fourier series pulse compression damping ring kicker: another progress report
DESCRIPTION
Fourier Series Pulse Compression Damping Ring Kicker: another Progress Report. George Gollin University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Dog bone (TESLA TDR) kicker specs: impulse: 100 G-m (3 MeV/ c ) ± 0.07 G-m (2 keV/ c ) residual (off) impulse: 0 ± 0.07 G-m (2 keV/ c ) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 1
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Fourier Series Pulse Compression Damping Ring Kicker:
another Progress Report
George Gollin
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 2
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The specs
Dog bone (TESLA TDR) kicker specs:• impulse: 100 G-m (3 MeV/c) ± 0.07 G-m (2 keV/c) • residual (off) impulse: 0 ± 0.07 G-m (2 keV/c)• rise/fall time: < 20 ns
Perhaps larger (but less precise) impulse at injection, smaller (but more precise) impulse at extraction will be desirable.
Small ring kicker rise, fall times can be asymmetric: • leading edge < 6 ns, trailing edge < 60 ns
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Fourier series pulse compression kicker
Instead of a pulsed kicker, construct a kicking pulse from a sum of its Fourier components.
Combine this with a pulse compression system to drive a small number of low-Q cavities.
Illinois, Fermilab, Cornell are involved.
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Participants
Univ. IllinoisJoe CalveyMichael DavidsaverJustin PhillipsGeorge GollinMike HaneyJeremy Williams
This project is part of the US university-based Linear Collider R&D effort (LCRD/UCLC)
CornellGerry DuganJoe Rogers
Tug ArkanEuvgene BorissovHarry CarterBrian ChaseDavid FinleyChris JensenTimergali KhabiboullineGeorge Krafczyk
Shekhar MishraFrançois OstiguyRalph PasquinelliPhillipe PiotJohn ReidVladimir ShiltsevNikolay SolyakDing Sun
Fermilab
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 5
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Fermilab/Illinois activities
Initial studies: use Fermilab A0 photoinjector beam (16 MeV e-) for studies:
1. concept and design studies of FSPC kicker
2. build a fast, simple strip line kicker
3. use the stripline kicker to study the timing/stability properties of the A0 beam
4. build a single-module pulse compression kicker
5. study its behavior at A0
6. perform more detailed studies in a higher energy, low emittance beam (ATF??)
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Right now: simulations and RF engineering discussions…
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 7
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…and writing it up so it is clearly described…
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 8
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…and building a stripline kicker.
Start with a simple kicker whose properties are calculable and can be measured independently of its effects on the A0 electron beam.
Most important: how well can we measure a device’s amplitude and timing stability with the A0 beam?
Fermilab just finished building this. Install next month (April, 2005).
BPM BPM BPM BPM
beam pipe beam pipe
stainless steel pipe
flanges
conducting rods
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 9
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Test it in the FNAL A0 photoinjector beam
16 MeV electron beam, good spot size, emittance.
EOI submitted to A0 group last spring.
Space in beamline will be available ~January 2005
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 10
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Performance modeling studies
Functional units in the system, downstream to upstream:• RF cavity, Q = 25• Waveguide• RF amplifier• Arbitrary function generator
Modeling strategy is to study the consequences of:• drifts in parameter values (e.g. Q of RF cavity)• noise in RF power amplifier output signal• nonlinearities: harmonic and intermodulation distortion
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 11
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Parameters in our studiesParameter Symbol Value
Main linac bunch frequency fL (L ≡ 2 fL) 3 MHzDamping ring bunch frequency fDR (DR ≡ 2 fDR) 180 MHzRF structure center frequency fRF (RF ≡ 2 fRF) 1845 MHzRF structure Q Q 25Waveguide cutoff frequency fcutoff 1300 MHzDesired on field integral A(0) (100 ± .07) Gauss-metersDesired off field integral A(t) (0 ± .07) Gauss-metersfDR / fL N 60fRF / fDR 10.25fRF / fL N 615Bunch length B or B ±6 mm ~ ±20 psKarma ☺ Impeccable
Nothing has been optimized yet!
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RF cavity
• Q = 25• center frequency 1845 MHz
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 13
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RF cavity Q error
Kick error caused by deviations in Q for the center, head, and tail of the kicked and first two unkicked bunches. Full vertical scale corresponds to 0.07 Gauss-meters (2.1 keV/c).
