foster care handbook

Foster Care HandbookNCN0367

Foster Care Handbook

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Table of Contents

Introduction .............................................................................................. 1

Alberta Children’s Services ....................................................................... 1

The Child, Youth and Family Enhancement Act ........................................... 2

Purpose of the Foster Care Program ........................................................ 2

An Overview of Foster Care ...................................................................... 2When does a child come into care? ...................................................................... 2

Agreements and Court-Ordered Status .................................................... 3

Enhancement Services ............................................................................. 3Family Enhancement Agreement .......................................................................... 3Enhancement Agreement with Youth .................................................................... 3

Protection Services .................................................................................. 4Supervision Order ................................................................................................. 4Apprehension Order ............................................................................................. 4Custody Agreement with Guardian (CAG) ............................................................. 4Temporary Guardianship Order (TGO) ................................................................... 4Permanent Guardianship Order (PGO) .................................................................. 5Support and/or Financial Agreement..................................................................... 5Permanent Guardianship Agreement (PGA) .......................................................... 5Private Guardianship Order ................................................................................... 5Secure Services Order .......................................................................................... 5Adoption Order ..................................................................................................... 5Legal Representation for a Child ........................................................................... 5

Matching a Foster Child to a Foster Family ............................................... 5

What to Expect When a Child is Placed in Your Home .............................. 6

Natural Family .......................................................................................... 7

Children from Other Cultures .................................................................... 7

Roles of Child and Family Services Workers ............................................. 8

When a Child Leaves a Foster Family ....................................................... 8

Foster Parent Responsibility with the Authority/Delegated First Nations Agency ................................................. 9


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Licensing ................................................................................................ 10

Confidentiality ......................................................................................... 10

Record-Keeping ..................................................................................... 11

Concurrent Plans and Case Conferences ............................................... 12

Court ...................................................................................................... 13

Conflict/Reviews/Appeals ....................................................................... 13Issue Resolution ................................................................................................. 13Administrative Review ......................................................................................... 13

Appeal Panel .......................................................................................... 14

Child and Youth Advocate ...................................................................... 14

Investigating Allegations of Abuse in a Foster Home ............................... 15

Foster Allegation Support Team (FAST) ................................................... 15

Foster Care Financial Supports ............................................................... 16

Health Services and Health Care ............................................................ 16

Alberta Foster Parent Association (AFPA) ................................................ 17

Training .................................................................................................. 18

Property Damage Claims ........................................................................ 18

Child Management ................................................................................. 18

Safety ..................................................................................................... 20

Universal Precautions ............................................................................. 25

Safety Checklist ..................................................................................... 26

Index ...................................................................................................... 29


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IntroductionThe Foster Care Handbook is a guide to the most frequently asked questions about foster care and is not intended as a policy statement. It is an information resource on practical everyday issues, which adds to information provided through training and policy. If you need further information, please call your foster child’s caseworker or your foster care worker.

This handbook is a manual for new, as well as experienced foster families. The sections provide an overview of foster care, highlighting the responsibilities of the foster family, gives advice on foster care support, explains policy, and provides information on other program areas. The various subsections give the foster family an opportunity to learn about their roles and how they work within the system to provide for children in care.

The handbook is a joint effort between Alberta Children’s Services and the Alberta Foster Parent Association (AFPA). Its aim is to help all those involved in foster care to understand and appreciate the essential contributions made by foster parents and ministry staff. This handbook demonstrates the team effort involved in planning, placing, and caring for a foster child.

Alberta Children’s ServicesAlberta Children’s Services exists to protect and promote the social well-being of Alberta’s children. It does this by developing and administering statutory and mandated social service programs which encourage and support individual and family independence and self-reliance.

The Ministry of Children’s Services has established a number of programs that provide services to meet this mandate. This includes intervention services. Intervention services exist to ensure that the survival, security, and development of children are protected. Its responsibilities include family enhancement services, child protection services, foster care services, adoptions services, and other areas involving children and families.

Services to children, youth and families are provided by 10 Child and Family Services Authorities (CFSAs) and 18 Delegated First Nations Agencies (DFNAs).


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Each region has a chief executive officer (CEO)/director to whom the minister delegates responsibility for the care of children in that area who need intervention services. The CEO/director, in turn, delegates specific responsibilities to managers, supervisors, caseworkers, foster families and others.

The Child, Youth and Family Enhancement ActThe Child, Youth and Family Enhancement Act (Enhancement Act) is the legal authority for providing intervention services to children, youth and families in Alberta. It requires the provision of services that can be expected to correct or relieve the issues that caused a child to be in need of intervention.

The matters to be considered in the Enhancement Act guide caseworkers in their work with families and children. The Enhancement Act stresses the importance of the family. It provides for support services to families to ensure that a child will only be removed from home if other, less disruptive measures are not sufficient to protect the child. The Enhancement Act specifies the circumstances under which a child may be in need of intervention.

The Enhancement Act reflects an appreciation of the strong contributions foster parents make to children in care. Foster parents’ access to the appeal panel, participation in court hearings and involvement in case planning are some of the areas where the voluntary contributions of foster families are encouraged.

The Enhancement Act established the role of the Youth and Child Advocate. The advocate attempts to ensure that the views and interests of children are heard and represented. Foster parents and/or children in care can contact the advocate to discuss problems and concerns. The section on the Youth and Child in this handbook describes the advocate’s responsibilities.

Purpose of the Foster Care ProgramThe goals of the Foster Care Program reflect the philosophy of the Enhancement Act.

The Foster Care Program is based on the belief that a family and community is the most beneficial and desirable environment for raising a child. A foster family is a temporary placement for a child who cannot remain with his or her own family. The supportive atmosphere of a foster home assists a child in developing healthy self-esteem, assisting in meeting children’s social, emotional and physical needs, and offers positive role models on which a child can pattern values and behaviour.

The goal of the foster care program is to return a child to his or her own family as soon as possible. Where this is not feasible, alternate permanent homes for the child is found. These can include placement with a relative, private guardianship, or adoption. This is called permanency planning.

Planning for a child is a team effort. The team includes the child, the natural family, the foster family, the caseworker, band designate and other involved parties. Foster care goals can be successfully met when everyone works in partnership.

An Overview of Foster Care

When does a child come into care?

A caseworker from a Child and Family Services Authority (CFSA) or Delegated First Nation Agency (DFNA) becomes involved with a family when:

• The family seeks help because it is having difficulty protecting or caring for their child, or

• A member of the community (a neighbour or teacher) reports his or her concern about a child’s safety or well-being.

After meeting with the family and assessing the child and family’s needs, the caseworker makes recommendations about further involvement with the


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family. The child is removed from the family only when all reasonable attempts to protect and meet the child’s needs within the family have failed or when the child’s safety is threatened.

Agreements and Court-Ordered StatusIn order for a child and family to receive help from a CFSA or DFNA, the child must first be identified as a child in need of intervention as defined by the Enhancement Act. The caseworker may then sign an agreement with the child or family or apply to court for an order. This agreement or order describes the child’s status. There are several different agreements that can be put in place depending on the needs of the child and his or her family.

Enhancement ServicesCFSAs and DFNAs receive reports about children’s well-being, safety and development on a daily basis. In many cases, the Family Enhancement Program may be offered. To receive these services families must agree to participate in a family assessment. After a call is received, a caseworker will contact the family to determine if the family wishes to participate in an assessment. If the family agrees, the caseworker meets with the family to discuss the concern(s) about their child(ren), the resources the family has available to help and any services they think would help.

If the assessment shows that the family could be helped with services, then a plan to obtain these services will be developed with the family. If the assessment determines that the children’s needs will be better addressed through child protection services, the caseworker must make a referral to child protection services. The following outlines the services that can be provided by through enhancement services.

