fractured fairy tales multiplication & division by dan greenberg

New York v Toronto v London v Auckland v SydneyMexico City v New Delhi v Hong Kong v Buenos Aires

Fractured Fairy Tales Multiplication & Division

by Dan Greenberg

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Scholastic Inc. grants teachers permission to photocopy the designated reproducible pages from this book forclassroom use. No other part of this publication may be reproduced in whole or in part, or stored in a retrieval

system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission of the publisher. For information regarding permission, write to

Scholastic Inc., 557 Broadway, New York, NY 10012.

Cover design by Maria LiljaCover illustration by Doug JonesInterior design by Kelli Thompson

Interior illustrations by Mike Moran

ISBN 0-439-51898-9

Copyright 2005 by Dan Greenberg. All rights reserved.Printed in the U.S.A.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 40 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05

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Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

The Humpty Dumpty Show (MULTIPLICATION FACTS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Goldie Loxe Jones, Famous Food Critic, Searches for the Best Porridge in America (DIVISION FACTS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

The Lion and the Mouse (MULTIPLICATION PROBLEMS & FACTS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Turtle Gets a Makeover (DIVISION PROBLEMS & FACTS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

How to Break Out of the Dungeon (MULTISTEP DIVISION & MULTIPLICATION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

I Married a Beast! (MENTAL MATH: MULTIPLICATION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Interview With a Fool (MENTAL MATH: DIVISION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Advice From Morris the Wise One (ESTIMATING: MULTIPLICATION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

More Advice From Morris the Wise One (ESTIMATING: DIVISION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

The Prime Ministers Dog (1-DIGIT MULTIPLICATION). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Medieval Monarch Magazine: For the Ruler Who Has Everything (AND WANTS MORE!) (2-DIGIT MULTIPLICATION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

The Snake in the River (1-DIGIT LONG DIVISION, WORD PROBLEMS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Contents

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Contents

Channel F Presents: Happily Ever After (MULTIDIGIT MULTIPLICATION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

The Two Warthogs (DIVISION: 1-DIGIT DIVISOR, WITH & WITHOUT REMAINDERS) . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Johnny Icarus and Ed Dedalus (DIVISION: 2-DIGIT DIVISOR, WITH & WITHOUT REMAINDERS) . . 38

The Magic Dancing Shoes (REMAINDERS AS FRACTIONS, ROUNDING) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Jack and the Magic Beans, Part 1 (MENTAL MATH: MULTIPLICATION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Jack and the Magic Beans, Part 2 (MENTAL MATH: MULTIPLICATION & DIVISION) . . . . . . . . . . . 44

The Fisherman and His Fish (MULTIPLYING & DIVIDING FRACTIONS & DECIMALS). . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

The Elves and the Screenwriter (MULTIPLYING & DIVIDING FRACTIONS & DECIMALS) . . . . . . . . 48

King Vitas and the Fraction Touch (MULTIPLYING FRACTIONS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

The Duck Puppy (INTERPRETING REMAINDERS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

The Leap Frogs (PERIMETER & AREA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Modern Medieval Science Magazine (USING A CALCULATOR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

The Four Beautiful Ducklings (MULTISTEP WORD PROBLEMS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Answer Key. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

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Introduction

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The 25 stories in FracturedFairy Tales: Multiplicationand Division all have a single purpose: to teach multiplication and division in an entertaining yet mathe-matically rigorous context.The stories themselves are

based on familiar fairy tales, fables, and relatedconcepts. However, theyve all been transformedinto something new and, we hope, very funny.For example, Humpty Dumpty appears as a TVtalk show host, while Baa Baa Black Sheep is ahard-boiled crime reporter, and Beauty revealsthe bittersweet experience of being married toa beast named Walter.

Each story serves as a launching pad into akey mathematical concept. The book begins byintroducing multiplication and division as basicconcepts, and uses visual examples to reinforcestudents understanding of the material. Fromthere, individual stories progress in skill level,moving through basic multiplication and division facts, to multi-digit multiplication, tolong division, and finally to multiplication anddivision of fractions and decimals. Each storyprovides model problems for students to workthrough before they begin their own computation.

Simple word problems as well as more complex problem solving exercises are providedthroughout the text, as well as special math topics such as interpreting remainders, solvingmultistep problems, finding perimeter and area,and using a calculator. Special emphasis in the book is placed on mental math and estimation,encouraging students to use these skills aschecks for all kinds of calculations. You willfind complete answer key that starts on page 58.

