forum on boosting smart grids through energy efficient ict paris, 17 september 2012 flavio...
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Forum on “Boosting Smart Grids through Energy Efficient ICT”
Paris, 17 September 2012
Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Energy Efficiency, Clean Power and the Smart Grid
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| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
Forum on “Boosting Smart Grids through Energy Efficient ICT”
Paris, 17 September 2012 - Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Key issues, challenges and opportunities for ICT
Modern paradigms often rely on rich and flexible data description Risk of transmission delays, network overload and unacceptable
performance for time-critical applications.
Coexistence of multiple technologies – no “one fits all” solution wireline = higher performance, but higher deployment costs (remote
areas) wireless = cost-effective solutions, but performance and reach
limitations; interferences are likely for unlicensed technologies
Survivability of the telecommunication network to blackouts
ICT for SG has to be carefully designed and standardized to: Maximize SG benefits Guarantee a stable energy system Avoid ICT to become an unacceptable energy burden itself
ICT is the enabler of a more efficient electrical system and for the electrification of developing countries
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| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
Forum on “Boosting Smart Grids through Energy Efficient ICT”
Paris, 17 September 2012 - Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Is ICT ready for Smart Grids?
YES because: Many proven technologies available (transmission,
networking, sensors) Complex services similar to those of SG are up and running Challenges like those of SG have been faced already (huge
scale, security, redundancy, availability …)
NO because: SG have peculiar degree of complexity
Huge volumes Different needs
High requirements on network dependability Cost and energy efficiency still needs to be optimized
YES and NO!
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| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
Forum on “Boosting Smart Grids through Energy Efficient ICT”
Paris, 17 September 2012 - Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Will a single network be sufficient?
Different needs can require different solutions
Control networks - to guarantee safety, stability and optimal integration of renewable energy sources
Are needed very soon Relatively high number of nodes Stringent requirements on dependability, latency, survivability
Involving end-users - sensors, networking equipment, computing and rendering devices
Extremely high number of elements Lower requirements on latency Much higher data volumes Need for future proof solutions (more mature, interoperable …) More standardization is needed
NO!
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| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
Forum on “Boosting Smart Grids through Energy Efficient ICT”
Paris, 17 September 2012 - Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Energy footprint of ICT for SGMost of ICT energy load will be in homes
Few watts per client can result into heavy energy burden both for the client and at national level
It could remarkably reduce the benefits of SG
Need for more
efficient ICT
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| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
Forum on “Boosting Smart Grids through Energy Efficient ICT”
Paris, 17 September 2012 - Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Energy footprint of ICT - 1
Energy footprint of ICT (including user devices) is continuously increasing.
Large installations for the implementation of Smart Grids will further raise current forecasts!
•Source: http://dmsext.itu.int/pub/itu-t/oth/33/04/T33040000020004pdfe.pdf
•Source: GeSI Smart2020
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| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
Forum on “Boosting Smart Grids through Energy Efficient ICT”
Paris, 17 September 2012 - Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Energy footprint of ICT - 2
Homes and Distribution grids are expected to be the most critical environments.
millions of such sites in the whole system.
•Sources: 1) BroadBand Code of Conduct V.3 (EC-JRC) and “inertial” technology improvements to 2015-2020 (home and access cons.)• 2) Telecom Italia measurements and evaluations (power consumption of metro/core network and number of devices)•[see R. Bolla, R. Bruschi, K. Christensen, F. Cucchietti, F. Davoli, S. Singh, “The potential impact of green technologies in next-generation wireline networks: Is there room for energy saving optimization?” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 49, no. 8, pp. 80-86, Aug. 2011]
•Source: www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/oth/33/04/T33040000020004PDFE.pdf.
