all or us; includ-ing the AFC membership and the Board ofDirectors of NYFOA.

On July 24th we will have our annualpicnic; this year at Al Brown's home onChautauqua Lake in Stow, N.Y. Call B.Densmore at 716-942-6600 for more de-tails. On August 14 at 10 a.m. Irene Szabo,Pres. Finger lakes Trail Conference willlead us on a downhill walk on a portion ofthe trail that explores Little Rock City. Wewill meet at Elkdale Country Club on NY353 (4 miles south of Little Valley).CallB.Densmore or Irene Szabo at 716-658-4321for more information.

CAYUGAArbor Day 1993 the chapter ceremoni-

ously installed a boulder and plaque tocommemorate the U.S. Civilian Conser-vation Corps Camp SP33 at its former sitein Fillmore Glen State Park. This was thesecond such effort by the chapter to recog-nize the value ofthe 1930' s program to ournatural resources; see: Hail New York,NY FOREST OWNER, 11, May/Jun 91.

May 25 the chapter cosponsored withthe Owasco Watershed/Lake Association(OWL) a woodswalk of hardwoods markedfor harvest and a conifer plantation thin-ning in progress. The 7 PM program wasprepared for the regularly scheduled meet-ing of the Cayuga County EnvironmentalManagement Council and the general pub-lic. This unique 170-acre parcel, the LockeWater Works Woods was previously de-scribed in the FOREST OWNER (16,Mar/Apr 87). The tour was again led byCharles Scott, Caretaker, with hospitalityprovided by Tom Hewitt, an adjoininglandowner. The Cayuga County EMC willattend another woodswalk after the har-vest is completed.

Play it again, Sam.

Dear Edi tor,I would like to thank all the people

who helped in any way to have a largeboulder and bronze plaque placed inFillmore Glen State Park commemo-rating the work of the U. S. CivilianConservation Corps in the FingerLakes Region - especially the mem-bers of the Cayuga Chapter of theNew York Forest Owners Associa-tion who sponsored the monument inthe Glen as well as the one two yearsago for the Reforestation Camp inSempronius.

The work of "Roosevelt's TreeArmy" is still in evidence allover theUSA and is being enjoyed 60 yearslater by thousands of people everyday.

May the 'Spirit of the CCC's liveon!

, Lfee' SignorCCC Alumnus

rrfiintqfoba{{y, Ylct Loca{{y, rrogetfierNY FOREST OWNER 11 JULY/AUGUST 1993

THE 1993 HEIBERG MEMORIAL AWARDBy Bob Sand, Awards Chair

Svend O. Heiberg. a renowned Profes-sor of Silviculture. devoted much of hiscareer at the N.Y. College of Forestry . Dr.Heiberg first proposed an association ofForest Landowners in N.Y. State. He en-listed the efforts of Dean Shirley. andtogether they initiated this successful for-est owners association. This award is pre-sented in his memory.

The first award was made to DeanHardy L. Shirley at the 4th Annual Meet-ing on April 30. 1966. It is for recognitionfor outstanding contributions in the fieldsof forestry and conservation in New YorkState.

Past recipients of the HEIBERG ME-MORIAL AWARD:1967 David B. Cook1968 Floyd Carlson1969 Mike Demeree1970 No Award1971 Fred Winch. Jr.1972 John Stock1973 Robert M. Ford1974 C. Eugene Farnsworth1975 Alex. Dickson1976 Edward W. Littlefield1977 Maurice Postley

1978 Ralph Nyland1979 Fred C. Simmons1980 Dr. William Harlow1981 Curtis H. Bauer1982 Neil B. Gutchess1983 David W. Taber1984 John W. Kelley1985 Robert G. Potter1986 Karyn B. Richards1987 Henry G. Williams1988 Robert M. Sand1989 Willard G. Ives1990 Ross S. Whaley1991 Robert S. Stegemann1992 Bonnie & Don Colton