We recommend the following ways to usethese activities in the classroom:

v Whole class participation, in which studentsor the teacher read the story aloud, solve oneor more model problem examples, and thensolve problems individually.

v Small group participation, in which 25 students work together to master the material.

v Individual participation, in which studentsread the stories and solve the problems ontheir own.

We encourage students to engage the stories directly by writing their own responses,comments, and/or questions to events that take place in the text. One fun, cross-curricularoption might have students write their ownfractured fairy tales to complement the stories that they have read.

Overall, the stories in this book are intendedto appeal to all kinds of learnersincluding students not easily motivated by traditionaltextbooksmaking math learning fun andaccessible for all.

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NCTM Standards Grid

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The Humpty Dumpty ShowGoldie Loxe Jones, Famous Food Critic, Searches for the Best Porridge in America

The Lion and the MouseTurtle Gets a MakeoverHow to Break Out of the DungeonI Married a Beast!Interview With a FoolAdvice From Morris the Wise OneMore Advice From Morris the Wise OneThe Prime Ministers DogMedieval Monarch Magazine: For theRuler Who Has Everything (and Wants More) The Snake in the RiverChannel F Presents: Happily Ever AfterThe Two WarthogsJohnny Icarus and Ed DedalusThe Magic Dancing ShoesJack and the Magic Beans, Part 1Jack and the Magic Beans, Part 2The Fisherman and His FishThe Elves and the ScreenwriterKing Vitas and the Fraction TouchThe Duck PuppyThe Leap FrogsModern Medieval Science Magazine

The Four Beautiful Ducklings

Medieval Monarch

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Concept of Multiplication, Multiplication Facts

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Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

The Humpty Dumpty ShowAnnouncer: LIVE from Fairy Land, its the

Humpty Dumpty Show, starring the worlds biggest egg, HumptyDumpty.

Humpty: Hello, Im Humpty Dumpty. I sat on awall. I had a great fall. And now itstime to welcome my first guest, LittleBo Peep. Hows it goin, Bo?

Peep: Whats there to say, Humpty? ImLittle Bo Peep. Ive lost my sheep. Idont know where to find them.

Humpty: Thats tough, Bo. Really tough. Haveyou tried leaving them alone? I mean,isnt it likely that theyll come home,perhaps even wagging their tailsbehind them?

Peep: Leave them alone? Youre joking! Youknow what happens when you leavesheep alone? They stay out all night,BAA-ing at things. Im sick of it. Imsick of sheep!

Humpty: Im sorry to hear that, Bo. Perhaps we should take a break.

How many sheep has Bo Peep lost? To find out, you can multiply 3 groups of 4.

3 x 4 = 12 sheep

Multiply to find how many sheep there are.

1. 2 x 5 = ______ sheep

2. 3 x 6 = ______ sheep

3. 4 x 2 = ______ sheep

Humpty: Welcome back, folks. Now its time to meet my next guest, the Old Woman Who Lives in a Shoe. Come in, Old Woman!

Woman: Come in yourself, you big Egg! Humpty: Why the hard feelings, Old Woman?Woman: I dont like being called the Old Woman

Who Lives in a Shoe.Humpty: But isnt that who you are?Woman: Arent you the Dumb Egg Who Fell Off

a Wall? Humpty: Well, yes, but

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9Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Woman: And, I dont live in a shoe. My name isBrenda and I work in a Kids Fun Centerthat happens to be shaped like a shoe.And I know what to do with my children.I just dont know how many I havebecause they keep moving around indifferent groups.

Here are some of the groups. Write a multiplicationproblem for each picture. Then find the product.

4. ______ x ______ = ______ children

5. ______ x ______ = ______ children

6. ______ x ______ = ______ children

Humpty: Thats all the time we have, everybody.Id like to thank my guests, Little Bo Peepand the Old Woman Who Lives in a Shoe.

Woman: I told you, my name is Brenda, not Old Woman.

Humpty: Sorry. Good night Brenda. And goodnight, Bo.

Peep: Gnight, Humpty. And as far as Im concerned, if you see my sheep you can keep them, Humpty.

Humpty: This is Humpty Dumpty, saying: I sat ona wall. I had a great fall. Then all thekings horses and all the kings mentheycouldnt put me back together again.Good night, everyone. Ill leave you withthese multiplication problems while weroll the credits.

Multiply.

7. 7 x 3 = _______ kings men

8. 8 x 2 = _______ horses

9. 4 x 7 = _______ chicks

10. 7 x 4 = _______ eggs

Humpty: Join me next week when Ill ask my special guest, Mary, Mary Quite Contrary,this question: How does your garden grow?