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 14
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RF cavity center-frequency error
Kick error as a function of cavity center frequency error for kicked, first unkicked, and second unkicked bunches .
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Waveguide: 80 meters long for the time being
•80 meters long•1300 MHz cutoff
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Waveguide compresses pulse
Pulse compression!
Maximum amplitudes: •entering ~0.016•exiting ~0.1
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 17
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Waveguide length error
Two contributions to problems:
1. change in flight time down the waveguide
2. relative phases of Fourier components are misaligned
#1 dominates. Differences between delivered kicks and an ideal impulse for waveguides that are 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, and 25 mm too long. The peaks in the kicks have been shifted in time to align with the peak in the ideal impulse that is centered at t = 0. In addition, the delivered kicks have been rescaled to have the same magnitude as the ideal impulse.
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 18
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Waveguide cutoff frequency error
Correcting for time misalignment and change in overall pulse size helps considerably.
Effects of cutoff frequency errors. The curves represent the difference between delivered and ideal impulses as functions of time after aligning the time of the peaks and rescaling the peak amplitudes. Full scale in the plot is 100 ps. Nominal fcutoff is 1.3 GHz. Errors in cutoff frequency for individual curves are indicated on the plot.
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 19
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Amplifier gain error
For now, look at a linearly increasing error as a function of frequency…
Effects of an amplifier gain error that grows linearly with frequency. The curves represent the difference between delivered and ideal impulses as functions of time. The time region in the plot is centered on the arrival time of the kicked bunch.
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 20
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Amplifier phase errorUse a linearly increasing error as a function of frequency here too.
Effects of an amplifier phase error that grows linearly with frequency. The curves represent the difference between delivered and ideal impulses as functions of time. The time region in the plot is centered on the arrival time of the kicked bunch. Full (horizontal) scale is 100 ps. The impulse functions have been shifted in time to align the kicking peaks at t = 0 and rescaled to agree in amplitude with the nominal kick
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 21
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Amplifier noise…Model as flat in frequency, from 300 MHz to 6 GHz for now. Cavity is insensitive to frequencies far from center frequency… 10-4 GHz-1/2
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 22
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…amplifier noiseGenerate in 300 kHz frequency bins, random phases.More work is needed…
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 23
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Nonlinear effects: harmonic and intermodulation distortion
Initial harmonic distortion studies are done. Now working on intermodulation distortion simulation.
f f
f f
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Harmonic distortion
1 1 1 1 11
1 1 1 1
cos cos
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A t A n t
A A A A
11 1 1 1
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0 2 0 2n n
aA n b nA A A
n n
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 25
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Intermodulation distortion
Intermodulation distortion: third-order effects are most likely to be the most important. Under way…
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Building a stripline kicker
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Looking inside the kicker
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Baking the kicker electrodes
Kicker is now assembled, vacuum tested, “high-potted.”
Installation in A0: mid-April.
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 29
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Measuring electrode positions
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Machineable ceramic supports
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UIUC students in A0
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No data yet……but we’ve started working on analysis tools.
Our plan is to generate simple Monte Carlo data to test tools before we have real data.
We bought a new computer:
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We started looking at (old) straight-through A0 data
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HV pulsersStart with a Fermilab linac chopper HV pulser: ±750 V.
Chris Jensen and colleagues just finished it.
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FID pulser
Gerry Dugan is ordering a FID pulser: • Maximum output into 50 Ohm: ±1 kV• Amplitude stability in burst mode 0.3 – 0.5%• Pre- and after-pulses 0.3 – 0.5%• Rise time 10-90% of amplitude 0.6 – 0.7 ns• Pulse duration at 90% of Umax 2 – 2.5 ns• Fall time 90-10% of amplitude 1 – 1.5 ns• Maximum PRF in burst mode 3 MHz• Maximum PRF in continuous mode 15 kHz• Timing jitter, both output pulses vs. trigger 20
ps, max• Power 110/220VAC, 50/60 Hz
George Gollin, Damping ring kicker report, March 9, 2005 36
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. ..IPhysicsPIllinois
UIUC/FNAL, longer term plans
Design, then build one module using existing components.
Fermilab RF group is involved
UIUC HEP electronics design group’s chief is too.
So we’re making progress.
Goals:• install strip line kicker in A0 during April, 2005• understand A0 by summer, 2005• investigate small pulse compression system during summer, 2005