MICHAEL C. GREASON graduatedfrom the Univ. of Massachusetts with a BSin Forestry in 1964. At age 14. Michaelfound summer vacation employment in asawmill. He married as a college freshmanand became a self-employed logger to meetall education expenses. After working as apublic and private forester in New Englandin 1969. he began his present career withNYSDEC. first working out of the CatskillOffice until he was promoted to AssociateForester. In 1980 he went on to new respon-sibilities at the State level in Albany whereMike has been involved with the adrninis-

Photo by Dave Taber

Erwin Fullerton (left) and Pauline (Polly) Fullerton receive their Awardfrom SteveWarne. NYS DEC Region 5 Forester and Sue Kiester. Vice Chairman NYS Tree FarmCommittee. Erwin and Polly Fullerton of Hudson Falls. manage 260 acres of forest,some of which. they have owned 25 years. They were leaders in the formation of theSoutheastern Adirondack Chapter. attended Master Forest Owner Workshop (Class of1992) and a Conservationist of the Year for Warren County.

NY FOREST OWNER 12

Photo by Dave Taber

PeggyandMike Greason with theHeiberg.

tration of Private Forestry and related pro-grams. Since 1985. he has been the SectionChief for Private/Urban Forestry. Mikeserved with the Forest Stewardship Com-mittee. New York Institute of ConsultingForesters and DEC Service Foresters indeveloping the Stewardship Incentives Pro-gram recognized as best in the country for1992. (New York had $1,051,000 commit-ted to forest owners. an amount more than$300.000 above the #2 state) Many N.Y.forest owners feel that this outstandingaccomplishment resulted because MichaelGreason exhibited a great measure of lead-ership and preserverance. We wish to ac-knowledgeNYFOA'sappreciation toMike.

Michael has been an active SAF mem-ber since 1969, serving on a number ofimportant committees. as well as Chair-man of NYSAF for the last two years. Hehas authored numerous articles that havebeen published in a long list of forestryperiodicals. including the NY FORESTOWNER. NATIONAL WOODLANDS.The CONSERVATIONIST. TheAMERI-CAN TREE FARMER. The JOURNALOF FORESTRY. as well as others. Mikeis a NYFOA member and a Tree Farmmember; and has been active with thedevelopment of the Capitol District Chap-ter.

JULY/AUGUST 1993

By Bob Sand, Awards ChairThis award is recognition for outstand-

ing service to the New York Forest OwnersAssociation, and is awarded to WESLEYE. SUHRoftheTown ofFine,St. LawrenceCounty, OSWEGATCHIE, NEW YORK.

Past recipients:1978 Emiel Palmer1979 Ken Eberly1980 Helen Varian1981 J. Lewis Dumond1982 Lloyd Strombeck1983 Evelyn Stock1984 Dorothy Wertheimer1985 David H. Hanaburgh1986 A.W. Roberts, JT.1987 Howard O. Ward1988 Mary & Stuart McCarty1989 Alan R. Knight1990 Earl Pfamer1991 Helen & John Marchant1992 Richard J. Fox.

Wes Suhr is a professional forester,having graduated with a BS in Forestryfrom the Univ. of Minnesota in 1958.Followed then by five years with the U.S.Forest Service in Arizona in 1965. Hecontinued his Forest Service career withassignments in the Supervisor's Office inPhoenix involved with Soil/Water/Wild-life, before transferring to the RegionalOffice in San Francisco, Calif. with as-signed Soil/Water responsibilities. Forthree years ('72-'74), Wes operated hisSuhr Nursery & Tree Farm business. in1974 he accepted a teaching Professorshipwith the SUNY CESF Forest TechnicianProgram at the Wanakena Campus. In1982 he was appointed Director and servedin that capacity for three years. He retiredfrom full time teaching in 1988, returningtemporarily in 1989 and 1991 to acceptcontract teaching assignments.

Weshas served as a NYFOA Director.For seven years he was our FORESTOWNER "Ask a Forester", and presentlyserves as Editor of the WOODLANDSTEW ARD. Wes has been chair of theNorthern Adirondack Chapter (NAC) sinceits inception in 1991. He serves as editor ofthe NAC Newsletter and represents St.Lawrence County on the Region 6 ForestPractice Board.