Family Enhancement Agreement

If parents are willing and able, services can be provided through a Family Enhancement Agreement so their child can remain at home. Intervention services such as parenting courses, homemaking, or counselling may be provided to the family while the child remains at home.

Enhancement Agreement with Youth

In some cases, an agreement may be signed with a youth 16 years-of-age or older. This is called an Enhancement Agreement with Youth. Enhancement agreements with youth include a plan that outlines tasks and goals for the youth and his or her caregivers. The plan also covers issues such as visits, financial and medical contributions, and which decisions may be delegated through the caseworker to the foster family.


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Protection ServicesThe alternative to family enhancement services is to provide intervention services after the completion of an investigation. These services can be provided through agreements and court orders. The caseworker and family determines the best way to serve a child deemed to be in need of intervention. The following outline the services that can be provided through protection services:

• Supervision Order

• Apprehension Order

• Custody Agreement with Guardian

• Custody Agreement with Youth

• Temporary Guardianship Order (TGO)

• Permanent Guardianship Order (PGO)

• Private Guardianship Order

• Secure Services Order

• Adoption Order

Supervision Order

If a child is in need of intervention, that child can remain in his or her own home under a supervision order. This order specifies the conditions on how a caseworker will supervise the home. The family is ordered by the court to meet certain conditions. Some children leaving a foster home may be returning to their homes with this status.

Apprehension Order

If a caseworker investigates an allegation of child neglect or abuse and discovers that the child is at risk in the home, the caseworker may apply for an apprehension order. After an apprehension order has been executed, the caseworker has the option of returning the child to the parents within two days without a further court order. Generally, the caseworker (and parents) must appear in court within ten days of the child being apprehended. At the court appearance, the caseworker will make recommendations to the court about care arrangements for the child. Children under an apprehension order may be placed in a foster home on a temporary basis until a further court order is made.

At any court appearance, there is provision for the case to be adjourned. The adjournment must specify who has interim custody of the child until the case is heard again to determine guardianship. Reasons for adjournment include parents contesting, more time needed to have legal representation for the parents, or the child consented to adjournment for further case planning to occur to determine the best plan of care for the child.

Custody Agreement with Guardian (CAG)

In a custody agreement with guardian, the parents agree that to meet the child’s needs, the child should be temporarily placed out of their home. The parents continue their role as guardians and they are actively involved in planning for their child. They are responsible for all guardianship decisions about issues such as medical treatment, culture and schooling.

Temporary Guardianship Order (TGO)

Under a temporary guardianship order, the child is placed out of the home to ensure the child’s needs are met. The parents may or may not agree with the TGO


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but are expected to work with the caseworker and the foster family. The goal is to return the child home at the earliest possible time. The director of intervention is the joint guardian and shares in the responsibilities for the child with the parents and foster parents.

Permanent Guardianship Order (PGO)

A permanent guardianship order is granted when the child cannot return home within a reasonable time and the child cannot live independently. In this case, the child is placed in the permanent care of the director of intervention who becomes the sole guardian of the Child. The CFSA or DFNA will seek a PGO if efforts to reunite a child with the natural family fail.

Foster children with PGO status may eventually be placed with adoptive parents or individuals who have a long-term commitment and/or are extended family members under private guardianship. As a foster family caring for such a child, you are asked to help everyone involved make the child’s transition to a new family as easy as possible.

Support and/or Financial Agreement

An agreement can be signed with a youth over 18 years if on his or her 18th birthday the youth was a subject of a PGO, Temporary Guardianship Order (TGO), or an Enhancement Agreement with Youth. A transition to independence plan is signed with the youth to provide services to assist them in achieving independence. Foster parents no longer get foster care rates under this agreement; the youth will receive room and board rates.

Permanent Guardianship Agreement (PGA)

Parents (often an unmarried mother) may decide to permanently give up her rights to a child under the age of six months. A child with this status who is placed in your home will not usually stay long, as most young children are easily placed for adoption. Efforts are made to place young children with their siblings if the siblings are in an adoptive home.

Private Guardianship Order

Any adult who is committed to a long-term relationship with the child may seek a private guardianship order. The child may be under PGO or PGA status for a Private Guardianship Order to be granted. Usually

the child will have lived with the adult for at least six months.

If you have had a long-term care of child and you want to formalize your commitment to him or her, yet adopting the child would seem inappropriate, you may apply for this order. Such guardianship may be held jointly with any guardian except the director of the Child Youth and Family Enhancement Act. The caseworker can advise you about the procedure.

Secure Services Order

Secure services may be provided to a child who is receiving intervention services. Secure services are provided to high-risk children who are in immediate danger to him/herself or others and less intrusive measures are not adequate to reduce the danger. The child must meet certain criteria for this to happen. The child’s placement will then be in a secure setting. A child who has received secure services may return to your care after receiving these services. You will be actively involved in the planning for this child to return to your care.

Adoption Order

The Court of Queen’s Bench grants an adoption order that changes the guardianship of a child by law.

Legal Representation for a Child

A lawyer can represent a child in a hearing before the courts. A foster parent, guardian or parents can access legal representation through legal aid if they meet the criteria. In addition, a judge may appoint a lawyer on behalf of a child. For more information, contact your child’s caseworker.

Matching a Foster Child to a Foster FamilyWhen a child “comes into care” and needs a foster care placement, all efforts are made to match the child with a foster family. Foster homes are classified to reflect the level of training, skills and experience of the home. The classification also aids in matching children to the home.


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Foster home classifications are:

• Level 1

• Level 2

• Specialized homes

Specialized homes will be classified according to the specialized level of care provided by the foster home. This level of care is based on the skill of the foster parents.

The first step in matching is to decide which classification a child needs. The Foster Care Placement Needs Scoring Chart provides a guide to determining the classification of foster home that is required to best meet the needs of a child while in foster care. Once the classification is decided, the needs of the child and the strengths and preference of the foster family are taken into account. Foster families participate in the matching decision and help ensure that a child placed in their home fits with their family.

What to Expect When a Child is Placed in Your HomeBefore a child is placed in your home, you will be given the information you need to decide whether or not to accept the placement. This will also give you an opportunity to prepare for the child’s arrival. If the child is old enough, he or she will be consulted about the placement.

When possible, pre-placement visits are arranged by the caseworker. These are especially useful for older children as they help all parties get a sense of whether the match will be successful. Pre-placement visits can make the transition from one caregiver to another easier. Every effort is made to keep siblings together. When this is not possible, foster parents may be asked to assist in maintaining contact between siblings.

When a child is placed in your home, you should receive a copy of the concurrent plan or transition to independence plan for youth, the delegation of powers and duties to a child care giver and the following information:

• Identifying information, (e.g., child’s name, birth date, Alberta Personal Healthcard Number, and Alberta Children’s Services Identification Number),

• Information about why the child is in care,

• School information,

• Health needs (e.g., allergies, formula, medication etc.),

• Summary of habits, possible problems and what behaviours to expect,

• Information about who will visit the child, how often, and where, and

• A statement delegating authority to your foster family to provide routine care to the child.

NOTE:If the above information is not provided, check with the caseworker as to what information is available. Under some circumstances, such as an emergency apprehension, very little information may be available at the time of placement. However, it will be provided to you as it becomes available. If you learn something about your foster child that you feel is important, please contact the caseworker.


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As a foster parent your observations are unique and very valuable. You are required to keep a log and provide regular reports to the child’s caseworker. It is important to document facts and observations. You will also keep a record of the child’s health needs and a clothing inventory.

The written reports may be subpoenaed for court purposes, so please ensure that you record time and dates of the information. You must store all this information in a safe and secure manner to ensure confidentiality.

