foss & boss gnu/linux · boss gnu/linux what is boss? boss is a gnu/linux operating system...

52
Centre for Development of Advanced Computing FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux

Upload: dangthuy

Post on 09-Jun-2019

255 views

Category:

Documents


1 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux

Page 2: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 2

Defining FOSS

What is FOSS?

Defining FOSS

Why FOSS

Page 3: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 3

What is FOSS?

Free and Open Source Software

Free as in freedom , not price

Page 4: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Two Philosophies ---- FSF and OSI

According to FSF what is FOSS

According to OSI what is FOSS

Page 5: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

FSF

Free software foundation

According to the FSF, free software is about protecting four user

freedoms

The freedom to run a program, for any purpose;

The freedom to study how a program works and adapt it

to person’s needs. Access to the source code is a

precondition for this;

The freedom to redistribute copies so that you can help

your neighbour; and

The freedom to improve a program and release your

improvements to the public, so that the whole community

benefits. Access to the source code is a precondition for

this.

Page 6: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

OSI

Open Source Initiative

The basic idea behind open source is very simple: When

programmers can read, redistribute, and modify the source code for a

piece of software, the software evolves. people improve it, people

adapt it, people fix bugs.

Page 7: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

How Software evolves?

Like a cathedral

Small groups of skilled artisans carefully planned out a design

in isolation and everything was built in a single effort. Once built small

modifications are made as per needed. The same rule follows for

software development.

Page 8: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

How FOSS evolves?

Its like a BAZAAR

Initially one or two trades come and concentrate primarily with

building a minimally functional structure so that they begin trading.

Later additions are added as circumstances dictate. Likewise , FOSS

development starts off highly unstructured. Developers release early

minimally functional code to the general public and then modify their

programs based on feedback.

Page 9: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Advantage

Reduce duplication of effort

Building upon the work of others

Better quality control

Reduced maintenance costs

Page 10: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

History

Where FOSS started

U.S computer science laboratories (Stanford, Berkeley,

Carnegie Mellon, and MIT) in the 1960’s and 1970’s.

Page 11: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Who started the open source war?

Richard Stallman is the father of GNU (recursive acronym

for GNU is Not Unix)

He was a student of MIT in 1980’s and developed many software

tools which were so called free and open source.

Page 12: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Who started the open source war?

The kernel is the heart of the operating system. In 1991 Linus,

Torvalds, who at the time was a second year graduate student at

the University of Helsinki, wrote and distributed a Unix-like kernel. In

the manner of FOSS development, it was distributed widely,

improved upon and soon adapted to become the core of the

GNU/Linux operating system.

Page 13: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Various aspects of FOSS

Licensing

Standards

Localization

Page 14: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Licensing

What is copyright and copyleft?

What are patents?

Page 15: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Copyright

Copyright is applied to various kinds of creative works, such as

literary works, music compositions, paintings and software. Unlike

patents, copyright applies to work upon its creation, regardless of its

novelty.

The ideas employed by the work cannot be copyrighted. Copyright

only prevents others from copying the copyright holder’s particular

way of expressing those ideas.

Under Copyright Law, the copyright holder is entitled to exclusive

rights of reproduction, modification, distribution , and public display

and performance of her copyrighted work.

Page 16: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Copyleft

Open source follows the copyleft licensing

Copyright says “all rights reserved” the GNU GPL says “copyleft, all

rights reversed”.

Copyleft prevents free software from being turned into proprietary

software.

Page 17: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Patents

Patents are designed to grant the inventor monopoly rights or

monopoly status over certain newly developed knowledge for a

period of time (usually 20 years) in exchange for its disclosure.

Typically, to gain such rights, the inventor is required to file a patent

application, which will be reviewed by a designated patent examiner.

Novelty of the invention is an essential criterion in granting a patent.

Page 18: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

What is GNU GPL?

GNU GPL stands for GNU General public License

Major Terms and Conditions of GNU GPL

Run the program

Make copies of the program

Redistribute the program

Prepare and distribute derivative works of the program,

provided the derivate works are also licensed to all third

parties under the GNU GPL

Page 19: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

LGPL

GNU Lesser General Public License

Some open source software work and co-exist with proprietary

software and encourage the development of proprietary applications

on the GNU system. For a free library whose features may be largely

replaced by other proprietary libraries, releasing it under the LGP.

Page 20: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

BSD Style Licenses

The Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), a version of Unix

development started the BSD style of licensing.

A BSD License allows people to freely distribute and modify the

original work, but it does not require that the modified works be as

free as the original work.

Page 21: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

GNU Free Documentation License( GNU

FDL)

Good documentation and manuals are extremely important for FOSS

programs. When they are not licensed as free/open, it is difficult for

people to make complete use of relevant FOSS programs.

Page 22: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Other Licenses

Artistic License

Apache License

Mozilla Public License

PHP License

Open Software License

Zope Pubic License

Python Software Foundation License etc..

Page 23: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Standard

A level of quality or attainment, or

An item or specification against which all others may be measured.

Approved by a recognized organization

Generally accepted and widely used throughout by the industry.

Page 24: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

LSB

Linux standard base developed by Free software foundation formerly

known as FSG

The continuous growth of the software field and software competency

leads to the development of ‘n’ number of applications being

developed.

This leads to fragmentation of the software. Hence standards are

important to stop this fragmentation. Standards set the rules as how

a software application should behave in various conditions.