Since 1959, Wes has been a member ofthe Society of American Foresters. He andhis wife Carol own and manage their 640

NY FOREST OWNER

Photo by Dave Taber

Wes Suhr (/) receives the NYFOA Awardfrom Bob Sand. Awards Committee Chairman.

acre Adirondack forest property. TheSuhrsdesigned and built a beautiful new home ontheir Tree Farm. Utilization for firewoodof both lopwood and cull tree thinnings isan ongoing business, in addition to amaple

syrup operation. Wes writes with keenexpertise. He is an author and educatorwho has freely shared his vast experiencewith our NYFOA membership and othersin New York and beyond.

EDITOR NAMED CONSERVATIONIST OF THE YEARNYFOA director and editor Richard

J. Fox has been named "Conservation-ist of the Year" by his local CayugaCounty Soil and Water ConservationDistrict.

The award was presented on behalfof the Conservation District by districtchairman Earl Lamphere at a March 24awards luncheon.

Mr. Fox was cited for his manyconservation activities, includingfounding the Cayuga Chapter of theNew York Forest Owners Association,being editor of the "The New YorkForest Owner" magazine, serving onthe Region 7 Forest Practice Board andthe Cayuga County EnvironmentalManagement Council, as well as hisinvolvement with the Cayuga CountyConservation Field Days and the CabinFever Festival.

He was nominated for the honor byTimothy M. Noga, on behalf of theCayuga County Federation of Conser-vation Clubs.

Photo by Sandy Huey

Named Cayuga County Conservation-ist of the Year: Forest Owner editorR ichard J. Fox (c) receives commenda-tionfrom Cayuga County Soil and Wa-ter Conservation District Chairman EarlLamphere. District Executive DirectorJames Hotaling looks on.

13 JULY/AUGUST 1993

Recognition ofBob Sand

Photo by Dave Taber

Lou and Bob Sand withSpecial Recognition Award.

By Don Wagner, NYFOA PresidentAs we celebrate the thirtieth anni-

versary of NYFOA there are manythings to be remembered and one ofthe most important is our roots andthose individuals who best representthem. The organization has under-gone some fairly dramatic changesover the past five years. We have seenthe highest growth rate in membershipin our history and we have seen threelocal chapters and two affiliates in-crease to a total of thirteen. Our imageinside the forestry community hasimproved and our opinion and counselis more frequently sought as we areasked to participate in a variety offorestry related matters. Our pool ofvolunteer talent has expanded mark-edly which has resulted in board mem-bers and elected officers with diversebackgrounds, skills and many ideasfor change.

Butas there has been change, therehas always been a steadying influencewithin the organization, someone whohas been there since our very begin-nings. That individual is Bob Sand. Itruly believe we need to remind our-selves, at this special occasion, justhow fortunate we have been to havehad such a steadfast, guiding influ-ence. So we thank you Bob for all youhave been and all you will continue to

toNYFOA.

NY FOREST OWNER

tions are reviewed by the National SAFRecognition Committee and recommenda-tions are forwarded to the SAF Council fora vote. These nominations were approved.

Jack and Harriet received their Member-ship Certificates atthe NYSAF winter meet-

in Rochester.

Society of American Foresters Honorary Memberships

Photo by Dave Taber

Mike Greason. recent Chairman NYSAF presents Membership Certificateto NYFOA Executive Director John C. Marchant.

During the 1992 Annual Meeting, theNew York Society of American Foresters(SAF) presented three awards: a Commu-nity Service Award to NYFOA, an Educa-tion Award to Dr. John and HarrietHamilton and a Communication Award toJohn Marchant.

TheNYSAFExecutiveCommitteewasso impressed with the efforts of thesepeople, they submitted nominations forthe HamiItons and John Marchant forHonorary Membership in SAF. To date, inthe 100 years of SAF, New York has hadtwo Honorary Members, Mike Demeree,the renown father of the Forest Tax Law(RPTL 480-a) and Reverend Frank Reed,who spent years carrying logger safetyand stewardship messages to loggingcamps. This honor is reserved for non-foresters who have made truly outstand-ing contributions to forestry. Nomina-

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HONOR ROLLhe Membership Incentive Campaign is history, but you would not know itT from the results during the past five months! Forty-seven new members wereintroduced by those listed and another thirty-two came in through miscella-

neous sources. Karen Anderson who accounted for 2 new members will be missedin many ways and certainly as a premier recruiter for NYFOA.