THE END

Concept of Multiplication, Multiplication Facts

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Concept of Division, Division Facts

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Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Goldie Loxe Jones, Famous Food Critic, Searches for the

Best Porridge in AmericaThere was once a Famous Food Critic for a

great metropolitan newspaper. That would be meGoldie Loxe Jones. Not to toot my ownhorn, but Im a very fine food critic.

But it wasnt always this way. At one point inmy career, I was a struggling young Nobody,looking for my first big break.

The thing is, a famous food critic has to have aspecialty. But there was only one thing that trulygot my motor running: porridge.

So I scoured the world for the perfect bowl ofporridge, but I could not find it. Until one day,deep in the woods, I came upon a small hut, witha neon sign flashing:PORRIDGE!HOT PORRIDGE!The Three Bears Roadside Porridge Stand.

I went in. There was no one around. In no particular order I found: three chairs, three beds,and three bowls of porridge.

Here are 6 bowls of porridge. What happens whenyou put them into 3 equal groups? Division!

6 divided into 3 equal groups = 2 bowls in each group

1. 8 divided into 2 equal groups = _______ bowlsin each group



The rest of the story may sound familiar.I sat. I slept. I ate. The chairs were: too small,

too big, just right. Ditto the beds. But the bowlsof porridge? Simply fantastic! My search wasover. I had found the perfect porridge.

Then the bears arrived, asking: Whos beensitting in my chair? and so on. By then, I wasalready on my laptop, typing out my review. Theheadline: POSH PORRIDGE! 4 STARS! 3 BIGHOORAYS FOR THE 3 BEARS!

Snazzy, eh?The rest, as they say, is history. Over night, I,

Goldie Loxe Jones, went from Whos That? toGoldie Loxe Jones, Famous Food Critic.

And Im still famous today!

THE END

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Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Write a division problem for each picture. Findeach quotient.

4. ____ 3 = _______ beds

5. _______ _______ = _______ bowls

6. _______ _______ = _______ bears

Divide to find each quotient.

7. 16 2 = _______ bowls

8. 20 4 = _______ beds

9. 24 6 = _______ bears

10. 36 6 = _______ children

Concept of Division, Division Facts

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Multiplication Problems and Facts

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Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

The Lion and the Mouse

Once there was a smallmouse who found herself deep in the forest caught in the paws of a mighty lion.

I dont suppose you mightconsider letting me go, would

you, big fella? the mouse said.The lion answered, Not a chance. Then his

eyes narrowed. Whats in it for me? he asked.Im likely to be rich and powerful some day,

the mouse said. And when that day comes, Illhelp you out.

The lion had his doubts about this. A mouse rich and powerful? Impossible! But he let themouse go anyway.

This may surprise you but, every once in awhile, we lions like to do something nice, thelion said.

Time passed. The mouse did well in school,and ended up becoming a big-time lawyer.

Meanwhile, the lion became quite well knownin Hollywood as a character actor. He playedseveral different roles, including a tiger, a panther,and even a hyena (a part that got him an Oscarnomination).

But then the lion got involved in an ugly contract dispute with the studio. They wanted himto do a movie called Mary Had a Little Lamb.The lion wanted to do Richard the Lion-Hearted.The contract was iron-clad. There was no way out.

Im trapped! cried the lion. Ill never get outof this contract!

Or so it seemed. Suddenly the mouse appearedin his office. Remember me? she said.

As the top contract lawyer in town, the mouseagreed to represent the lion in his case againstthe studio. A meeting was called between the twosides. The mouse opened the meeting by saying:Sometimes, its better to be a small mouse than abig lion.

Is this one of those times? asked the lion.No, said the mouse. So Id like to introduce

you all to a very special friend of mine. Mr. Bear,you can come in now.

And with that, the mouse opened a door and incame a ferocious bear who roared so loud thatthe studio lawyers immediately ran away in terror.

We give in! they cried, flinging their papersas they ran. Well do anything you say!

Well, said the mouse, after the studio lawyerswere gone, Looks like we won that case.

How can I ever thank you, small mouse? saidthe lion.

You already thanked me, said the mouse. By letting you go years ago when we were on

the trail? the lion said.No, said the mouse. Your secretary wrote me

a check for my legal services.Oh, said the lion. And the moral of the story is: Its good to be

right, but its even better to have a good lawyer.