When the child arrives in your home, the child should be checked in a sensitive and age appropriate manner for any markings or bruises (e.g., Mongolian spots, birth marks, etc.). Document this information and inform the child’s caseworker immediately if you have concerns. In addition, you should receive a concurrent plan or transition to independence plan for youth. The concurrent plan or transition to independence plan for youth outlines the activities and goals for the child(ren) placed in your home. It also clarifies the roles, expectations and activities you, the child, the natural family and caseworkers must do to ensure the child is safe and secure.

Natural FamilyA primary goal of fostering is to provide a child with temporary alternative family care until the child can return home to his or her natural family. One of the responsibilities of a foster family is to do everything possible to support and encourage contact between the natural family and the child. You can also help ease the transition when a child is leaving your home by maintaining some contact with the child and his or her family.

Your involvement with the natural family is necessary to prepare the child for his or her return home and keep the child and family connected. The frequency and manner of contacts will vary according to the needs of those involved. You can help your foster child by remaining non-judgmental. By showing your support, your foster child will not feel like he or she has to choose between families.

You will work with the natural parents on matters that affect the child. Through role modelling and teaching, you will help the child and his or her parents to learn

needed skills. You can help the natural parents by keeping them informed of their child’s activities though notes, a journal, pictures, or verbal reports. Contact assists them in feeling part of their child’s life and helps the child’s adjustment back to his or her family. You should follow the direction of the caseworker in this regard.

The responsibilities of the natural family in areas such as finances, health care, and visits, are addressed in case plans, court orders, and agreements. The caseworker will advise you of the natural family’s specific responsibilities.

Children from Other CulturesWhen a child of a different cultural background is placed in your home, it is very important to discuss the special needs of the child in relation to his or her heritage with the caseworker. Your help in linking the child to a variety of cultural activities and his or her home community is essential.

If an Aboriginal child, including Indian, Métis or Inuit, placed in your home is a band member and a resident of a reserve or Métis settlement, decisions regarding the child are to be made in consultation with the DFNA band designate or settlement. An Aboriginal awareness course should be taken to assist you in supporting the child’s need to explore cultural values, practices and beliefs.

Contact the child’s caseworker for a resource list of Native cultural activities in your area.


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Roles of Child and Family Services WorkersThere are a number of roles workers in the CFSAs and DFNAs play for foster families. Below is a brief outline of the roles and functions these workers can provide to foster families. Where roles are specialized, you are likely to have more than one caseworker. It may be confusing unless you understand the different duties of the caseworkers.

Foster Care Worker

• Matches foster children to foster families

• Provides ongoing support and training to foster families

• Completes annual evaluations of foster families

• Completes reassessments when there is a change in a foster family’s circumstances

Foster Care Assessment Caseworker

• Does home assessment and approves foster families to care for children

• Provides information to potential foster parents and assists in the application process to become a foster parent

• Recruits and approves foster families

Investigator

• Contacts the family, gathers information, assesses risk to the child, determines whether the child needs protection services and makes recommendations

• Transfers the case to a caseworker if further protection services are needed

• May place children in your home and transfer to a caseworker

Caseworker

• Completes a family assessment

• Coordinates activities with the natural family and foster family

• Reviews and evaluates progress of the foster child and the child’s natural family

• In consultation with others, makes major planning decisions for the child and has primary responsibility for development of the child’s case plan

• Appears in court when required

Crisis Caseworker/On-Call Duty Caseworker

• Available after hours

• Investigates child abuse and neglect complaints

• Responds to emergencies on existing cases

Licensing Officer (In some regions this may be the foster care worker)

• Coordinates the application process for families applying for license to foster

• Reviews health and safety requirements for the application

• Completes the environmental assessment safety checklist at the home

• Collaborates with collateral authorities; i.e., health, fire, and municipal planning authorities

• Issues licenses

Band Designate

• If a director has reason to believe that a child is Aboriginal including Indian, Métis or Inuit and is a member of a band and resident on reserve or Métis settlement, they must involve a person designated by the council of the band in planning for the services to be provided to the child.

When a Child Leaves a Foster FamilyThe child, foster family, natural family, caseworker, or court may initiate the move of a foster child. There are many reasons why a child may be moved. For example, the child’s goals may have been achieved, or the CFSA or DFNA may move a child so that siblings can be together.

Whenever possible, the move is planned to prepare everyone involved. However, there are circumstances, such as the court’s refusal to renew status or where the safety of the child is


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a concern, when little advance notice may be given of a child’s removal from your home.

At times, foster families may ask for a child to be removed and vice versa.

If a child’s placement is creating problems for your family, please discuss the problem with the child’s caseworker. Notifying the caseworker as soon as possible about difficulties can help prevent the placement from breaking down. If all supports and efforts have been exhausted, you may request the child’s removal. Advance notice allows time to find another appropriate placement. It is important to tell the child the reasons for requesting his or her removal from your home.

If a child runs away from your home, notify the child’s caseworker and foster care worker immediately. If the child’s whereabouts are unknown, the police must be notified. You are to notify the duty worker after hours, or in the case of rural areas and DFNA’s, the on-call worker, who will contact the police. The child may be returned to your care or may be placed elsewhere, depending on the circumstances. Check with the child’s caseworker for the procedures you should follow if a child runs away.

When a child leaves your home, it is important to encourage the child to leave with a positive attitude, no matter what the reason for leaving. You should help the caseworker make the move as easy as possible for the child.

Foster Parent Responsibility with the CFSA or DFNAThe “Delegation of Powers and Duties to a Child Care Giver,” is a legal document executed by the caseworker on behalf of the director, allowing the foster parents to make daily decisions for the child. A signed form should accompany each child at the time of placement. Information you will find on the form will be the name, birth date, personal healthcare number, and band number if the child is registered with a First Nations band and child’s I.D. number. The foster parent’s name will appear under the delegation section, followed by the checklist of duties for which you will be responsible. The caseworker will have signed, dated, and given their worksite number.

Some matters �n wh�ch d�scret�on �s left up to the foster parent �nclude:

• Diet, dress and other similar matters

• Ordinary health and dental treatments (e.g. immunizations)1

• Enrolment of a child in school

• Emergency medical treatment for a child under a Custody Agreement, Temporary Guardianship Order, or Permanent Guardianship Order, when the child’s life would be jeopardized by the delay involved in contacting the caseworker

• Attendance at social activities (including field trips and camps)2

Non-delegated matters (those you may not make dec�s�ons about) �nclude the follow�ng:

• Change of religion

• Change of name

• Consent to obtain a driver’s license or a fire arm permit

• Emergency medical treatment for children under apprehension

• Surgery

1 If a child is under a Custody Agreement /Interim Custody Order, the foster parents must have written approval from the caseworker. First Nations children have their medical /dental paid through Health Canada and the band should be contacted to ensure proper coverage

2 A foster parent does not have the ability to sign liability or waivers forms. These must be signed by the caseworker.


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The child’s caseworker must provide or obtain consent in all non-delegated matters.

When a child is the subject of a custody agreement, a temporary guardianship order (TGO) or an interim custody order, consent for many matters are not delegated. The natural parent, who is the guardian, retains guardianship. The foster parent must accept the direction of the child’s caseworker and/or guardian in all non-delegated matters.

LicensingSection 105.2 of the Enhancement Act requires that any person who operates a “residential facility” must acquire a residential facility license issued by the minister under the act. Foster homes are residential facilities under the Enhancements Act.

All foster homes must be licensed if you are to have children placed in your care. A licensed foster home status indicates to the community that the home meets the ministry’s licensing requirements, standards, and criteria for providing care to a child in the custody of the director.

Caseworkers must ensure that foster homes are licensed according to this policy before making a placement. Either a foster care worker or licensing officer will license your home.

The license will state the maximum number of children in the care of the director who can reside in your home. Exceptions cannot exceed the licensed capacity for the home and must comply with all licensing. To increase the number of placements in your home the license will need to be varied. The maximum number of placements does not include short-term (up to two weeks) respite placements for your own children.