Let's keep the momentum going!Mary Kay Allen SCT 2Gerald Andritz Ren. Co. 1Karen Anderson AFC 2Ron Cadieux SAC 4Dave Colligan NFC 1Tom Ellison CNY 1Dick Fox CAY 1Erwin/pauline Fullerton SAC 1Don and Suzi Grosz WFL 1John Hastings SAC 4John/Harriet Hamilton WFL 2Bob Howard NAC 1Harry Howe NAC 1Verner Hudson CNY 1Ed. Janulionis AFC 1Thomas Kane Steuben Co.Je~ Lazarizuk 1Mary McCarty WFL 2Billy Morris WFL 2Charlie Mowatt AFC 4Mowatt/M. Greason 1Mowatt/D. Swanson/ T. Anderson WFL 1Robert Nagle AFC 1Bruce Robinson AFC 1B. Robinsonff. Friar AFC 1Bob Sand TIO 1Dale Schaefer WFL 2Steve Sloan CDC 1Dave Waldron 1Dennis Wilson AFC 1Robert Wood NFC 1Ned/Diane Young NFC 1

6/3/93 Membership Committee

"- ~

NY FOREST OWNER 15

Tree Farm& NYFOA

MembersofTreeFarm'sandNYFOA'sexecutive committees have been talkinginformally about how these two fine orga-nizations can work more closely. Our aimsare similar, some of our memberships over-lap, and there is unquestioned strength innumbers.

We want to stress that all discussions todate have been very preliminary in natureand totally non-committal on both parts.Weare not ready to do anything formally.We believe, however, that there are somepretty persuasive reasons for examiningthe possibilities more closely.

1. NYFOA has been struggling to in-crease its membership for years. Increasedmembership would provide the organiza-tion with a lot more political clout than itnow has at a time when resource issues aregaining strength.

Only 322 Tree Farmers are NYFOAmembers. This means that there are poten-tially 2200 new NYFOA members amongthe Tree Farm ranks. If we could get half ofthese Tree Farmers to join NYFOA, itwould increase NYFOA's coffers $16,000a year.

2. And Tree Farm might benefit sub-stantially by bringing this infusion of newmembers into NYFOA. NYFOA alreadyhas the computerized data base that TreeFarm so badly needs. Having access to thatdata base would allow Tree Farm to easilyput together mailings to Tree Farmers andInspecting Foresters.

3. And both organizations would ben-efit substantially by having strongerrepre-sentation in Albany. The voice of the forestcommunity could be greatly bolstered.

At its annual meeting in March, theTree Farm Committee discussed some ofthese possibilities and endorsed furtherexploration.

If you would like to have input on thisprocess please contact either Frank Rose,Chairman, N.Y.S. Tree Farm Committee,Coastal Lumber Co., Box 68, Cayuta, NY14824, (607)594-3321, or Sue Keister,Vice-Chair, N.Y.S. Tree Farm Commit-tee, 7025 Harpers Ferry Rd., Wayland, NY14572, (716)728-3044.

JULY/AUGUST 1993

The pine false webwonn, a defoliatorcurrently causing severe damage to Scotsand white pines in St. Lawrence andFranklin Counties, belongs to a relatedfamily known as the webspinning saw-flies. The latter also are colonial, but thecaterpillars live in conspicuous nests of

The Pine-Feeding SawfliesBy Douglas Allen

Sawflies in the genusN eodiprion (Neo-dip-ree-on) feed on pines, larch,spruces, Douglas-fir, hemlocks, or

true firs. Outbreaks result in reduced treegrowth, loss of aesthetic quality and occa-sional tree death. The group that I wish todiscuss here contains several species thatcommonly feed on our northeastern pines.

Fig. 1. Close up of sawfly egg niches.

