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FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011 Accessible Authoring with LibreOffice Christophe Strobbe K.U.Leuven, Belgium [email protected]

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Accessible Authoring with LibreOffice

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Page 1: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Accessible Authoring with LibreOffice

Christophe StrobbeK.U.Leuven, [email protected]

Page 2: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Overview

● AEGIS project● Accessibility: short introduction● LibreOffice Writer features● Accessible authoring● Export to PDF● LibreOffice Accessibility Issues

Page 3: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

The AEGIS Project

● EC-funded project, Sep. 2008-Feb.2012● 20+ partners, including Oracle (Sun),

AOL, RIM, Vodafone Foundation, RNIB, K.U.Leuven, …

● Access to desktop, RIAs and mobile applications

● Many open-source “prototypes” / products

● http://www.aegis-project.eu/

Page 4: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Accessibility: Introduction (1)

● Blind users● No pointing device

=> keyboard access● UI & content rendered as Braille and/or

synthetic speech● = sequential access

● Access depends on text alternatives and other metadata exposed through (accessibility) APIs

Page 5: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Accessibility: Introduction

● Other vision deficiencies:● Colour blindness (red-green) ● Loss of peripheral vision, loss of central

vision, blurred vision, …● Persons who need magnification (even

x32 or x64)

Page 6: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Accessibility: Introduction

● Hearing-impaired users● If congenitally deaf, native language =

sign language● Captioning for video● Transcripts for audio

Page 7: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Accessibility: Introduction

● Motor-impaired users● Due to muscular dystrophy, multiple

sclerosis, …● Use of pointing device may be difficult,

even impossible=> keyboard access=> alternative input devices, e.g. eye tracking, head tracking, … (see Accessibility devroom)

Page 8: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Accessibility: Introduction

● Dyslexia, learning disabilities, cognitive impairments● Make text easier to read● Use illustrations

● Examples: 15 AEGIS personashttp://www.aegis-project.eu/ > Results > Personas (Creative Commons)

Page 9: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

LibreOffice Writer Features: 1

● File formats:● OpenDocument Format (ODT)● export to/save as PDF, XHTML,

DocBook, DocX, ...● export to DAISY, Braille

● Export to accessible document requires

accessible source document

Page 10: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

LibreOffice Writer Features: 2

● Applying styles

● Styles and Formatting panel (F11)

● Navigator (F5)

Page 11: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Document Structure

● Document title: Title & Subtitle

● Structure: Heading 1, Heading 2, ...

● Find empty headings with Navigator -> “Clear formatting” in styles

Page 12: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Lists, Columns

● Lists:● Toolbar buttons for unordered and

numbered lists● List styles (more fiddly)

● Columns● Don’t use tables or whitespace to fake

columns● Format -> Columns...

Page 13: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Visual Design

● Font faces designed for use on screens:● Sans-serif: Verdana, Trebuchet MS ● Serif: Georgia

● Avoid justified text (rivers of whitespace)

● Avoid long spans of text in ALL CAPS or italics

Page 14: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Images and Illustrations

● Add alternative text: context menu →● Description... Title & Description→● Picture... Options: Alternative (Text →

only)

Page 15: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Tables: 1

● Don’t use tabs or spaces to fake tables● Menus: Table > Insert > Table...● For header row: change style from

“Table Contents” to “Table Heading”

Page 16: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Tables: 2

● Make header row repeat● Disable the option “Allow rows to break

across pages and columns”● Avoid merged cells

Page 17: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Language

● Mark up the default language of a document

● Mark up language changes in the document

Page 18: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Colour and Contrast

● Don’t rely on colour alone to convey information (diagrams!)

● Sufficient contrast between foreground and background information in text, charts and images● Paciello Group Colour

Contrast Analyser

Page 19: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Export as PDF

● General tab: check● “Tagged PDF”● “Export Bookmarks”

● Initial View tab: check● “Bookmarks and Page”

● These checkboxes remain checked

Page 20: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

LibreOffice Accessibility Issues (1)

● Accessible title and description on image disappear when caption is added

● Accessible title and description on image disappear when anchor is change (e.g. to “As character”)

● Extension manager: tabbing out of list of extensions does not work when focus is on non-removable extension

Page 21: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

LibreOffice Accessibility Issues (2)

● No explicit connection between label and field in extension GUI created through UNO API?

● Default language for presentation / spreadsheet not visible in status bar of Impress / Calc

● No language identification for sections / spans of text in Impress and Calc

Page 22: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

LibreOffice Accessibility Issues (3)

● Impress PDF export● Text alternatives for images are not preserved● “All of the text on this page lacks a language

specification” (each slide)● “Tab order may be inconsistent with the

structure order” (some slides)● “None of the comments or other types of

annotations on this page are contained in the structure tree” (some slides)

Page 23: Fosdem 2011 a11y authoring libre office

FOSDEM, Brussels, Belgium, 5-6 February 2011

Questions? Comments?

● Contact:● [email protected]

● See also ● “odt2daisy & odt2braille:

OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice Extensions for Accessible Formats” in the Accessibility devroom

● Accessible Digital Office Document project: http://adod.idrc.ocad.ca/