foundations of united states citizenship lesson 4, chapter 61 the bill of rights

Foundations of United States Citizenship

Lesson 4, Chapter 6 1

The Bill of RightsThe Bill of Rights


Lesson 4, Chapter 6, The Bill of Rights

2

MotivationMotivation• What rights and

privileges do you take for granted that people in other countries do not even have?

• Today, you'll learn more about these benefits.



3

Lesson overviewLesson overview• What is the importance of the Bill of

Rights?

• What freedoms does the First Amendment guarantee?

• What are the limits to First Amendment freedoms?



4

Lesson overview (cont’d)Lesson overview (cont’d)• How are the rights of the accused

protected?

• How are other rights protected?

• How do the amendments passed after the Civil War extend protection to all Americans?



5

Lesson overview (cont’d)Lesson overview (cont’d)• What other amendments were passed

during the 1900s?

• What changes did the civil rights movement bring?



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Quick WriteQuick WriteAs American citizens, we have many rights. List some of the rights that are important to you.



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What is the importance of the Bill of Rights?

What is the importance of the Bill of Rights?

• The Bill of Rights protects civil liberties.

• Civil liberties—freedoms to think and act without government interference or fear of unfair treatment



8

What freedoms does the First Amendment guarantee?

What freedoms does the First Amendment guarantee?

• Freedom of religion

• Freedom of speech

• Freedom of the press

• Freedom of assembly

• Freedom of petition



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What are the limits to First Amendment freedoms?

What are the limits to First Amendment freedoms?

• Compelling public interest—the safety and security of Americans

• Free speech does not include• Inciting a riot• Spreading lies in speech or printed matter



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How are the rights of the accused protected?

How are the rights of the accused protected?

• The Fourth Amendment • Protects against unreasonable search and

seizure

• The Fifth Amendment • Requires indictment for serious federal crime• Protects against double jeopardy• Protects against self-incrimination• Limits governmental power of eminent domain



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How are the rights of the accused protected? (cont’d)

How are the rights of the accused protected? (cont’d)

• The Sixth Amendment • Requires informing accused of charges• Guarantees trial by jury• Guarantees right to a lawyer

• The Eighth Amendment• Allows for bail• Forbids cruel and unusual punishment



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How are other rights protected?How are other rights protected?

• The Second Amendment • Allows individual citizens to keep and bear

arms• Allows militia members to bear arms



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How are other rights protected? (cont’d)


• The Third Amendment• Requires consent for soldiers to move into

private home during peacetime• Requires that Congress authorize the practice

in times of war



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• The Seventh Amendment• Concerns civil cases• Guarantees jury trial if amount of money

involved is more than $20• Does not require jury trial; dispute may be

decided by a judge



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• The Ninth Amendment• Guarantees additional unwritten rights to

citizens

• The Tenth Amendment • Reserves any powers not given to the federal

government to the states



16

How do the amendments passed after the Civil War extend protection to all

Americans?

How do the amendments passed after the Civil War extend protection to all

Americans?• Thirteenth (1865)—outlawed slavery

• Fourteenth (1868)—defined citizens as those born or naturalized in the United States

• Fifteenth (1870)—guaranteed the right to vote to people of all races



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What other amendments were passed during the 1900s?


• Sixteenth (1913)—empowered Congress to levy an income tax

• Seventeenth (1913)—allowed voters to elect their senators directly

• Eighteenth (1919)—prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor



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(cont’d)


(cont’d)• Nineteenth (1920)—gave women the

right to vote

• Twentieth (1933)—shortened the time between the president’s election and inauguration

• Twenty-first (1933)—repealed the Eighteenth Amendment



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(cont’d)


(cont’d)• Twenty-second (1951)—limited

presidents to two full terms in office

• Twenty-third (1961)—gave residents of Washington, D.C., the right to vote for president and vice president

• Twenty-fourth (1964)—made poll taxes illegal in national elections



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(cont’d)


(cont’d)• Twenty-fifth (1967)—provided for

presidential succession in the event of death or incapacity of the president

• Twenty-sixth (1971)—gave citizens 18 and older the vote in national and state elections

• Twenty-seventh (1992)—banned Congress from raising members’ salaries until after the next election



21

What changes did the civil rights movement bring?