THE END

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Multiplication Problems and Facts

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Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Suppose the lion does about 7 good deeds a year.In 4 years, how many total good deeds would thelion do? Answer: 28 good deeds

7 x 4 = 28

1. The mouse became the boss of a large law firmwith 8 lawyers. Each lawyer had 3 clients at atime. How many clients were there in all?

_________________________________________

2. The lions greatest movie role was playing ahyena in The Lonely Hyena. To learn a hyenaaccent, the lion needed to practice 6 hours aday for 9 days. How many hours did he practice?

_________________________________________

3. The mouse pays the bear 8 dollars per roar.How much money would the bear make for 4 roars?

_________________________________________

4. The new movie The Mouse and the Lion tellsthe story of the mouse and the lion. The adver-tising budget call for 8 ads on TV for 9 nights ina row. How many ads will this be?

_________________________________________

5. The Mouse and the Lion earned 8 million dol-lars per week for its first 3 weeks. Then itearned 6 million for the next 4 weeks. Howmuch did it make in all?

_________________________________________

6. A family of 5 went to see The Mouse and theLion. If each ticket cost $7 and each personbought a popcorn that cost $3, how much didthe family spend altogether?

_________________________________________

7. (Challenge) How much would the family inproblem 6 save if they went to the early birdmatinee where tickets are only $5 and popcornis reduced to $2?

_________________________________________

8. (Challenge) Which would be more roaring 7times for 8 dollars per roar, or 6 roars for 9dollars per roar? How much more?

_________________________________________

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Division Problems and Facts

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Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Turtle Gets a Makeover

Turtle had never been a fast runner, so whenRaccoon bragged that he could improve herspeed, Turtle was all ears.

Could you really do that? Turtle asked.Youre only as fast as you think you are,

Raccoon said.Ive always thought of myself as slow,

Turtle said.Then its time to change your thinking,

Raccoon said.Racoon had Turtle do all sorts of speed drills.Do you think these drills will make me faster?

Turtle asked.Speed is a state of mind, Raccoon said.

Turtle ran 12 yards in 3 minutes. At this rate,how many yards did she run each minute?

12 3 = 4

Answer: 4 yards

1. Try again, Raccoon said. So Turtle tried againand ran 16 yards in 4 minutes. How many yardsper minute did she run now?

_________________________________________

2. You want to see some real speed? Raccoonsaid. Watch this. So Raccoon ran 27 feet with-out stopping. If a yard is 3 feet, how manyyards did Raccoon run?

_________________________________________

3. Next, Raccoon ran 48 feet at a speed of 6 feetper second. Now thats speedy, Raccoonsaid. How many seconds did it take to runthis distance?

_________________________________________

Raccoon put Turtle on a special exerciseprogram. She did push-ups, sit-ups, knee-bends,and roll-overs.

4. Every day, Turtle did the same number ofpush-ups for 6 days. In all, she did 42 push-ups. How many did she do each day?

_________________________________________

5. Every day, Turtle did the same number of sit-upsfor 1 week. In all, she did 63 sit-ups. How manydid she do each day?

_________________________________________

Raccoon then gave Turtle a complete make-over. He polished Turtles shell until it was shiny.He painted racing stripes to make the shell lookspeedy and streamlined.

Do you feel fast now? Raccoon asked Turtle.I really do, Turtle said.Good, Raccoon said. Because youre only as

fast as you think you are. At this point, Rabbitshowed up.

Whats with Turtle? Rabbit asked.I gave her a complete makeover, Raccoon

said. Shes now lightning fast. She can beat youin a race.

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0 2 4 6 8 10 12Units in Yards

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Division Problems and Facts

17

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Is that true? Rabbit said. Well see.So a race was set. At the starting line Rabbit and Turtle eyed

one another. Rabbit wore nothing special, butTurtle wore spiked running shoes, a runninghat, and running goggles that made her look,well, ridiculous.

Rabbit could not stop laughing. The startinggun went off. Turtle leaped into the lead.

Rabbit laughed. Turtle barreled on ahead. Rabbit still laughed.

Was Turtle faster than usual? Rabbit couldnttell, because he was too busy laughing.

Rabbit kept laughing until Turtle had almostreached the finish line. Then he dashed off in anattempt to catch up. Just before he was aboutto pass Turtle, Rabbit once more fell into alaughing fit.

He rolled over sideways as Turtle crossed thefinish line.

The winner and new champ, Raccoon cried,TURTLE!

Which just goes to show: Youre only as fast asyou think you areor something like that.