ConfidentialityIt is important that foster families respect and protect each child’s right to confidentiality. Just as caseworkers are bound by the Enhancement Act in the sharing of information with others, so are foster families.

Foster families can share information with other professionals assisting in the child’s care, such as a doctor, teacher, or psychologist. The information shared

must be limited to information that is needed by the professional to provide services. This is to ensure that the rights and dignity of the child and his or her family are not unnecessarily affected.

Foster parents must also make sure the other temporary caregivers have enough information to meet the child’s needs. You must not share information about the child with friends, relatives, other children in your home, or the media, as well as other professionals not directly involved with the child. A child placed in your home is not to be photographed by the media without consent of the caseworker. If you receive requests of any kind from the media, staff from the CFSAs and DFNAs are available to help you respond.

A foster family does not have the delegated authority to sign

the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act (FOIPP) forms from the school and cannot consent to a child in care being photographed

by the media, speak with the media or disclose their

identity to the public.

The Agreement to Foster, which all foster parents sign, stresses confidentiality. When in doubt about whether or not to share certain information and with whom, the foster parent should discuss the matter with the child’s caseworker.

A foster family has the right to discuss the child with another foster family as they are bound by the same confidentiality. However, the family, which is being told, cannot share this information with anyone else. (This would include other professionals or foster families)


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Record-KeepingYour family spends more time with the foster child than anyone else. Your family’s observations and information are invaluable in making plans with the natural family, as well as for the child later in his or her life.

Why keep records?

• They are a good method of retaining daily information.

• They provide an organized way to supply factual information at case conferences and/or court.

• They may be used to support opinions when discussing the child with the caseworker.

• They may show patterns of behaviour.

• They are a good method of retaining the cultural information that may be needed for planning.

What to record

• All health appointments, accidents or injuries, medicines, immunizations,

• School progress, achievements,

• Contacts with natural family,

• Unusual behaviours of the child,

• Achievements, successes, and celebrations,

• Cultural ceremonies that the child has participated in, and

• Any other information you think may be relevant.

How to Record

You need to record the activities and observations of your foster children. The following are some ideas of how to record information:

• You may use point form.

• Dates and times are important.

• Try to describe incidents by the specific actions or behaviour observed.

• Use a separate notebook or folder for each child and store the information in a manner that ensures confidentiality.

Use your daily recordings to write a progress reports for the children in your care. Submit the progress reports to the caseworker at agreed upon intervals.

Your help in keeping report cards, drawings, awards, pictures, immunization records, health information, and mementos ensures that memories and important events, people, and places are not lost to the child.

Memory books are an important link to a child’s past. The memory book can be a scrapbook or photo album or both to record the child’s history while in care. It is a good idea to start a book and collect all relevant drawings, mementos, report cards, and pictures. When a child is placed with you, begin creating a book for them.

When the child leaves your home the records you have created need to be provided

to the caseworker.


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Concurrent Plans and Case Conferences

Concurrent Plans

When a child comes into care, it is important that goals for the child’s protection and future be considered. These arrangements form the basis of a concurrent plan.

The concurrent plan specifies, at the outset, two avenues for care of the child:

• Reunification plan – the reunification plan outlines the tasks and services required to assist the guardians in making the changes needed to create a safe and secure home for their children and facilitate the return of the child to the custody of the children’s guardian.

• Alternative permanency plan – the alternative permanency plan arranges for the care of the child to be placed with an alternative caregiver, preferably other family members, should reunification of the child with the guardian not occur in a timely manner.

The concurrent plan details goals, tasks, and roles. Goals are those things that must be accomplished so that the child can return home or move toward an alternative permanent placement. Tasks are the things that need to be done to reach the goals. Tasks are assigned to specific individuals and the individual’s roles are outlined in the concurrent plan.

It is helpful for the foster family to have their role identified as well as their responsibilities

(i.e. driving, supervising visits, health appointments, specialized school, phone

calls, etc.).

An essential goal assigned to the foster parents is to meet the social, emotional, spiritual, cultural and physical needs of the child to address the developmental needs of the child.

The concurrent plan is developed through a team effort, led by the caseworker and includes the child’s foster parents, band designate, natural parents, and others with a legitimate involvement in the case. As foster parents, you are a critical part of this team. If you are somehow left out of the planning process, ask to be involved. For additional support, you can invite your foster care worker to be involved in the process with you. As new information becomes available to you, make sure you advise the caseworker. Service plans3 need to be updated to reflect changes as well as to assess whether goals have been reached.

It is important that you as a foster parent receive a copy of the concurrent plan as soon

as the caseworker has it completed.

A concurrent plan is developed or reviewed with your involvement following the placement of the child in your home and every three months thereafter or when there is a change in circumstances. A foster family has the right to request a copy of the signed service plan.

Case Conferences

Case conferences bring together caseworker(s), foster parents, CFSAs, DFNAs, band designates teachers, psychologists and other individuals who have information about a foster child. The purpose of the meeting is to share information and give those involved an opportunity to contribute in planning for the child.

You should bring notes or other records that you have describing the child’s behaviour. Your information

3 The foster family may not be involved in the first concurrent plan as it may have been developed before the child coming into care.


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and opinions are welcome and essential in helping to broaden everyone’s understanding of the child. The information that you receive from others will help you care for the child. As a foster parent, you may request a case conference to address issues concerning the child’s care, to resolve conflict in the case or to resolve differences of opinion in terms of what is in the best interest of the child. Initiate a case conference through your foster care worker or the caseworker.

CourtYou will be notified of any Enhancement Act court hearings for the children you have in your home. In some circumstances, you may be subpoenaed to be a witness for Court. Being served notice means that you are considered a “party to the hearing.”

You may want to attend the hearing, or in some cases, you may be required to attend. If you attend court and make a presentation, focus on describing what you have observed. This would include things such as the child’s behaviour, reaction to visits and interaction between the child and the natural family. You may want to state how the child’s behaviour has improved, changed, or how certain behaviours have persisted.

Please discuss your court presentation with the caseworker before court. The caseworker can assist you in preparing the information. Your opinions should not be presented unless asked for by the lawyer, judge, or caseworker. If you are asked for an opinion, support your opinion by describing a behaviour you have observed.

A court presentation is a great example of why it is important to keep good documentation

and record keeping.

Conflict/Reviews/AppealsIf you disagree with a decision made by a caseworker, it is recommended that you discuss it with the caseworker. Remember, the focus is in the child’s best interest and you and the caseworker should work together towards that goal.

When agreement cannot be reached about what is in the best interest of the child there are several alternatives for a review of the situation. However, foster families cannot appeal court orders through this review system.

Issue Resolution

If a foster parent and a caseworker have a disagreement they cannot resolve, they are to use the Protocol and Guidelines for Resolution of Issues in Foster Care. This protocol is available through your caseworker or foster care worker. The foster parents may meet with the caseworker’s supervisor and if necessary the office manager.

Administrative Review

In the event that the issue is still unresolved, any person who is affected by the decision may ask for an administrative review.

The decisions, which may be reviewed, are specified in the Enhancement Act. Ask the caseworker if you are unsure which decisions can be reviewed. If you decide to proceed with an administrative review, you must complete and submit the required form within 30 days of receiving the decisions in question from the caseworker. You can obtain the form from any CFSA or DFNA office.

In most cases, a manager and one other employee from outside the office will carry out your review. The review committee must let you know their decision within 15 calendar days of your request. After the administrative review is complete, you have 30 days to appeal the decision to the appeal panel. The Enhancement Act stipulates that most decisions must first go through an administrative review, with exceptions that can be directly appealed.


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Appeal PanelUnder S.120 (4)(5) of the Enhancement Act a foster parent has the right to directly appeal some decisions of a director. Such decisions include:

• Refusing to accept an application to foster,

• Withdrawing approved foster home status,

• Dissatisfaction with terms and conditions of a license,

• Refusal to issue a license,

• Suspension or cancellation of a license, and

• Subject of an order after inspection.

