forum on boosting smart grids through energy efficient ict paris, 17 september 2012 flavio...

Forum on “Boosting Smart Grids through Energy Efficient ICT”

Paris, 17 September 2012

Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Energy Efficiency, Clean Power and the Smart Grid

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| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP

TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC


Paris, 17 September 2012 - Flavio CUCCHIETTI

Key issues, challenges and opportunities for ICT

Modern paradigms often rely on rich and flexible data description Risk of transmission delays, network overload and unacceptable

performance for time-critical applications.

Coexistence of multiple technologies – no “one fits all” solution wireline = higher performance, but higher deployment costs (remote

areas) wireless = cost-effective solutions, but performance and reach

limitations; interferences are likely for unlicensed technologies

Survivability of the telecommunication network to blackouts

ICT for SG has to be carefully designed and standardized to: Maximize SG benefits Guarantee a stable energy system Avoid ICT to become an unacceptable energy burden itself

ICT is the enabler of a more efficient electrical system and for the electrification of developing countries

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Is ICT ready for Smart Grids?

YES because: Many proven technologies available (transmission,

networking, sensors) Complex services similar to those of SG are up and running Challenges like those of SG have been faced already (huge

scale, security, redundancy, availability …)

NO because: SG have peculiar degree of complexity

Huge volumes Different needs

High requirements on network dependability Cost and energy efficiency still needs to be optimized

YES and NO!

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Will a single network be sufficient?

Different needs can require different solutions

Control networks - to guarantee safety, stability and optimal integration of renewable energy sources

Are needed very soon Relatively high number of nodes Stringent requirements on dependability, latency, survivability

Involving end-users - sensors, networking equipment, computing and rendering devices

Extremely high number of elements Lower requirements on latency Much higher data volumes Need for future proof solutions (more mature, interoperable …) More standardization is needed

NO!

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Energy footprint of ICT for SGMost of ICT energy load will be in homes

Few watts per client can result into heavy energy burden both for the client and at national level

It could remarkably reduce the benefits of SG

Need for more

efficient ICT

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Energy footprint of ICT - 1

Energy footprint of ICT (including user devices) is continuously increasing.

Large installations for the implementation of Smart Grids will further raise current forecasts!

•Source: http://dmsext.itu.int/pub/itu-t/oth/33/04/T33040000020004pdfe.pdf

•Source: GeSI Smart2020

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Homes and Distribution grids are expected to be the most critical environments.

millions of such sites in the whole system.

•Sources: 1) BroadBand Code of Conduct V.3 (EC-JRC) and “inertial” technology improvements to 2015-2020 (home and access cons.)• 2) Telecom Italia measurements and evaluations (power consumption of metro/core network and number of devices)•[see R. Bolla, R. Bruschi, K. Christensen, F. Cucchietti, F. Davoli, S. Singh, “The potential impact of green technologies in next-generation wireline networks: Is there room for energy saving optimization?” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 49, no. 8, pp. 80-86, Aug. 2011]

•Source: www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/oth/33/04/T33040000020004PDFE.pdf.

An example: Future broadband network’s Energy footprint estimation

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Energy usage of ICT equipment is increasing in homes, owing to:

more ICT devices

laptops, set-top-boxes, smart phones, handhelds, tablets, … ;

most devices are left powered on even when not used

often to maintain “network presence”;

inefficient standby states

Source: www.iea.org/papers/2008/cd_energy_efficiency_policy/3-Appliances%20and%20equipment/3-cool_appliance2003.pdf

Source: http://remodece.isr.uc.pt/

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Case A Case A1 Case A2 Case B Case B1 Case B2 Case C Case Z

8760 W W * GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh

electrical meters 33000000

METER

0,25 0,15 1 723 520 723 723 723 723 723 723 723 723 -723

1000000000

GWh 4033 3100 5177 4875 4733 5879 4317 3382+ 5637

GWh 9718 8785 10862 10750 10448 11743 9954 9091

+++ +++ -- + ++ + - +++++ +++ + + + + - ++

- + - - + - -- ++--- --- --- - + - --- +--- --- --- -- + - --- +++ ++ + --- + --- - +

-- - --- -- - -- - +++

+++ +++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + ++++++ +++ ++ + + + ++ +++++ +++ ++ + + + ++ +++++ +++ +++ - - - - +++

TOTAL + POWER LINE HOME

TOTAL

ADDI

TIO

NAL

CO

NSI

DERA

TIO

NS

BATTERY BACK UPRESILIENCE (ARCHITECTURAL)DEPLOYMENT COST IN CITIES/VILLAGESDEPLOYMENT COST IN SPARSELY POPULATED AREASDEPLOYMENT TIMEPUBLIC OPPOSITION TO THE DEPLOYMENTMAINTENANCE COST (in case of use of existing networks, only the extra costs related to the additional equipment for SG services )BIT RATE LATENCYMULTIPLE CONCURRENT COMMUNICATION

REACH TO UNDERGROUND LOCATIONS (meters in cellar corridors)

Case A Case A1 Case A2 Case B Case B1 Case B2 Case C Case Z

ALL W

IRED

ADS

L/O

PTIC

AL

ALL W

IRED

ADS

L/O

PTIC

AL -

use

of e

xisti

ng b

b co

nnec

tions

(50%

)

ALL W

IRED

DO

CSIS

3

ALL W

IREL

ESS

3G/4

G/W

iMAX

ALL W

IREL

ESS

3G/4

G - U

SE

OF

EXIS

TIN

G N

ETW

ORK

S

ALL W

IREL

ESS

WIM

AX

MIX

WIR

ELES

S 3G

(4G)

/ N

AN

MIX

3G(

4G) /

ADS

L upg

rade

of

exi

sting

net

wor

ks

8760 W W * GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh

POWER LINE low speed

electrical meters 33000000

METER

0,25 0,15 1 723 520 723 723 723 723 723 723 723 723 -723

1000000000

GWh 4033 3100 5177 4875 4733 5879 4317 3382+ 5637

GWh 9718 8785 10862 10750 10448 11743 9954 9091

+++ +++ -- + ++ + - +++++ +++ + + + + - ++

- + - - + - -- ++--- --- --- - + - --- +--- --- --- -- + - --- +++ ++ + --- + --- - +

-- - --- -- - -- - +++

+++ +++ ++ + + + ++ +++++ +++ +++ - - - - +++

EQUIPMENT ALWAYS IN FULL MODE

Potential energy impact of ICT technologies

Example based on Italian case study

Up to 3% additional National energy consumptionUp to 10% additional energy used by end customers

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Do we need better and more efficient ICT for SG?

Definitely YES! The path towards Green ICT includes:

Careful evaluation of the technical solutions chosen There is definitely not a single solution able to fit all needs, World’s

regions, cities, rural areas … Base decisions also on their energy consumption

Re-engineering of devices’ hardware energy-efficient silicon and reduction of complexity

Dynamic adaptation of performance/consumption power scaling (Adaptive Rate, AR) and low-power idle (LPI)

Smart standby states proxying network presence and virtualization.

Device and network level optimization energy-aware traffic engineering

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Conclusions

Smart Grids deployment is vital for electrical network efficiency, full use of renewable sources and electrification of developing countries

Rely heavily on ICT

Huge deployment scale and need for reducing energy burdens needs optimized solutions and more efficient ICT

Lots is available but lots still needs to be done

Strong cooperation needed between: Research – Standardization –Industry - Providers and Users

Electrical and ICT sectors must boost their cooperation

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THANK YOU

[email protected]

Report: http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/climatechange/report-smartgrids.html

forum on boosting smart grids through energy efficient ict paris, 17 september 2012 flavio...

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