Though their common name suggestsotherwise, these defoliators are not "flies"but primitive wasps. The name "sawfly" isderived from a peculiar egg laying device(ovipositor) located at the posterior of theadult female. This needle-like projectionhas a series of saw-like notches at the tip.The wasp uses it to puncture needles. Anegg is deposited in the resulting hole or slit,which is referred to as a niche (pronounced"nitch").

The major primitive character that sepa-rates sawflies from other groups of waspsis the manner in which the posterior half ofthe adult is broadly joined to the front halfthat bears the legs, wings and head. Themore highly evolved wasps, such as yellowjackets or hornets, are narrow- or thread-

NY FOREST OWNER

waisted, because the abdomen is joined tothe body by a stem or petiole.

Life HistoryPine feeding sawflies have two distinct

types of life cycles. One group, the ~~, overwinters in the egg stage andlarvae feed in the spring, usually on foliageof the previous year. The latter is a conse-quence of the fact that larval activity usu-ally occurs early in the growing season,before the current'year's foliage develops.Summer feeders, on the other hand, over-winter as full grown larvae in silken co-coons in the litter or attached to the bark ofthe host. Adults develop in late spring orearly summer and larvae feed in mid-summer, usually on new foliage.

Fig. 2. Typical egg cluster of a pinefeeding sawfly.

The most important pine-feeding spe-cies in the northeast are gregarious; that is,eggs are laid in a cluster that encompassesseveral needles (Fig. 2) and larvae feed incolonies. Generally, they have a singlegeneration each year.

16

Fig. 3. Damage to red pine caused by theredheaded pine sawfly.

silk, needle fragments and fecal pellets.Pine feeding sawflies (i.e., species ofNeodiprion) do not build a nest.

OutbreaksPopulation increases are associated with

an abundance of young pine (usually inplantations) and the occurrence of favor-able weather during critical phases of thelife history. Experience suggests thatpopu-lation buildup is most likely to occur inopen grown stands less than 20' tall, instands that are stressed, and during warm,dry summers that favor rapid larval devel-opment and high survival.

JUL Y/AUGUST 1993

Description and BehaviorEach egg is deposited in a hole that the

female wasp cuts in the edge of a needle.This physical injury creates a discoloredspot (Fig. 1). A collection of these niches,a few to several per needle in each ofseveral adjacent needles, is referred to asthe egg cluster (Fig. 2). Following egghatch, larvae feed in colonies and com-pletely defoliate a branch (Fig. 3) beforemoving en masse to another. ~ are.75" - 1.0" long, caterpillar-like, hairless,and distinctly marked with spots and (or)strips (Fig. 4). Many species have bodiesthat taper gradually towards the rear. If acolony is disturbed, individuals often lifttheir front and back ends in unison andwave them back and forth (Fig. 4). Thisreaction is startling and is thought to be adefensive behavior that the exposed larvaeuse to discourage predation.

When larvae complete feeding, theyspin a brown to reddish-brown oblongcocoon. It is within this structure that thelarva transforms into a wasp. A.dl.llli are0.2" to OS' long and yellowish brown toblack with yellowish legs.

Natural EnemiesVarious species of parasitic and preda-

ceous insects attack all sawfly life stages.One of the most important mortality fac-tors is a virus that often decimates larvalpopulations. Generally, however, virus

epidemics occur only at very high sawflydensities. Many birds and small mammalsprey on the larvae and cocooned stages.

ManagementAt this point in time, the only recourse

that a landowner has is to apply a chemicalspray when sawfly infestations threatenmanagement objectives. The bacteriumBacillus thuringiensis, a popular choicefor controlling many other types of defo-liators, is not registered for use againstsawflies. Similarly, even though naturallyoccurring viral diseases commonly knockdown sawfly outbreaks, and some havebeen produced for experimental use, noneare available commercially.

Outbreaks of many species have beenassociated with pine stands that are i)under stress from competition with hard-woods or dense herbaceous vegetation, ii)stressed due to poor site conditions such asfrost pockets, soil that is low in nutrients orexcessively wet or dry soils and iii) opengrown. Pine sawfly problems can be mini-mized by promoting pine on good sites,avoiding sites that are likely to providestiff plant competition and encouragingearly crown closure.