The decision of the director remains in effect until the appeal decision is made unless the decision is to move a child. If the decision involves placing or removing a child, the child is not moved before the appeal decision unless the child is at risk.

The appeal panel is the most formal method of appeal. Members of the appeal panel come from the general community and are not Alberta Children’s Services staff. An appeal form is available at any CFSA or DFNA office and must be completed for an appeal to proceed. The form gives notice and sets the appeal process in motion. CFSA and DFNA staff are available to help complete the form. The decision of the appeal panel can be appealed to the Court of Queen’s Bench.

If you have any questions about an administrative review or appeal panel, please contact your caseworker who will direct you accordingly.

Child and Youth AdvocateThe Child and Youth Advocate works to ensure that the views and interest of the children are heard and represented. Children in care, or foster parents who are concerned about them, should contact the Child and Youth Advocate if they feel that the views, rights, or interests of the child are not being represented or heard.

Who can the Child and Youth Advocate help?

• Children under apprehension status,

• Children who are under agreements or court orders, and

• Children who are under agreements or court orders, within 30 days of the date of expiry of these documents.

When do you make a referral to the Child and Youth Advocate?

• When you believe that a child’s needs are not being met,

• When you believe that the child’s rights are not protected,

• When you believe the child’s viewpoint and interests are not considered in planning or in making decisions for the child, and

• When all important relevant information is not being considered.

How do you make a referral to the Child and Youth Advocate?

• Referrals can be made directly to the Child and Youth Advocate in person, by telephone, or in writing. You can also call toll free, 1-800-661-3446 or e-mail, [email protected]. Messages can be left after regular office hours.

Offices are located in:

Edmonton803 Peace Hills Trust Tower10011 109 StreetEdmonton, AB T5J 3S8

Calgary406 Hillhurst Professional Building301 14 Street NWCalgary, AB T2N 2A1

What will the Child and Youth Advocate do with a referral?

• The advocate will gather all available information. The Enhancement Act provides the advocate with full access to information. You may discuss all information with the advocate and allow the advocate access to the child.

• The advocate will attempt to resolve the matter.

• When mutual agreements to resolve a problem cannot be obtained, a more formal means such as referral for an administrative review, referral to the appeal panel, or the court system may be pursued.


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Investigating Allegations of Abuse in a Foster HomeIn order to achieve effective intervention in child abuse/neglect investigations, caseworkers, police, and foster families must co-operate, collaborate, and coordinate their working relationships. The safety and well-being of the child is paramount.

During the course of an investigation, it is necessary for the investigator to interview all individuals that are party to the allegations. It is the role of the investigator to determine if the allegation is substantiated or not. When foster parents are subjects of an investigation it is extremely important that they feel supported and heard throughout the process. For this reason Alberta Foster Parent Association (AFPA) members have formed a team of foster parents to help other foster parents through this process. The team is named FAST (Foster Allegation Support Team).

Foster Allegation Support Team (FAST)

What is FAST?

The AFPA4 formed the Foster Allegation Support Team (FAST) in 1990 to help foster parents and their families cope with the turmoil and confusion that results when an allegation of neglect, physical, sexual, or emotional abuse is made. FAST members support foster parents and their families and ensure that no one who requests their assistance goes through this alone.

How does FAST work?

FAST Members are approved volunteer foster parents who report to one of the chairpersons of FAST. When team members are not directly involved with an allegation against a foster family, they advocate for the foster parents, promote measures that will prevent allegations from arising, educate foster parents about complaints of abuse and neglect and keep statistics about the numbers and kinds of allegations that have been made in Alberta.

FAST members can help. They are:

• Available to listen to concerns and provide you with advice.

• Familiar with foster care policies, different kinds of investigations and the procedures those investigators will follow.

• Committed to helping you work with investigations by providing support, clarifying issues and ensuring that you get all the information about your investigations and its results in a reasonable length of time.

• Recognized as dependable liaisons between workers and foster parents.

• Sworn to protect your privacy.

Who can use FAST?

Any foster parent or former foster parent can access FAST and its services. If you are interested in joining FAST contact your District Foster Parent Association or the AFPA office directly at (780) 429-9923 or 1-800-667-2372.

Who do you call?

Team members are active throughout the province and can reach any foster parent in need. You will find a listing of FAST members in the latest issue of The Bridge. For additional information, please call the AFPA office at (780) 429-9923 ,1-800-667-2372, or visit their website, www.afpaonline.com.

How can FAST help when an allegation has been made?

FAST will:

• Help you understand what will happen,

• Help ensure the investigation is fair and is conducted with as little disruption to your family as possible,

• Help you present your situation in an investigation,

• Provide support without judgment,

• Help keep lines of communication open between you, the workers, the investigators, and other interested parties,

4 See page 17 for a description of the Alberta Foster Parent Association (AFPA).


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• Tell you about your options for help that is available and your rights to such things as having a lawyer present and your right to appeal,

• Support you and your family emotionally, and

• Work through the process with you to ensure that foster children continue to be placed in your home if the allegation is unfounded or overturned at the appeal.

Are all investigations of abuse or neglect the same?

There are different procedures and outcomes for different kinds of investigations and different people may be involved. Internal investigations are handled by CFSA, DFNA or Alberta Children’s Service staff. External investigations are handled by the Police/RCMP. FAST members have experience with both kinds of investigations and can provide support and advice to foster parents and their families in either situation. FAST members treat everyone who has an allegation made against them in a caring and personalized manner.

What about confidentially?

FAST members sign oaths of confidentially and will keep anything you tell them about your situation private. Your case will not be discussed with your district association of the AFPA. Team members will not ask you to disclose guilt or innocence as they can be subpoenaed to testify in court.

Foster Care Financial SupportsFoster parents are reimbursed for the costs associated with caring for children in their homes. For a detailed review of the funding, costs covered and rates please refer to the Foster Care Compensation Guide.

Health Services and Health CareWhen a child comes into your care, you should arrange a routine health examination within three working days. Your caseworker has the health forms to be completed by the physician. You may find it convenient to keep a supply of forms in your home.

Please maintain a health record for the child in which you include health appointments, findings, and recommendations, prescriptions, illnesses, and accidents. Accidents, illnesses, or prescriptions must be reported to the caseworker as soon as possible.

Upon placement of a child in your home, you should receive the child’s Personal Healthcare Number (PHN). The caseworker also tells you who is responsible for any health costs not covered by the PHN. If the CFSA is responsible for all health care costs for the child, the caseworker will give you a Treatment Services card, which covers prescriptions, dental or optical services. If the parent is responsible in whole or in part for health, dental, or optical care, the caseworker will tell you how to handle any such needs.

If you are caring for a child with Registered Indian Status, request the Indian Status Number and the PHN from the caseworker. The PHN will be the same number as the child had before coming into care. Items such as health, dental, and optical are covered under the registered status number.

Please ensure that you give the child’s health record, PHN card and Treatment Services card to the caseworker when the child leaves your home.


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Medical

• Present the PHN to pay for ordinary health care for the child.

• Record every illness, health appointments, and prescriptions.

• Pay for dental examinations or treatment using the child’s Treatment Services card.

• Present the child’s Indian status number to pay for health care.

Dental

• Pay for dental examinations or treatment using the child’s Treatment Services card.

• If the child has no such card, the foster parent must obtain prior authorization from the caseworker. The caseworker pays the dentist directly.

• If the dentist recommends orthodontic work, the dentist refers the child to an orthodontist. The orthodontist diagnoses the condition and sends an estimate of the services to the caseworker.

• Present the child’s Indian status number to pay for dental care.