• Objections to the discrimination African Americans faced after the Civil War led to

• The formation of the NAACP and the National Urban League

• Desegregation of the armed forces and public schools



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(cont’d)


(cont’d)• Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., led peaceful

protests of unfair laws.

• The Civil Rights Act of 1957 • Set up a civil rights commission and a civil

rights division of in the Justice Department



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(cont’d)


(cont’d)• The Equal Pay Act of 1963

• Banned wage discrimination based on race, gender, religion, or national origin

• The Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Prohibited discrimination in public

facilities, employment, education, and voter registration



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(cont’d)


(cont’d)• The Voting Rights Act of 1965

• Protected free access of minorities to the polls

• The Open Housing Act of 1968 • Prevented discrimination by those who sell

homes

• The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990• Banned discrimination against persons with

physical or mental disabilities



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(cont’d)


(cont’d)• Ongoing challenges

• Controversy over affirmative action programs

• Workplace discrimination• Racial profiling• Hate crimes



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Lesson reviewLesson review• The Bill of Rights protects civil liberties and

guarantees certain rights to all Americans.• The First Amendment guarantees

• Freedom of religion• Freedom of speech• Freedom of the press • Freedom of assembly• Freedom to petition the government



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Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• The safety and security of all Americans

can limit First Amendment rights.

• The Fourth Amendment • Protects against unreasonable searches and

seizures • The Fifth and Sixth Amendments

• Protect the rights of people accused of crimes



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Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• The Eighth Amendment

• Guarantees a speedy trial, allows for bail, and forbids cruel and unusual punishment

• The Second Amendment • Deals with keeping and bearing arms

• The Third Amendment • Prevents soldiers from moving into private

homes during peacetime



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Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• The Seventh Amendment

• Guarantees a right to a jury trial in civil cases

• The Ninth Amendment • Gives citizens rights in addition to those mentioned

in the Constitution

• The Tenth Amendment • Reserves any powers not given to the national

government to the states or the people



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Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• Three amendments passed after the

Civil War• Thirteenth—outlawed slavery• Fourteenth—granted equal protection to all

citizens• Fifteenth—outlawed denial of voting rights

based on race



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Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• The Sixteenth through Twenty-seventh

Amendments deal with issues such as • Direct election of U.S. senators• Women's right to vote• Elimination of poll taxes• Right of 18-year-olds to vote



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Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• The civil rights movement attempted to obtain

full civil rights for all African Americans.• President Truman desegregated the military.• The Supreme Court desegregated public

schools.• Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., encouraged acts of

nonviolent resistance, such as sit-ins, marches, and boycotts.



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Lesson review (cont’d)Lesson review (cont’d)• The Civil Rights Act of 1964

• Prohibited discrimination in public facilities, employment, education, and voter registration

• Ongoing problems include• Controversy over affirmative action programs• Workplace discrimination• Racial profiling • Hate crimes



34

SummarySummary• What is the importance of the Bill of

Rights?

• What freedoms does the First Amendment guarantee?

• What are the limits to First Amendment freedoms?



35

Summary (cont’d)Summary (cont’d)• How are the rights of the accused

protected?

• How are other rights protected?

• How do the amendments passed after the Civil War extend protection to all Americans?



36

Summary (cont’d)Summary (cont’d)• What other amendments were passed

during the 1900s?

• What changes did the civil rights movement bring?



37

NextNext• Done— The importance of the Bill of

Rights

• Next— The branches of the U.S. government

foundations of united states citizenship lesson 4, chapter 61 the bill of rights

Documents

bill of rights slide

civil rights movement

lesson overview contd

arms slide

amendment freedoms

amendment guarantee

unusual punishment slide

printed matter slide