fr2.l10.3: towards validation of smos land products using the synergy between models, airborne and...

IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing - IGARSS 2010. Honolulu, Hawaii, 25-30 July 2010

Remote Sensing: Global Vision for Local Action. SMOS: The Beginning of a L-band Generation of Global Remote Sensed Soil Moisture Observations II

Towards Validation of SMOS Land Products

Using the Synergy BetweenModels, Airborne and Ground-based Data

Over the Valencia Anchor Station.

Definition of Matching-up Points to SMOS Observations

Ernesto Lopez-Baeza & VAS Team

[email protected]



VAS Team

Ernesto Lopez-Baeza, Ahmad AlBitar, M. Carmen Antolin, Jan Balling, Fernando Belda, Catherine Bouzinac, Alejandro Buil, Fernando Camacho, Aurelio Cano, Ester Carbo, J. Cernicharo, M. Amparo Coll, Malcolm Davidson, Steven Delwart, Arancha Fidalgo, Achim Hahne, Silvia Juglea, Yann Kerr, Beatriz Martinez, Christian Mätzler, Susanne Mecklenburg, Arnaud Mialon, Cristina Millan, Cecilia Narbon, Mickael Parde, Fernando Requena, Kauzar Saleh, Mike Schwank, Niels Skou, Sten S. Søbjærg, Jorge Tamayo, I Torralba, Elena Torre, Ingo Voelksch, Jean-Pierre Wigneron, Patrick Wursteisen, Mehrez Zribi

University of ValenciaAEMet, CESBIO, CETP-CNRS, CHJ, EOLAB, EPHYSE-INRA, ESA,

TUD, University of Cambridge (now CDTI), WSL



OutlineThe VAS Site

Soil Moisture Caracterization at the VAS Site

Components of the Validation MethodologyGround Measurements

Including Ground-based L-band Radiometry Exp.

Definition of Homogeneous Environmental UnitsModelingAircraft Campaigns

ESA SVRC (2008)CNES CAROLS (2009)ESA-CNES CAROLS (2010)

Towards the Definition of a Matching-up Point to SMOS Observations

Conclusions



Validation of SMOS Products Validation of SMOS Products over Mediterranean over Mediterranean Ecosystem Natural Ecosystem Natural

Vegetation at the Vegetation at the Valencia Valencia Anchor Station Anchor Station Reference Reference

AreaAreaSMOS Cal/Val AO Proposal no. 3252SMOS Cal/Val AO Proposal no. 3252

L-Band Airborne L-Band Airborne Experiments over Land and Experiments over Land and

OceanOceanSMOS Cal/Val AO Proposal no. 3252SMOS Cal/Val AO Proposal no. 3252



GERB Ground Validation GERB Ground Validation Campaign June 2003Campaign June 2003

GERB Ground Validation GERB Ground Validation Campaign February 2004Campaign February 2004



Hydrological Hydrological Planning OfficePlanning Office

JJAANN

FFEEBB

MMAARR

AAPPRR

MMAAYY

JJUUNN

Climatology from Satellites Climatology from Satellites GroupGroup

Monthly averages

Soil Moisture Content

1940 - 2001

Climatology from Satellites Climatology from Satellites GroupGroup

Hydrological Hydrological Planning OfficePlanning Office

JJUULL

AAUUGG

SSEEPP

OOCCTT

NNOOVV

DDEECC

Monthly averages


1940 - 2001

Monthly Averages


1940 - 2001



10 x 10 km2 reference area

50 x 50 km2 SMOS reference pixel

125 x 125 km2 ECOCLIMAP grid size

Over continental surfaces, SM validation requires a realistic estimation of surface SM in different areas within a SMOS footprint. SM variability depends on soil intrinsic and extrinsic factors. It is necessary to have a sampling strategy that integrates the relationships between hydrological variables, particularly SM, and the parameters of the landscape at different spatial scales.