The Alberta Foster Parent Association (AFPA)The AFPA is a provincial, not-for-profit association that consists of a provincially elected president and regionally elected directors.

The role of the AFPA is to support foster families, advocate for the rights of children, educate the community about foster care, provide and arrange for training and social gatherings, and serve as a liaison between foster families and Alberta Children’s Services.

The AFPA, in addition to negotiating on behalf of foster families for fair maintenance fees, skill fees, and quality training, offers the following services and benefits to its members:

• Foster Allegation Support Team (FAST) - This program offers support to foster families who are undergoing investigation of child abuse. Foster families can access this program province wide.

• Legal Assistance Program – This program offers financial assistance to foster parents and their adult children who are the subject of a criminal investigation arising out of their duties as a foster parent.

• Conflict Resolution Program – This program offers foster families support when they find themselves faced with a conflict they cannot resolve on their own.

• Citation and Awards Program – The AFPA provides financial assistance, pins, and plaques to the various districts and regions to provide citations and awards events to recognize the long-term service of foster families across Alberta.

• The “Bridge” – The AFPA’s quarterly newsletter. The “Bridge” provides information to foster families regarding policy and procedure changes, foster care related issues and activities throughout the province.

• Annual Training Conference – Provides foster parents with an opportunity to further develop their skills by offering a wide selection of workshops for members. In addition, it provides the opportunity for foster parents to network with other foster families and workers from across the province.

• Foster Family/Alberta Children’s Services Caseworker of the Year Awards Banquet – Regionally selected foster families and workers are acknowledged for their outstanding service to children in care. Recipients of these awards are invited to attend the awards banquet held at the annual training conference.

• Federation Council – The AFPA hosts a minimum of three federation council meetings a year. Presidents of the district and regional associations are brought together to discuss provincial foster care issues and to offer direction to the AFPA board of directors.

• Zellers/The Bay Discount – AFPA members receive a card that entitles them to a 10 per cent discount on all items they purchase; however, there are exclusions so ask before purchasing.

• Brick Warehouse Discount – AFPA members are issued a certificate from The Brick that enables them to purchase all Brick merchandise at discount prices.

• Hertz Rental Discount Card – Offers AFPA members a 15 per cent discount on vehicle rentals worldwide.


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For general information, membership inquiries, or access to one of the many programs offered by the A.F.P.A., call (780) 429-9923, toll free at 1-800-667-2372, visit their website at www.afpaonline.com, or write to them at Suite 102, 9622-42 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, AB T6E 5Y4.

TrainingFoster parents are challenged with nurturing, supporting, and guiding children and youth who have specialized needs and behavioural difficulties that often go beyond the everyday parenting experiences. To assist you in providing quality care, the CFSA or DFNA provides ongoing training to develop foster parenting skills.

Orientation Training

Orientation training is mandatory for prospective foster families. Expenses are not reimbursed for attending orientation training.

Level Training

If you wish to move along the classification continuum and have received approval to do so, you are required to take the corresponding training that will assist in preparing you for caring for children with greater needs.

Required training to move to Level 2 classification consists of module-based courses that need to be completed. Please consult with your foster care worker regarding core training. Core training must be completed within four years of approval of your foster home.

Training for Level 2 homes and for specialized homes will be individualized based on the unique needs of the child in the foster parent’s care and the individual learning plan of the foster parent.

As foster parents, you are required to attend a minimum amount of supplementary training each year.

Training is as follows:

Level 1 ........................... at least nine hours per year

Level 2 ........................... at least 12 hours per year

Specialized Homes ....... at least 12 hours per year

Babysitting and mileage costs are reimbursed for training attended by foster parents. Please consult with your foster care worker or the Compensation Guide for rates.

Expense claims are provided at each training session and are to be completed and returned to the regional foster care training coordinator within two weeks of the completion of each course. Claims must be filled out completely, including all calculations and receipts for babysitting.

Property Damage Claims

It is expected that all foster families will have their own

insurance to cover property damage and third party liability.

The basic maintenance rate includes an amount to cover extra household insurance.

This amount may be used to add coverage for a foster child to reduce the deductible on a claim once every three years.

In addition to your own policy, a rider policy has been established to cover any willful damage caused by a foster child that your own insurance company will not cover. The plan is administered through the AFPA.

Child ManagementThe goal of discipline is to encourage appropriate behaviour in the child and to develop self-control.

The child(ren) placed in your home come from a variety of backgrounds where discipline may have been severe and/or inconsistent. A foster parent needs a variety of nurturing and child rearing skills. The foster parent


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must also have the ability to use these skills to build the child’s self-esteem and independence. It is important to be aware of the various methods of discipline. Those that teach more than “control” must be emphasized. For example, rules and consequences must be clear and the consequence must be fair and consistent. Whatever methods you use, they must not be emotionally or physically harmful to the child. For these reasons, you must not use physical discipline with the children placed in your home.

Discuss with the caseworker and your foster care worker the different methods of discipline that you may use. These workers are available to help you develop a specific plan for the child, or to support you with resources that may help to deal with specific behaviours. A psychological assessment can often help you understand why a child is misbehaving and may help you develop a plan for managing behaviour.

The way you handle problems teaches the child how to handle his or her own problems. You become a model by which the child and his or her family may pattern their own behaviour.

Training on specific behaviours problems and management techniques is available. Please contact your foster care worker and/or the Alberta Foster Parent Association (AFPA) for details.

When developing an individual child management plan, the foster parent and workers are to be guided by the following discipline principles that promote self-esteem and independence.

All discipline must be:

• Goal-focused - focus discipline on moving the child from needing external controls to the more mature state of having self-control.

• Consistent - do not threaten or warn of actions you are not prepared to follow through with.

• Current - deal with the present and address issues as they occur.

• Behaviour focused - criticize behaviours; do not attack the child’s personality or self-concept.

• Immediate - do not delay your response to misbehaviour.

• Followed-up – hold (as appropriate) and talk to the child following any discipline; make the child feel loved, wanted and secure.

• Weighed - govern discipline according to whether the child intentionally misbehaved or had an accident.

• Related - relate discipline to the misbehaviour; if withdrawing a privilege, do so immediately.

• Appropriate - use discipline that is appropriate to the child’s age, development and understanding and cultural background. Be aware of normal development and related usual behaviours.

• Reasonable - ensure that all discipline is reasonable.

• Communicated - ensure the child knows the limits and consequences.

• Positive - emphasize positive reinforcement over negative.

• Encouraging - reinforce positive behaviours.

As a foster parent you must inform each child in your care of the standard of behaviour expected and the consequences for not meeting that standard.

The consequences for not meeting that standard of behaviour must be applied sensitively and fairly, and adjusted according to each child’s needs and level of development.

In cases where the child’s behaviour requires the development of additional discipline skills, you may contact your foster care worker for information on self-study courses, books, available training, etc.

You should consult with the child’s caseworker as quickly as possible if the child’s behaviour is unmanageable.


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Prohibited Practices

As a foster parent you may NOT use the following discipline methods as they are prohibited:

• Physical punishment. This includes: slapping, hitting, punching, shaking, shoving, pinching, strapping, spanking, poking, paddling, belting, hair pulling, ear pulling or any other pain causing behaviour.

• Forcing a child to take an uncomfortable or degrading position.

• Deprivation of basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter, bedding, sleep and washroom facilities.

• Harsh or degrading responses or taunting or demeaning remarks.

• Seclusion or confinement (this does not include time outs).

• Exercise or work that may be excessive or harmful to a child.

• Using or threatening to use force to intimidate a child.

• The threat to remove the child from the foster family.

• The threat to deny visits, telephone contact or correspondence with family/guardian.

• Actions that ridicule the child’s religious, cultural or personal beliefs.

• Being disciplined by another child who has not been designated as a temporary caregiver.