This article is the ninth in the series ofcontributions by Doug Allen. Professor ofForest Entomolgy at SUNY. College ofEnvironmental Science and Forestry.

Fig. 4. Larva of redheaded pine sawfly.

NY FOREST OWNER 17

Come!Join us for awoodswalk in

the Alps!

Come join the New York ForestOwners Association as it toursthe storied forests and villages of

Switzerland, the Black Forest, and Ba-varia, Sept. 19 thru Oct. 3. Meet fasci-nating people, walk their woodlots, tastetheir ways.

The tour includes visits to privatewoodlands, sawmills, ancient castles,Alpine mountaintops, country towns,and Munich at Oktoberfest.

Your tour will be fully escorted byan experienced woodlot-owner tourmanager and a multi-lingual Swissguide. Your package price includes air-fare, modem tour bus, all admissionfees, and many meals (we've learnedover the years that people prefer not tobe tied down for every meal).

For a detailed brochure, send astamped, self-addressed business sizeenvelope to NYFOA Tours, 96 TargoshRoad, Candor, New York 13743.

JULY/AUGUST 1993

Selling Herbal Tree Farm Products:A NEW MARKET?

By Jane Sorensen Lord"Sounds like snake oil, Jane" our editor

said.I had started to read him the new label

I wrote for my herb oils:

'Essential :J-{er6and Jlromatic ouSpring 1993

:Trom tlie (jaraen and Tree :TannOJ'lJr. Jane Lon!

'This oil is aesignea to neuron and restorebalance to aging aruf aamageisK.in. 'The essentialoils of cedar aruf lemon.are said.to promote darityof mind and tfiougnt .... '

That's when he stopped me. I told himhe could say and think what he wanted, butthat I am always behind in orders becauseI keep running out of little bottles.

I also let him know that people pay mewholesale, $10.00 a bottle (1 oz. in adropper amber bottle, 2 oz. in a clearplastic cosmetic bottle). Over ten times thevalue of maple syrup wholesale.

Women spend considerably more thanthe military budget on beauty products,and Americans spend $10.5 billionunreimbursed for "Wellness" products.

Besides, we got$8500 for 100,000 boardfeet of timber in 1987 and I needed to finda way to make some money from my TreeFarm while I waited for timber and Christ-mas trees to grow.

I started making herbal oils in 1988 --formyseJfand my husband Gordon. Friendsnoticed our good, healthy skin and offeredto buy what I made. (The oils, bottles, jarsand beeswax cost). So I complied, whip-ping up potions as needed for use, sale orgifts.

In thesummerofl990, when I started tostudy the medical aspects of herbs for mynaturopathic degree, I went berserk. Al-most all plants and trees have healing uses.And here they all were, right on my land,waiting for me to use them! I put up 25quarts of herbs in canola oil. Beech, birch,white pine, wintergreen, yarrow -- you getthe idea.

Naturopathic doctors are trained in hu-man anatom y/physiology, chronic disease,massage, nutrition, vitamins, herbs, ho-meopathic drugs and the like. BUT, in NewYork, we don't have licenses, so I won'tprescribe herbs to ingest; but to wear is adifferent story.

I sell my "vintage" (crops vary) oils and

NY FOREST OWNER

cremes through enthusiastic users and tolittle shops. I cannot devote full time toselling herbal skin products, because Ihave a busy private practice.

There is a market, though, visit healthfood stores and look at the cosmetics. Buya basic herb book and one on kitchencosmetics. Combine the canola oils withthe best nutrition quality oils (avocado,coconut, walnut, etc.).

The herbs Ipick in spring and summerdon't cure until fall and winter, so makingthe oils doesn't detract from Tree Farmtime or markets. To melt beeswax, Iuse themicrowave oven in preference to stove topor oven because it is easier to work in smallbatches.

