forklift training - general. overview v only trained and evaluated operators can drive forklifts v...

Forklift Training - Forklift Training - GeneralGeneral

OverviewOverview

Only trained and evaluated Only trained and evaluated operators can drive forkliftsoperators can drive forklifts

Employer certifies successful Employer certifies successful completion of training and completion of training and evaluationevaluation

1a

OverviewOverview

Operators can only drive the types Operators can only drive the types of forklifts on which they have of forklifts on which they have been trainedbeen trained

1b

OverviewOverview

Operating a forklift takes:Operating a forklift takes:• SkillSkill• Mechanical knowledgeMechanical knowledge• Knowledge of workplace hazardsKnowledge of workplace hazards

1c

OverviewOverview

Take forklift out of service if Take forklift out of service if defectivedefective

1d

Forklift rulesForklift rules

Don’t stand or pass under raised Don’t stand or pass under raised forksforks

Only handle stable, safely Only handle stable, safely arranged loadsarranged loads

Only handle loads within truck’s Only handle loads within truck’s rated capacityrated capacity

2a


Place forks under load as far as possiblePlace forks under load as far as possible

Only tilt load forward while depositing itOnly tilt load forward while depositing it

High-lift rider trucks need overhead High-lift rider trucks need overhead guards to protect operatorguards to protect operator

2b


Use a safety platform to lift peopleUse a safety platform to lift people

Forklifts must be approved for Forklifts must be approved for hazardous locationshazardous locations

Watch where you are goingWatch where you are going

2c


Never drive up to anyone standing Never drive up to anyone standing in front of a fixed objectin front of a fixed object

Allow no ridersAllow no riders

Keep arms, legs in truckKeep arms, legs in truck

2d


Keep the load close to the groundKeep the load close to the ground

Keep to the rightKeep to the right

Obey speed limitsObey speed limits

2e


Slow down, sound horn where vision Slow down, sound horn where vision is obstructedis obstructed

Maintain safe distances (3 truck Maintain safe distances (3 truck lengths) when following other truckslengths) when following other trucks

Do not pass a truck at dangerous Do not pass a truck at dangerous locationslocations

2f


No stunt driving or horseplayNo stunt driving or horseplay

Ensure enough clearance at Ensure enough clearance at overhead locationsoverhead locations

Stay within loaded/rated capacityStay within loaded/rated capacity

2g


Use mechanical dock locks or set Use mechanical dock locks or set brakes of highway trucks before brakes of highway trucks before driving on trailer.driving on trailer.

Follow any special precautionsFollow any special precautions

2h


Keep aisles free when parking Keep aisles free when parking forkliftforklift

Lower forks, neutralize controls, Lower forks, neutralize controls, shut off engine, and set brakes shut off engine, and set brakes when truck is unattended.when truck is unattended.

2i

Training geared for the Training geared for the workplaceworkplace

Types of trucksTypes of trucks

Site-specific informationSite-specific information

3a

Training topicsTraining topics

Operating instructions, warnings, Operating instructions, warnings, precautionsprecautions

Differences between trucks and Differences between trucks and automobilesautomobiles

Truck controls, instrumentationTruck controls, instrumentation

4a


Engine and motor operationEngine and motor operation

Steering and maneuverabilitySteering and maneuverability

VisibilityVisibility

4b


Fork and attachment adaptation, Fork and attachment adaptation, operation, use limitationsoperation, use limitations

Vehicle capacity, stabilityVehicle capacity, stability

Inspection and maintenanceInspection and maintenance

4c


Refueling/rechargingRefueling/recharging

Operating limitationsOperating limitations

Other instructionsOther instructions

4d

Workplace-related Workplace-related training topicstraining topics

Surface conditionsSurface conditions

Composition of loadsComposition of loads

Load manipulationLoad manipulation

5a


Pedestrian trafficPedestrian traffic

Narrow aisles, Narrow aisles, restricted areasrestricted areas

Hazardous Hazardous locationslocations

5b


Ramps, sloped surfacesRamps, sloped surfaces

Closed environmentsClosed environments

Unique, potentially hazardous Unique, potentially hazardous environmentsenvironments

5c

Differences between trucks Differences between trucks and automobilesand automobiles

Driver has limited visibilityDriver has limited visibility

Rear-wheel steeringRear-wheel steering

Different centers of gravityDifferent centers of gravity

6a

Controls are differentControls are different

Industrial trucks carry heavier Industrial trucks carry heavier loadsloads

6b

Differences between trucks Differences between trucks and automobilesand automobiles

Controls and Controls and instrumentationinstrumentation

Critical to safe operationCritical to safe operation

Unintentional, mistaken operation Unintentional, mistaken operation can cause serious accidentscan cause serious accidents

Know where controls are located, Know where controls are located, what they do, how they workwhat they do, how they work

7a

Engine and motor Engine and motor operationoperation

Powered by gasoline, LP gas, Powered by gasoline, LP gas, propane, or batterypropane, or battery

8a

Knowing how a truck is powered Knowing how a truck is powered helps to understand the truck’s helps to understand the truck’s capabilities, limitationscapabilities, limitations

Engine and motor Engine and motor operationoperation

8b

Steering and maneuveringSteering and maneuvering

Rear-end steeringRear-end steering

Many trucks do not have a Many trucks do not have a standard steering wheelstandard steering wheel