SafetyIn addition to everyday safety precautions, extra precautions are required to ensure the safety of the children. Often, little is known about the background of a foster child. The emotional upset of being removed from his or her natural family can contribute to the unpredictable behaviour of a foster child. Specific guidelines, listed below, have been developed to address some of the extra safety precautions required.

a) WeaponsAll weapons, including firearms, BB guns, pellet guns, sport and hunting knives, cross bows, and bows and arrows must be stored in a locked facility. Any ammunition must be locked up separately. All firearms must be trigger locked. It is important that your foster care worker and the caseworker know if you have weapons in your home.

b) Medication• Any prescription and non-prescription drugs are to

be stored in a locked facility.

• All drugs are to be stored in a locked facility if the child’s age, emotional state, behaviour, or lack of judgment indicates a possibility of misuse.

• The child has access to a drug only if the caseworker and foster parent agree that the child is capable. If the child will be self-administering a drug, the foster parent or the caseworker ensures that the appropriate professional trains the child. The foster parent should also attend such training.


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• You may request a pharmacist to package the child’s medication in bubble packs for better control and accountability of the medication.

• All medication and vitamins must be kept and transported in an original container to school.

• Herbal supplements including vitamin supplements should not be administered to the child without the approval of the caseworker in consultation with the child’s pharmacist or doctor.

c) CribsCribs made before September 1989 or without a label are dangerous. They do not meet current safety standards. It is illegal to sell, import, or advertise these cribs.

The cr�b:

• Look for a label on the crib that shows when the crib was made.

• Check the crib often to make sure the frame is solid. Tighten loose screws regularly.

• Check the crib to make sure the sides lock into place.

The Mattress

• Make sure the mattress is tight against all four sides of the crib.

• Replace the mattress if it is not firm or if it is worn-out.

• Move the mattress down to its lowest level as soon as the baby can sit up.

Baby safety

• Lock the sides into place after putting the baby in the crib.

• Never tie the baby in the crib and do not let the baby wear a necklace or a soother on a cord around the neck.

• Place the crib away from the windows, curtains, blind cords, lamps, electrical plugs and extension cords.

• Bumper pads should never be used.

• Babies should always be supervised with toys and bottles.

d) PlaypensRegulations under the Hazardous Products Act require playpens to be safe. However, there have been numerous, serious accidents and deaths of young children in playpens. Remember that a baby should not be left unsupervised in a playpen for any length of time. Carefully follow all instructions and warnings included with the playpen. Do not add an extra mattress – a baby can get trapped between the mattress and the sides of the playpen and suffocate.

Some hazards to look for:

1) Make sure that latches or pivoting hinges on the top rails of playpens are always in their closed position or completely rotated in place, so the rail will not collapse and trap a baby. Stop using the playpen if the latches do not stay closed.

2) Never leave one side down on a drop-sided style playpen – a baby could become trapped in the space between the floor pad and the loose side.

How to keep a playpen safe for a baby

• Never tie a pacifier or other item around a child’s neck or affix a cord on a child’s clothing. Babies have fallen in playpens and strangled when a pacifier cord or clothing strings have become caught on the playpen.


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• To prevent possible entanglement, remove toys strung across playpens when the baby begins to push up on hands and knees or when the baby reaches five months of age – whichever comes first.

• Check the playpen regularly to ensure it remains safe. Do not use playpens with vinyl top rails or floor pads if the vinyl has begun to tear. Many young children who chew on top rails have choked on the little pieces of vinyl or foam. In addition, a child can crawl inside the torn vinyl cover of a floor pad and suffocate.

• Do not use large objects or toys in a playpen – they can be used by the child to try climbing out. Once a child begins to try climb out of the playpen, falls can occur and the playpen should no longer be used.

• Older mesh playpens may have openings large enough to catch a button or a hook on a child’s clothing. Babies have strangled as a result. If your small finger can pass through the mesh, it is too large and the playpen should be discarded.

For more information, contact the nearest Health Canada Product Safety Office.

e) Bunk BedsBunk beds can be dangerous. Many children have been badly hurt or killed in bunk beds. This happened when their head was caught between parts of the bed or from falling off the bed.

Make sure bunk beds are safe. Teach children how to use

them safely. The top bunk is not safe for children under six

years of age.

Th�ngs to watch out for:

• Make sure the top bunk has guardrails on all four sides.

• Make sure the mattress fits tight against all four sides of the bed.

• Check regularly to make sure the frame of the bed is sturdy.

• The ladder should be attached securely to the bed.

• Look for a label that indicates that the bunk beds meet safety standards.

• Health Canada recommends that bunk beds meet the safety requirements of American standards (ASTM F-1427-96, and Parts 1213, 1500, and 1513). Ask before you buy.

f) Car RestraintsThe law requires all children under six-years-old or less than 40 lbs (18 kg) in weight must be secured in an approved and correctly installed childcare safety seat. Please contact your local fire department or health unit to have your car restraint approved.

All infant, child and booster seats sold in Canada, regardless of their price, must meet Transport Canada’s safety regulations. These regulations help protect children in a sudden stop or collision. The regulations also require safe materials, instruction booklets and a national safety mark on the seat.

For more information call:

Transport Canada1-800-333-0371 (Toll Free)www.tc.gc.ca/roadsafety/childsafe/cindex_e.htm

The “Kid Zone” is the rear seat of your vehicle - the safest place for kids’ aged 12 or under. Here they are as far away as possible from the dangers of a front-end collision. They are also far from the front-seat air bags, which can cause serious injuries or even death to these youngsters. Statistics show that kids are 25 per cent safer in the rear seat. If your vehicle doesn’t have a rear seat, please check your owner’s manual, call the manufacturer, or call Transport Canada to find out how to make traveling with children as safe as possible.

Reference: www.tc.gc.ca/roadsafety/tp/tp13511/en/intro.htm

A newly approved foster parent may request prior written

approval to have the cost of one tether anchorage for a car seat and its installation covered

for one time only.


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Rear-facing Infant Car Seats

• Zero to 20 lbs (0-9 kg).

• Use only as long as the top rim of the seat encloses the baby’s head.

Front-facing Infant Car Seats

• 20 to 40 lbs (9 kg-18 kg).

Booster Seats

• Over 40 lbs (18 kg+).

• The booster seat will keep the seatbelt in the correct place over your child’s body,

• You must use the seatbelt to hold the booster seat and the child in place, and

• The back seat is the safest place for your child.

Air Bags

• It is widely recommended (Canadian Automobile Association, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control) that children under the age of 12 must never be seated in the front seat of a vehicle that has an airbag (unless the airbag is deactivated with a cut-off switch).

• The force of a deployed airbag can injure or kill a young child even in a slow-speed crash.

• Airbags can kill a baby in a rear-facing seat.

• According to the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, the safest seat in the vehicle is the middle of the back seat.

g) Fire ExtinguisherThe Office of the F�re Marshall recommends:

• One-pound dry-chemical ABC Fire Extinguishers or two to five lbs extinguishers, and

• One near the furnace room and one in the kitchen.

h) Smoke Detectors and Carbon Monoxide Detectors

The Office of the F�re Marshall recommends:

• One approved smoke alarm on each floor, including the basement, preferably wired in, not battery operated,

• Smoke detectors in each bedroom, if the situation indicates (i.e. smoking teens),

• In a hallway, smoke detectors should be between the kitchen and the bedrooms,

• Bedroom windows should have a minimum opening of 16” x 16”,

• Fire ladders for two-story homes,

• There should be no more than one flight of stairs between a parent’s sleeping area and the children’s sleeping area, and

• One carbon monoxide detector on each floor of the house, preferably one that plugs into the wall receptacle.

i) Fire Evacuation PlanThe Fire Department recommends a fire evacuation plan that includes the following:

• Children need to be taught to close all windows and doors,

• Children must be aware of at least two ways to leave the room,

• Meeting place should be established,

• Telephone 911 from the neighbors, and

• Fire drills should occur at least annually or when a new child arrives.