The oils do work. Skins become softer,more evenly textured. Spider veins dimin-ish (horsetail). Ihavea 100% re-salerecord.I gave a bottle to a friend who is a

package designer based in Hong Kong.She got so excited after using it that shewants to design bottles and jars to promotemore sales. I told her I couldn't makeenough for the mass market.

"Can't other Tree Farmers make it, too?"

Editorial Committee.The articles by Dr. Jane Sorensen areexcellent. Much of what she talks aboutwould be most interesting to try.

My father was a pediatrician and mywife is a nurse so we don't do anything toofar out of line but have taken the childrento a naturopath until he retired and weremost satisfied.

Anything Dr. Sorensen has to writeabout should be worth reading.

In general. The New YorkForestOwnergets better and better. You people do suchafine job.

Thanks.Jim Foster; Laughlin. PA

See Page 2 for NYFOA Disclaimer

Ken Westfall (607) 693·1031

APPALACHIN FORESTRYP. O. Box 208 Harpursville.NY 13787SERVICES & TIMBER APPRAISAL

T.5.1. Work Done

Marketing Forest Products& Forest Properties*'licensed for real estate

18

Law Saves Landownersfrom Liability

By Floyd KingRalph Celentani of East Rochester, who

owns 133 acres offarmland in the SouthernTier, writes in to ask if he is liable ifsomeone is injured on his land.

Since Celentani does not charge for theuse of his land and accepts no gifts for itsuse he definitely is not liable for anyoneinjured thereon.

His acres are posted but the non liabilitywould apply even if they were not.

To cope with this thorny problem, thestate legislature in September, 1979, en-acted a General Obligations Law that pro-vides:

"Assuming no fee is charged and noother consideration is received, the land-owner owes no duty to keep his premisessafe for woodcutting or gathering wood,hunting, fishing, trapping, training of dogs,boating, canoeing, hiking, horsebackriding,bicycling, motorized vehicle operation forrecreational purposes, snowmobiling,cross-country skiing, hang gliding and caveexploration. "

The law goes all out in protecting thelandowners while holding out an olivebranch to outdoor recreationists.

That was its intent - to make moreoutdoor recreation available without pe-nalizing the landowner.

In the 14 years that the General Obliga-tions Law has been in operation there havebeen some lawsuits, almost all having to dowith woodcutting which is considered haz-ardous.

As a result, Cornell University's Coop-erative Extension has issued a pamphlet onLiability Considerations for New YorkWoodland Owners. Tommy L. Brown ofCornell's Department of Natural Resources,is the author.

This pamphlet spells out how a land-owner can make a timber sale or allow afriend to cut firewood on his land on asharing basis and still protect himself froma lawsuit if something goes wrong.

Anyone planning a timber sale or gift offirewood should check it out.

Recreational liability is covered in moredetail in the fact sheetRecreationalAccessand Owner Liability, available from theDepartment of Natural Resources, CornellUniversity, Fernow Hall, Ithaca, N.Y.14853.

Floyd King is the Rochester Democrat andChronicle outdoors columnist.from whichthis is excerpted. Ralp Celentani and FloydKing are both members of The WesternFinger Lakes Chapter.

JUL Y/AUGUST 1993

ROOTS AND BRANCHESBy Wayne Oakes

Roots in the sense of where we comefrom. Branches in the sense of where wemay go.

For an unknown amount of time be-fore the Christian Era, there existed inEuropean mythologies a Green Man.This Green Man has survived in art,literature, architecture, and folk customdown to the present. The image of theGreen Man is carved in stone in churchesand cathedrals of much of Europe and isrepresented in such stories as Sir Gawainand the Green Knight and Robin Hood.The "Hood" of Robin's name is a con-traction for "of the wood." One earlyappearance of the Green Man is as theRoman god of the woods - Silvanus(English words sylvan and silvacultureare derivatives).

This figure, variously known as GreenMan, Jack in the Green, Robin Hood,King of May, and the Garland, is stillhonored inMay-Day celebrations in partsof Northern and Central Europe. In thesecelebrations, a dancer is dressed com-pletely in leaves and often suffers amock death at the end of the proceed-ings. It may be surprising to find thatsuch rituals still exist, and yet we tend toforget such obvious remnants of pagannature worship as the Christmas tree andour use of mistletoe.