SOIL MOISURE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE VALENCIA ANCHOR STATION

Ground Sampling StrategyGround Sampling Strategy



Making Sense of Satellite Making Sense of Satellite DataData

Valencia Anchor Station Valencia Anchor Station SMOS Validation PlanSMOS Validation Plan

Soil Moisture Automatic StationsSoil Moisture Automatic Stations

Battery

Acquisition and

Control Board

RF Module

RS

232

Solar Panel

Antenna

Soil Moisture

Probe

COMPUTER

Schematics of the soil moisture network Schematics of the soil moisture network

Network topology

10 X 10 km10 X 10 km22 Control Area Control Area

Vegetation cover

Soil type

Lithology

Fisiography

Synthetic Map Composition

Map of Synthetic Units

Digital elevation model

Map of total units

125 x 125 km125 x 125 km22 SMOS Validation Area SMOS Validation Area

50 x 50 km50 x 50 km22 SMOS Reference Pixel SMOS Reference Pixel

10 x 10 km10 x 10 km22 Control Control AreaArea

SMOS Validation ApproachSMOS Validation Approach

Map Of Selected Homogeneous UnitsMap Of Selected Homogeneous Units



14th April 2008Fractional

Vegetation Cover

22nd April 2008

30th April 2008

EOLAB

Leaf Area Index

14th April 2008

22nd April 2008

30th April 2008

14th April 2008

MODIS Optimum

Water Index22nd April 2008

30th April 2008

125x125 km2



S. Juglea



20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55200

210

220

230

240

250

260

270

280

290

BR

IGH

TN

ES

S T

EM

PE

RA

TU

RE

INCIDENCE ANGLE

MELBEX - 286-292fm

DOY=290.57

SMOS MELBEX (Mediterranean Ecosystem L-

band Characterisation Experiment)

MELBEX-1

Matorral and Shrubs

Valencia Anchor Station, Jun. 2005 -

Feb. 2006



SMOS MELBEX (Mediterranean Ecosystem L-

band Characterisation Experiment)

MELBEX-2

Full phenological cycle of vineyard

Valencia Anchor Station, Mar. - Nov.

2007Start: 23 Mar. 2007 Monitoring vineyard evolution: left to right, top to bottom: 19 Apr, 29 May, 22 Jun, 14 Jul, 2 Oct, 19 Oct. 2007



SMOS MELBEX (Mediterranean Ecosystem L-band Characterisation Experiment)

MELBEX-3

Monitoring SM and environmental conditions during SMOS validation

ELBARAII-3

Valencia Anchor Station, Sep. 2010-



1st Dataset: 24th Sep. – 29th Oct. 2009

M. Schwank



wave Transmissivity of Vineyards



ESA SMOS Validation Rehearsal Campaign

@

the Valencia Anchor Station (April-May 2008)

Significant Environmental Units in the Study Area



20

Team 1

Team 2

Team 3

Team 4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1114

1215

13

17

16

18

19

Ground Team Distribution Along the Flight Lines



S. Juglea



ESA Rehearsal 2008: a) Retrievals of three parameters (3-P: SM, optical depth, roughness) from low-altitude flights over vineyards show good temporal correlation compared to average field SM (5 cm depth), SURFEX SM (2 cm depth ), SURFEX SM (5 cm depth), and SM unit maps (5 cm).

K. Saleh



EMIRAD TB

Intensive SM

SM Unit map

SM SURFEX

SM (m3m-3)or TB/1000,

(K)K. Saleh

S. Juglea



CNES CAROLS Campaign @

the Valencia Anchor Station (April-May 2009)



Remote Sensing: Global Vision for Local Action. SMOS: The Beginning of a L-band Generation of Global Remote Sensed Soil Moisture Observations II2009 CAROLS Campaign @

VAS27th April, 19th May, 28th May



K. Saleh



SMOS 50x50 km2

CAROLS 2009

C. Antolin



Team Type5 Mobile Vineyard Clay soil6 Mobile Vineyard Sandy texture7 Mobile Mixed forest-vineyard8 Mobile Mixed subarbustive shrubland and forest South aspect9 Mobile Mixed subarbustive shrubland and forest North aspect