Page 25: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

L10N and I18N

Localization and Internationalization

All the desktops show English messages and displays but internally

the machine reads it in 0’s and 1’s.So it never matters to the machine

what language the display is coming either it may be English, Hindi or

any other international language. Everything goes in as 0’s and 1’s.

Locale or every community in the world wants to have applications

developed in their Local languages. But the cost of localization is so

high that the countries cannot afford it.

So comes the FOSS.

Even Documentation and manuals are well prepared by the FOSS

community without any cost.

Page 26: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Some successful FOSS projects

BIND (DNS Server)

Internet addresses such as yahoo.com or microsoft.com would

not function if not for Domain Name Servers (DNS). These

servers take these human-friendly names and convert them

into computer-friendly numeric addresses and vice-versa.

Without these servers, users would have to memorize

numbers such as 202.187.94.12

The Berkeley Internet name Domain (BIND) server runs 95 %

of all DNS servers. BIND is a FOSS program licensed under a

BSD-style license.

Page 27: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Apache (Web Server)

Apache has been the number one web server since April 1996

and currently commands 62.53 % of the total web server

market. That is more than double the market share (27.17 %)

of its closest competitor Microsoft’s IIS server.

Page 28: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Sendmail (Email Server)

An email server function is to deliver user email to its

destination. Complex functionality such as email forwarding

and redirection, junk email rejection and routing, makes email

servers rather complex systems. Study shows In 2001,

Sendmail had the largest market share, at 42 % of all email

servers.This was larger than the share of its next two

competitors combined, Microsoft Exchange and Unix qmail

(not FOSS as its licensing terms are too restrictive), with 18 %

and 17 % resp.

Page 29: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

BOSS GNU/Linux

What is BOSS?

BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of

Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the

Government domain with localisation support. It is the result of

efforts initiated by NRCFOSS for promoting the use of

Free/Open Source Software in the country

Page 30: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

About C-DAC

The Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (CDAC) is a

Scientific Society of the Ministry of Communications and Information

Technology, Government of India. It is involved in the design,

development and deployment of Electronics and advanced IT

products and solutions.

Page 31: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

About NRCFOSS

The National Resource Centre for Free/Open Source Software

(NRCFOSS) setup aims to contribute to the growth of FOSS in India

through Research and Development, Networking and

Entrepreneurship Development, as well as serve as the reference

point for all FOSS related activities in the country.

Page 32: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

What is Desktop Linux

The standalone machines with any Linux distribution that serves the

need of a normal user with not much services running on it are called

Desktop

Desktop Linux

BOSS GNU/Linux (sethu, tarang, anant….)

DEBIAN GNU/Linux (woody, potato, etch, sid, lenny, ……)

UBUNTU (edgy, gusty giboon…..)

Suse

Mandriva

Knoppix (Live CD)

Indlinux (Live CD)

Damn Small Linux (DSL)

Page 33: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

What the Desktop Comprises of?

For easy accessing of applications we need a front end or a GUI.

All Linux Operating Systems provide the Desktop manager for this purpose

The various Desktop Managers are as follows:

Gnome (ex: BOSS, Debian, Ubuntu etc..)

KDE (ex: Knoppix)

Xfce

ICEWm

Fluxbase

Enlightenment

Ratpoison

EvilWm

Page 34: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

BOSS

BOSS GNU/Linux comes with 3 CD’s

Install CD

Live CD

Utility CD

Page 35: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Install CD

Can be installed to your Hard disk with a nice GUI installation

Needs a minimum of 512 MB RAM and Hard disk space of 5 GB

Page 36: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Live CD

Boot through the CD and you will land up with BOSS desktop where

you can use the CD as an Operating System. It only uses the RAM

capacity

Page 37: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Utility CD

An add on CD for the users who need extra applications with the

inbuilt software.

Applications such as Apache, Mysql, Postgre, Educational tools,

egroupware, webmin etc can be found with the CD.

Page 38: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

A

Glance On

BOSS Website and repository

Page 39: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 39

BOSSLINUX HOME PAGE SCREENSHOT

Page 40: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 40

DOWNLOAD ISO IMAGE

Page 41: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 41

BOSS GNU/LINUX FAQ

Page 42: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 42

BOSS GNU/LINUX MAILING LIST

Page 43: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 43

MAILING LISTS

Page 44: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 44

SUPPORTING BOSS

Page 45: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 45

BOSS GNU/LINUX LOOK

Page 46: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 46

XCHAT

Page 47: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 47

BOSS GNU/LINUX REPOSITORY

Page 48: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 48

BOSS GNU/LINUX REPOSITORY

Page 49: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 49

REPOSITORY

Page 50: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 50

BOSS PACKAGE DOWNLOAD

Page 51: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

Reference Links

http://nrcfoss.org.in

http://bosslinux.in

http://packages.bosslinux.in

http://dowloads.bosslinux.in

http://wiki.bosslinux.in

http://freestandards.org.in

http://kernel.org

http://iosn.net

Various Linux User groups----I-LUG (ex: I-LUGC for Indian Linux user

group Chennai)

Page 52: FOSS & BOSS GNU/Linux · BOSS GNU/Linux What is BOSS? BOSS is a GNU/Linux Operating System consisting entirely of Free/Open Source Software, especially targeting the Government domain

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing 52

THANK YOU