The image of the Green Man in artand architecture is usually representedby a face with vines, leaves, etc. growingout of the mouth and surrounding thehead. In some representations, it is un-clear if the vegetation is being disgorgedor eaten, but this may bean intentional~mbiguity that points to the Green Manas a symbol of death and rebirth. In onelegend transcribed by William Caxton,when Adam died, his son Seth placedthree seeds from the Tree of Mercy in hisfather's mouth and these grew into threetrees on his grave. These trees later .provided the wood for the Cross. Thesymbolism of death and rebirth mayprovide a clue as to why the Green Manand other examples of nature worshipwere absorbed into the Christian icono g-raphy of the European church.

In any case, the Green Man has longbeen viewed as a steward of the forestand as a liaison between man and nature.Itis in this role that the leaved face of theGreen Man may reappear to mediate

between the environmental movementand the commercial wood interests. Justas the trees of the forests recognizes theaxe handle as one of them, so too theenvironmentalists must recognize thatthe woods worker is one of them - andvice versa. The death and rebirth of treesand the Green Man is ongoing.

from The .9l.rcfiives,

An EditorialBy Alan Knight

The wind has shifted, as it alwaysdoes. Five years ago the breeze broughta message about ecology. It became ahurricane. "Our economic, technologi-cal and social progress will mean little ifit's paid for in polluted waters, contami-nated skies, and a ravaged natural heri-tage," said our Governor Rockefeller in1970.

The wind has shifted. Just as thetornado smells of freshly plowed soil,today's wind has its aroma. An eco-nomic storm seems to be blowing Gov-ernor Rockefeller's statement aroundbackwards. Clearly, the new priority ison economic "development." "Jobs" and"tax base" are replacing "open space"and "environmental impact" as bywordsof our time.

Forest owners sit in the eye of thestorm. As members of this associationthey should appreciate the cause of envi-ronmental quality. And the sale of forestproducts, an economic activity, financestheir ability to manage their natural re-sources. They know both sides of theissue.

Me? I just wonder if there is a middleground, and if so, where is it?

From FOREST OWNER Sept/Oct 76

A KOANBy R. FoxIt's a biological axiom;It's a universal then,That each unitSeeks to be unique.

It's a biological axiom;It's a universal then,That each unitIs codependant.

Where's the Middle, What's the Order?

NY FOREST OWNER 19

_~ CLEAR CREEK"'~~ CONSULTING

Profes.lonal Forestry ServiceS

nmber Appraisals • nmber Marking •nmber Trespasses • Forest Management Plans

And Other Forestry Services

PATRICK J. McGLEW(607) 699-38046

P.O. Box 104Nicholl. NY 13812

ThoringtonForestry Service

******17 Years Experience

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1025 Skyhigh Rd.• Tully, NY 13159315-696-8002

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CONSULTANTS• FOREST PRODUCT MARKING

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(716) 665-54771894 CAMP ST. EXT.

JULY/AUGUST 1993

R.J. Fox, EditorRD#3, Box ssMoravia, NY 13118(315) 497-1078

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Vice President - Real Estate

Crown Building, 100 E. Second StreetJamestown, NY 14701

WOODLOTCALENDARjut 10: CFA; Pruning Workshop;(194) 586-3054jut 10: NFC; 10 AM; Annual Pic-nic with Woods walk; Tom & GerryCasey; Gainesville; (716) 322-7398jut 24: AFC; Annual Picnic; AlBrown's; Stow; (716) 942-6600Aug 10:AFC; lOAM; Woods walk;Elkdale; Irene Szabo, (716) 942-6600Aug 20-22: 46th NYSWOODSMEN'S FIELD DAYS;Forest Seminar; Boonville, (315)942-4593Sept 11: CFA; ANNUAL MEET-ING (914) 586-3054Sept24,25: NYFOAFALLMEET-lNG, Heiberg Forest, Tully, (315)682-9376

NYFOA Information Service 1-800-836-3566NY FOREST OWNER 20 JUL Y/AUGUST 1993