An example: Future broadband network’s Energy footprint estimation
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| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
Forum on “Boosting Smart Grids through Energy Efficient ICT”
Paris, 17 September 2012 - Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Energy footprint of ICT - 3
Energy usage of ICT equipment is increasing in homes, owing to:
more ICT devices
laptops, set-top-boxes, smart phones, handhelds, tablets, … ;
most devices are left powered on even when not used
often to maintain “network presence”;
inefficient standby states
Source: www.iea.org/papers/2008/cd_energy_efficiency_policy/3-Appliances%20and%20equipment/3-cool_appliance2003.pdf
Source: http://remodece.isr.uc.pt/
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| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
Forum on “Boosting Smart Grids through Energy Efficient ICT”
Paris, 17 September 2012 - Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Case A Case A1 Case A2 Case B Case B1 Case B2 Case C Case Z
8760 W W * GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh
electrical meters 33000000
METER
0,25 0,15 1 723 520 723 723 723 723 723 723 723 723 -723
1000000000
GWh 4033 3100 5177 4875 4733 5879 4317 3382+ 5637
GWh 9718 8785 10862 10750 10448 11743 9954 9091
+++ +++ -- + ++ + - +++++ +++ + + + + - ++
- + - - + - -- ++--- --- --- - + - --- +--- --- --- -- + - --- +++ ++ + --- + --- - +
-- - --- -- - -- - +++
+++ +++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + ++++++ +++ ++ + + + ++ +++++ +++ ++ + + + ++ +++++ +++ +++ - - - - +++
TOTAL + POWER LINE HOME
TOTAL
ADDI
TIO
NAL
CO
NSI
DERA
TIO
NS
BATTERY BACK UPRESILIENCE (ARCHITECTURAL)DEPLOYMENT COST IN CITIES/VILLAGESDEPLOYMENT COST IN SPARSELY POPULATED AREASDEPLOYMENT TIMEPUBLIC OPPOSITION TO THE DEPLOYMENTMAINTENANCE COST (in case of use of existing networks, only the extra costs related to the additional equipment for SG services )BIT RATE LATENCYMULTIPLE CONCURRENT COMMUNICATION
REACH TO UNDERGROUND LOCATIONS (meters in cellar corridors)
Case A Case A1 Case A2 Case B Case B1 Case B2 Case C Case Z
ALL W
IRED
ADS
L/O
PTIC
AL
ALL W
IRED
ADS
L/O
PTIC
AL -
use
of e
xisti
ng b
b co
nnec
tions
(50%
)
ALL W
IRED
DO
CSIS
3
ALL W
IREL
ESS
3G/4
G/W
iMAX
ALL W
IREL
ESS
3G/4
G - U
SE
OF
EXIS
TIN
G N
ETW
ORK
S
ALL W
IREL
ESS
WIM
AX
MIX
WIR
ELES
S 3G
(4G)
/ N
AN
MIX
3G(
4G) /
ADS
L upg
rade
of
exi
sting
net
wor
ks
8760 W W * GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh GWh
POWER LINE low speed
electrical meters 33000000
METER
0,25 0,15 1 723 520 723 723 723 723 723 723 723 723 -723
1000000000
GWh 4033 3100 5177 4875 4733 5879 4317 3382+ 5637
GWh 9718 8785 10862 10750 10448 11743 9954 9091
+++ +++ -- + ++ + - +++++ +++ + + + + - ++
- + - - + - -- ++--- --- --- - + - --- +--- --- --- -- + - --- +++ ++ + --- + --- - +
-- - --- -- - -- - +++
+++ +++ ++ + + + ++ +++++ +++ +++ - - - - +++
EQUIPMENT ALWAYS IN FULL MODE
Potential energy impact of ICT technologies
Example based on Italian case study
Up to 3% additional National energy consumptionUp to 10% additional energy used by end customers
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| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
Forum on “Boosting Smart Grids through Energy Efficient ICT”
Paris, 17 September 2012 - Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Do we need better and more efficient ICT for SG?
Definitely YES! The path towards Green ICT includes:
Careful evaluation of the technical solutions chosen There is definitely not a single solution able to fit all needs, World’s
regions, cities, rural areas … Base decisions also on their energy consumption
Re-engineering of devices’ hardware energy-efficient silicon and reduction of complexity
Dynamic adaptation of performance/consumption power scaling (Adaptive Rate, AR) and low-power idle (LPI)
Smart standby states proxying network presence and virtualization.
Device and network level optimization energy-aware traffic engineering
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| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
Forum on “Boosting Smart Grids through Energy Efficient ICT”
Paris, 17 September 2012 - Flavio CUCCHIETTI
Conclusions
Smart Grids deployment is vital for electrical network efficiency, full use of renewable sources and electrification of developing countries
Rely heavily on ICT
Huge deployment scale and need for reducing energy burdens needs optimized solutions and more efficient ICT
Lots is available but lots still needs to be done
Strong cooperation needed between: Research – Standardization –Industry - Providers and Users
Electrical and ICT sectors must boost their cooperation
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| Renato Scotti <[email protected]>TELECOM ITALIA GROUP
TELECOM ITALIA - PUBLIC
Forum on “Boosting Smart Grids through Energy Efficient ICT”
Paris, 17 September 2012 - Flavio CUCCHIETTI
THANK YOU
Report: http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/climatechange/report-smartgrids.html