10 Mobile Cereal 11 Stationary Cereal Sandy texture12 Stationary Forest

Description

Team Type Description13 Stationary Vineyard Clay soil14 Stationary Matorral15 Stationary Matorral16 Stationary Vineyards Loam texture17 Stationary Vineyards Sandy texture18 Stationary Slope Shrubland19 Stationary Cereal Loam texture20 Stationary Cereal Loam texture

Total of 20 Teams

10 Stationary: 2 cilinders every 20 min & ThetaProbe every 10 min

6 Mobile: [3 cilinders + 3 ThetaProbe] X more or less 20-30 plots each (areas of 1 x 1 km2)

4 Transects: [3 cilinders + 3 ThetaProbe] X more or less 20-30 plots each, in 10 x 10 km2 control area a

a

a

a

a

aa

a

aa

Alborea

Casas de Ves

Casas Ibañez

Los IsidrosLos Cojos

Casas de Prada

Casas de Eufemia

El Pontón de Requena

Venta del Moro

Villatoya

Los Duque

CantoblancoEl Viso

1

5 5

9

2

4

3

14

7

3

8

4

66

66

4

7

11

4

2

7

16

4

6

88

13

7

67

3

3

12

11

9

6

5

17

8

7 67

3

1

8

3

7

9

8

8

8

17

815 15

9

15

0 3 61,5 Kilometers

Eq. 5

Eq. 6

Eq. 7

Eq. 8

Eq. 9

Eq. 10

Eq.11 Eq.12

Eq.13

Eq.14Eq.15 Eq.16

Eq.17

Eq.18

Eq.19

Eq.20



Unit 9: Mixed vineyards and forest vegetation



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Tiempo

% H

um

edad

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Tiempo

mV

Equipo 11 Equipo 12 Equipo 13 Equipo 14 Equipo 15 Equipo 16

Equipo 17 Equipo 18 Equipo 19 Equipo 20

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Tiempo

mV



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Tiempo%

Hu

med

ad

Equipo 11 Equipo 12 Equipo 13 Equipo 14 Equipo 15 Equipo 16 Equipo 17

Equipo 18 Equipo 19 Equipo 20

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Tiempo

% H

um

ed

ad



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Tiempo

% H

um

ed

ad



0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Tiempo

mV

Equipo 11 Equipo 12 Equipo 13 Equipo 14 Equipo 15

Equipo 16 Equipo 17 Equipo 18 Equipo 19 Equipo 20

27/04/2009

19/05/2009

28/05/2009

Stationary Teams Linked to Met StationsThetaProbes Vol. Cylinders



Fixed-station Team representative of the Environmental Unit where it

is placed

isolated, uncoupledhighest SM value

irrigated

non-irrigated

not representative of Team EU06, far away, it rained,

lower temperature

Environmental Unit studied

Equipos móviles 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 205 0,000 0,000 1,000 0,014 0,000 0,993 0,000 1,000 0,016 1,0006 0,000 0,000 0,005 0,000 0,000 0,001 0,962 0,015 0,000 0,0007 1,000 0,000 0,005 1,000 1,000 0,000 0,000 0,004 1,000 0,0018 1,000 0,000 0,000 1,000 1,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 1,000 0,0009 0,287 0,000 0,000 0,129 1,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,105 0,000

10 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,359 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000Igualdad de las medias a p>0,05

Equipos fijos



All Data

The three campaign days present low values although significant differences in SM, with values of 0.105, 0.081 and 0.048 m3/m3, respectively