9a

Steering and maneuveringSteering and maneuvering

Operator may need to steer in Operator may need to steer in reversereverse

Operator may need to steer with Operator may need to steer with one handone hand

Understand the controls for the Understand the controls for the type of truck you’re operatingtype of truck you’re operating

9b

Operator visibilityOperator visibility

Loads can restrict visionLoads can restrict vision

Look in the direction you’re Look in the direction you’re travelingtraveling

Watch for overhead obstaclesWatch for overhead obstacles

10a

Operator visibilityOperator visibility

Ensure adequate clearanceEnsure adequate clearance

Check blind spots to side and rearCheck blind spots to side and rear

10b

ForksForks

Trucks can be equipped or Trucks can be equipped or modified to accept attachments for modified to accept attachments for moving odd-shaped loadsmoving odd-shaped loads

Additions/modifications may affect Additions/modifications may affect stability, safe operationstability, safe operation

11a

ForksForks

Attachments can cause Attachments can cause restrictions/limitations to operationrestrictions/limitations to operation

Operate trucks with attachments Operate trucks with attachments as being partially loadedas being partially loaded

11b

Vehicle capacityVehicle capacity

Only handle loads Only handle loads within truck’s within truck’s rated capacityrated capacity

Capacity is Capacity is found on found on nameplatenameplate

12a

Vehicle capacityVehicle capacity

Understand limitations for:Understand limitations for:• how much weight can be handledhow much weight can be handled• how high the load can be raisedhow high the load can be raised• how far the load’s center of gravity how far the load’s center of gravity

can be from truck’s vertical load restcan be from truck’s vertical load rest

12b

Vehicle stabilityVehicle stability

Center of gravity shifts when load Center of gravity shifts when load is raisedis raised

Truck is less stable with raised loadTruck is less stable with raised load

Moving an unstable truck can Moving an unstable truck can result in tipoverresult in tipover

13a

Vehicle stabilityVehicle stability

During a tipover:During a tipover:• Stay with vehicle and lean away from Stay with vehicle and lean away from

direction of falldirection of fall• Don’t jump downward while truck is Don’t jump downward while truck is

tippingtipping

Keep load at lowest practical pointKeep load at lowest practical point

13b

Inspection and Inspection and maintenancemaintenance

Follow procedures and schedulesFollow procedures and schedules

Keeps forklifts operating safelyKeeps forklifts operating safely

Inspect for damage, defects, Inspect for damage, defects, unusual conditionsunusual conditions

14a


Perform safety checks before Perform safety checks before operationoperation• Fork pins and stopsFork pins and stops• Cowling and body partsCowling and body parts• Fuel levelsFuel levels• Belts, hoses, tiresBelts, hoses, tires

14b


Perform safety checks before Perform safety checks before operationoperation• Brakes, steering, controls, hour Brakes, steering, controls, hour

meter, lights, hornmeter, lights, horn• Remove unsafe trucks from serviceRemove unsafe trucks from service• Repairs must be made by authorized Repairs must be made by authorized

personperson

14c


Perform safety checks before Perform safety checks before operationoperation• Remove vehicles from service that Remove vehicles from service that

emit sparksemit sparks• Don’t operate trucks with fuel leaksDon’t operate trucks with fuel leaks

14d


Perform safety checks before Perform safety checks before operationoperation• Remove trucks from service that Remove trucks from service that

operate in excess of normal operating operate in excess of normal operating temperaturetemperature

• Check water mufflers dailyCheck water mufflers daily

14e

Fueling/charging of Fueling/charging of batteriesbatteries

Exposes workers to hazardous Exposes workers to hazardous chemicalschemicals

Involves electrical hazards, heat Involves electrical hazards, heat build-up, generation of gasbuild-up, generation of gas

Be aware of all hazards involving Be aware of all hazards involving fueling and battery handlingfueling and battery handling

15a

Fueling/charging of Fueling/charging of batteriesbatteries

Keep flames, sparks, arcs from Keep flames, sparks, arcs from fueling areasfueling areas

Smoking is not allowed in Smoking is not allowed in fueling/charging areasfueling/charging areas

Keep tools and metallic objects Keep tools and metallic objects from top of uncovered batteriesfrom top of uncovered batteries

15b

Provide operators with the Provide operators with the information they needinformation they need

Operating instructionsOperating instructions

WarningsWarnings

PrecautionsPrecautions

16a

Truck-specific informationTruck-specific information

LimitationsLimitations

Operator’s manualOperator’s manual

16b

Workplace-specific Workplace-specific informationinformation

Loads handledLoads handled

Pedestrian trafficPedestrian traffic

Traffic routesTraffic routes

Unique hazards of the facilityUnique hazards of the facility

17a

Retraining/re-evaluationRetraining/re-evaluation

Triggered by certain events:Triggered by certain events:• AccidentsAccidents• Near-missesNear-misses• Assignment to different type of truckAssignment to different type of truck• Changes in work environmentChanges in work environment• Observation of unsafe operationObservation of unsafe operation

18a

Retraining/re-evaluationRetraining/re-evaluation

Evaluate at least every 3 yearsEvaluate at least every 3 years

Avoid duplication of trainingAvoid duplication of training

18b

forklift training - general. overview v only trained and evaluated operators can drive forklifts v...

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