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j) Storage of Caustic Solutions• Store hazardous chemicals out of reach of children.

• Do not transfer contents from one container to another.

• Children must not be allowed to play with containers.

• Always replace the cap properly before you set the container down, even if it is just for a moment. Make sure the closing mechanism works at all times.

• Teach children the dangers involved with chemicals and to recognize and respect hazard symbols.

• Purchase household chemicals in small quantities and store them in their original containers with labels.

• Keep the telephone number of your doctor, poison control centre, ambulance, and fire department prominently by the telephone.

Important: Should an accident occur, call a doctor or poison control centre and be ready to give the important information from the label. Follow the first aid treatment advised.

k) Trampoline SafetyTrampolines can provide fun and exercise for children and youth, but they can also be the cause of serious injury. Injuries sustained from trampoline use continue to rise and injuries range from cuts, bruises, broken bones, concussion and spinal cord injuries.

Typ�cal causes of �njury are:

• Colliding with another person on the trampoline,

• Landing improperly while landing or doing a stunt,

• Falling or jumping off the trampoline, and

• Falling on the trampoline springs and frame.

Ensure that the follow�ng safety recommendat�ons are appl�ed:

• Adult supervision at all times,

• Only one person on a trampoline at a time,

• Do not attempt or allow somersaults,

• Ensure the trampoline has shock absorbing pads that completely cover the springs, hook, and frame,

• Do not use a ladder as it allows unsupervised access by small children,

• No child under six should use a full size trampoline,

• Place the trampoline away from structures or other play areas,

• Do not walk under the trampoline while in use,

• Always jump in the centre,

• Never play on a wet trampoline, and

• Ensure there is no damage to the trampoline prior to each use.

Nets may help prevent injuries caused by falling off the trampoline but they can also provide a false sense of security giving the impression more tricks and stunts can be attempted because the risk of falling off is reduced.


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Universal PrecautionsThe best way to reduce the risk of disease is to practice “universal precautions.”

Hand wash�ng:

• Wash your hands frequently.

Use of protect�ve cloth�ng and equ�pment:

• Use disposable latex gloves to handle or clean up blood and body fluids or secretions/excretions. Household “rubber” gloves can be used but require cleaning with bleach solution and repeated rinsing with water before they can be used again.

• Hands should be washed after gloves are removed.

• Use waterproof coverings on any open cuts or sores.

Clean�ng up sp�lls of blood and other body flu�ds:

• Clean contaminated surfaces with detergent and water. Then disinfect surfaces with a solution of one part household bleach to 10 parts water. CAUTION: some surfaces may be damaged by exposure to bleach solution.

• Rinse mops and cleaning rags with one part bleach to 10 parts water.

Launder�ng of cloth�ng and l�nen:

• Clothing and linen soiled with blood or other body fluids, secretions, or excretions should be laundered in the hottest water the material will allow. If necessary, soiled articles may be rinsed in cold water before laundering in the hottest water the material will allow.

D�sposal of Contam�nated Waste:

• Secure in a sealed double plastic bag before discarding with routine garbage. Sharp objects, such as broken glass that may be contaminated with blood, should be discarded in sturdy puncture-proof plastic or metal containers (such as an empty coffee can) with a firmly fitting lid.


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Safety Checklist (Safety Environment Assessment for Foster Care)

Indoors

The home is fireproof: with electric cords in good condition, adequate heavy wiring, basement and attic free from oily rags and accumulated papers.

The home is equipped with working smoke detectors.

A fire extinguisher is working and easily accessible.

The radiators, hot water pipes and fireplace are covered so children will not be burned.

The thermostat on the hot water tank is set so boiling water does not come out of the taps.

Unused electrical outlets have plastic outlet covers.

All exits are free of any obstacles or clutter.

The stairs are built securely and protected by guards or railings, free of objects and well lighted.

Window screens are fastened securely to prevent a small child from falling out of the window.

Matches are stored in a place inaccessible to children.

All medicines are clearly labelled and stored in a locked container.

Knives, scissors, and other sharp objects are kept out of reach.

Electric tools are kept in a safe place.

Pins, needles, and other sharp objects are kept out of reach of young children.

All weapons including firearms, BB guns, pellet guns, sport and hunting knifes, cross bows and bows and arrows are kept in a locked facility, separate from any ammunition. All firearms are trigger locked.

All TVs, VCRs, computers, projectors, etc. are secured on stands that ensure no tipping or collapse.

The handles of pots are turned away from the edge of the stove and out of reach of children.

Cleaning agents are stored in original containers and kept out of reach of children.

The crib meets the current standards for safety. If in doubt, check with the child’s caseworker or your foster care worker.

Playpens meet standards and are the fine mesh type.


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Toys are safe (lead-free paints, no removable parts or sharp edges for small children.)

There are no poisonous plants indoors.

Outdoors

The yard is fenced to provide protection from the street for young children.

Equipment, such as lawn mowers and snow blowers, are inaccessible to young children.

Garden tools are stored in a safe place.

There is a safe place for pesticides and chemicals.

The garage is kept locked if it contains equipment or chemicals dangerous to children.

There are no pets that could injure a child.

Poisonous plants are removed from play area.

The play area is free of litter and sharp objects.

All play equipment such as swings, slides, climbing equipment and seesaws are in good repair.

If there is a swimming pool and/or hot tub, children are supervised when using it and not left unattended.

Farm/Acreages

The farmyard is free of debris, glass, old cars, appliances, garbage, etc.

If there is a dugout, well, hole, pond, slough, or septic tank on the farm, they are fenced or in some way barred from small children.

The machinery has guards around the belts and chains.

Supervision is provided when children are around farm machinery, such as tractors, trucks, or augers.

Proper caution is taken when children are around livestock.

Keys are to be taken out of machinery, vehicles, and snowmobiles when not in use.

The workshop is inaccessible to children or kept locked.

Caution is taken when using and storing fertilizers, chemicals, and sprays.

Medications and other treatments for farm animals are inaccessible to children.

All out-building are locked and secured.


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General

The family practices fire drills.

A first aid kit is available.

There is a list of emergency telephone numbers handy.

If needed, there is a medical alert unit available.

The family practices universal precautions.

Confidential records are stored in a secure place.

Rear-facing car seats for zero to 20 lb (9 kg) children.

Car seats with tether and bolt for 20-40 lb (9 kg-18 kg) children.


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AAdministrative Review 13

Adoption Order 4, 5

Alberta Foster Parent Association 1, 15, 17, 19

Allegations 15

Appeals 13

Appeal Panel 14

Apprehension Order 4

BBand Designate 8

CCase Conferences 12

Child, Youth and Family Enhancement Act 2

Child Management 18

Concurrent Plan 12

Confidentiality 10

Court 3, 13

Cribs 21

Custody Agreement 9

Custody Agreement with Guardian 4

Custody Agreement with Youth 4

DDelegated First Nation Agency 2

Delegation of Powers and Duties 9

EEnhancement Agreement with Youth 3, 5

FFamily Enhancement Agreement 3

Foster Allegation Support Team (F.A.S.T.) 15, 16 17

IIssue Resolution 13

LLicensing 10

MMatching 5

Medication 20

NNatural Family 7

PPermanent Guardianship Agreement 5

Permanent Guardianship Order 5, 9

Private Guardianship Order 4, 5

Prohibited Practices 20

RRecord-Keeping 11

SSafety 20, 24

Secure Services Order 5

Service plans 12

Supervision Order 4

Support and/or Financial Agreement 5

TTemporary Guardianship Order 4, 5, 9

Training 18, 19

UUniversal Precautions 25

WWeapons 20

Index


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Notes

foster care handbook

Documents