0 0,20,1 Km

±

Cuadradostodo

Humedad1

0,000000

0,000001 - 2,000000

2,000001 - 3,000000

3,000001 - 4,000000

4,000001 - 5,000000

5,000001 - 6,000000

6,000001 - 7,000000

7,000001 - 8,000000

8,000001 - 9,000000

9,000001 - 10,000000

10,000001 - 12,000000

12,000001 - 13,000000

13,000001 - 15,000000

15,000001 - 16,000000

16,000001 - 17,000000

0 0,20,1 Km

±

Cuadradostodo

Humedad2

0,000000

0,000001 - 2,000000

2,000001 - 3,000000

3,000001 - 4,000000

4,000001 - 5,000000

5,000001 - 6,000000

6,000001 - 7,000000

7,000001 - 8,000000

8,000001 - 9,000000

9,000001 - 10,000000

10,000001 - 12,000000

12,000001 - 13,000000

13,000001 - 15,000000

15,000001 - 16,000000

16,000001 - 17,000000

0 0,20,1 Km

±

Cuadradostodo

Humedad3

0,000000

0,000001 - 2,000000

2,000001 - 3,000000

3,000001 - 4,000000

4,000001 - 5,000000

5,000001 - 6,000000

6,000001 - 7,000000

7,000001 - 8,000000

8,000001 - 9,000000

9,000001 - 10,000000

10,000001 - 12,000000

12,000001 - 13,000000

13,000001 - 13,000000

13,000001 - 15,000000

15,000001 - 17,000000

0 0,20,1 Km

±

Legend

CuadradoEq7

Uso

1

2

3

Team 7

Day 1 (27/04/09) Day 2 (19/05/09) Day 3 (28/05/09)1 Vineyard 0,148 0,091 0,0572 Almond Trees 0,096 0,067 0,0683 Forest 0,101 0,083 0,050

Team 7

Unit 9: Mixed vineyards and forest vegetation

C. Millan



C. Millan



CAROLS 2009: b) TB measurements at nadir over the whole area (day 1: dry, day 2: very dry, day 3: very dry)

K. Saleh



ESA – CNES CAROLS Campaign @

the Valencia Anchor Station (April-June 2010)




7th July 2010!!!



EMIRAD TB

Intensive SM

SM Unit map

SM SURFEX

SM (m3m-3)or TB/1000,

(K)

Towards the Definition of a

Matching-up Point to SMOS Observations



S. Juglea



Ready to approach the scientific validation of SMOS land products

Improve both meteorological stations and SM network

The Environmental Units approach has proved to be a very useful tool in the estimation of SM over large reasonably “homogeneous” areas at SMOS scale

Conclusions

The stationary plots have been found to provide optimum representativity of the more extensive units in which they are found.

The aircraft campaigns have been very useful to validate this methodology

The combination of SURFEX – ISBA – L-MEB is actually the reliable spatialization tool for the site at different scales



•Spanish Research Programme on Space, Ministry for Science and Education

•Directorate General for Climate Change, Regional Ministry for Environment, Water, Urban Planning and Housing, Generalitat Valenciana

•European Space Agency (ESA)

•Centre National d'Études Spatiales (CNES)

•Institut Pierre Simon Laplace des Sciences de l’Environnment (IPSL))

•Servicio de Licencias a Operadores Aéreos y Servicios Aeroportuarios, Agencia Estatal de Seguridad Aérea (AESA)

•Aeropuertos Españoles y Navegación Aérea (AENA)

•Valenciana de Aprovechamiento Energético de Residuos S.A. (VAERSA)

•Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMet)

•Servicio de Tecnología del Riego, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA). Regional Ministry for Agriculture, Fishing and Food, Generalitat Valenciana.

•Jucar River Basin Authority. Hydrological Planning Office and Automatic Service for Hydrological Planning (SAIH)

•Excmo. Ayuntamiento de Utiel. Concejalía de Medio Ambiente

•Excmo. Ayuntamiento de Caudete de las Fuentes

•Bodegas IRANZO, Caudete de las Fuentes

•Bodegas y Viñedos de Utiel

•Bodega La Cubera, Utiel

•Nicolás Guaita, Caudete de las Fuentes

Acknowledgments



125 x 125 km125 x 125 km22 SMOS Validation Area SMOS Validation Area

50 x 50 km50 x 50 km22 SMOS Reference Pixel SMOS Reference Pixel

10 x 10 km10 x 10 km22 Control Area Control Area

Thank you for your attention

fr2.l10.3: towards validation of smos land products using the synergy between models, airborne and...

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