6. During the first part of the race, Turtle ran 24yards at a speed of 4 yards per minute. Howlong did it take to run this distance?

_________________________________________

7. During the next part of the race, Turtle rananother 20 yards in 4 minutes. How many yardsdid she run per minute?

_________________________________________

8. As the race was ending Rabbit ran 72 yards ata speed of 9 yards per second. How long did ittake to run this distance?

_________________________________________

9. (Challenge) Turtle received a $24 prize for hervictory. List the different ways can she divideher prize into equal-sized amounts.

_________________________________________

THE END

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Mixed (Multistep) Division and Multiplication Fact Problems

18

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Does this sound like you: Youre tired all thetime? You spend your days in a dark hole? Youeat bread and water for dinner every night? If so, then you need my new book . . .

Yes, more and more citizens of our fair kingdom are finding themselves locked in theRoyal Dungeon for many, many years and think theres not a thing they can do about it.Until now!

Dont believe it? Im Hobart the Lesser. I got out of the dungeonand so can you. Justfollow the easy steps in my new book. Take a look at what these satisfied customers had to say.

Name: Duff the Stout Crime: Stole a crust of bread Sentence: 60 yearsI thought I was done for. Then I got yourbook. I never realized I could get out of thisdungeon by escaping through a tunnel. Now,all I need to do is dig that tunneland ImOUTTA HERE! Thanks a lot, Hobart the Lesser!

Name: YanaCrime: Coughed during a music performance of the kings sonSentence: 75 yearsYour book is amazing. In Chapter 3, I learned that if a handsome prince came tokiss me, I might turn into a frog and be able to hop through the bars of my cell. Thanks,Hobart the Lesser!

Name: Gomm the TediousCrime: Told dull jokes during lunch with the kingSentence: 200 yearsI used to feel that my life was going nowherein this dungeon. But now, thanks to Hobartthe Lesser, Im studying to be a powerful sorcerer. Before long, Ill be able to cast spells so powerful, Ill just WALK out of this dungeon. Thanks, Hobart, youre the best!

Heard enough? Now you, too, can end your dungeon habit. So dont wait another day for your dungeon sentence to pass. Get Hobart the Lessers fabulous new bookHow to Break Out of the Dungeon. And if you act today, well send you, absolutely free, Hobarts companion book, How to Avoid Being Thrown in the Dungeon in the First Place. Youll love it!

THE END

How to Break

Out of

the Dungeon

BY HOBARTTHE LESSER

L

How to Break Out of the Dungeon

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Mixed (Multistep) Division and Multiplication Fact Problems

19

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Duff the Stout has spent 49 days in the dungeon.How many 7-day weeks is this?

49 7 = 7

Answer: 7 weeks

1. The guards give each prisoner 6 ounces of thinsoup per day. In 8 days, how many ounceswould each prisoner get?

_________________________________________

2. Chapter 4 of Hobarts book is called BribeYour Way Out of the Dungeon. If Yana givesthe guard bribes of 6 ducats per month for 9months, what will her total bribe be?

_________________________________________

3. For his first sorcery lessons, Gomm paid 4ducats a week for 6 weeks. Then for hisadvanced lessons, he paid 5 ducats a week forthe next 7 weeks. How much did he pay in all?

_________________________________________

4. The Tunnel-Co Tunnel Company advertised itsBasic Tunnel for 100 ducats. Duff has 40ducats. If he saves 6 ducats a month, howmany more months will it take to have enoughfor a tunnel?

_________________________________________

5. Suppose Duff is able to save only 5 ducats permonth instead of 6 in problem 4. How manymonths will it take to get the tunnel?

_________________________________________

6. The guards have 100 ounces of thin soup forthe weekend. How many bowls of soup can beserved if the bowls each hold 4 ounces?

_________________________________________

7. The night guard receives bribes of 3 ducats amonth from 3 different prisoners. How muchwill the guard receive from these 3 prisonersover 9 months?

_________________________________________

8. Hobarts book has 9 chapters and 120 pages.Chapter 1 is 48 pages long. The rest of the chap-ters all have the same number of pages. Howmany pages does each of these chapters have?

_________________________________________

9. Moggs sentence of 75 days was reduced by 41days for good behavior. Then 22 days wereadded to her sentence for no reason at all.How many weeks must Mogg serve?

_________________________________________

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Mental Math Multiplication

20

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Model

I Married a Beast!

First off I want to explain. My name is Betty.Though Im not bad-looking, no one has evercalled me Beauty before, not even as a nickname.

But I did marry a beast.Heres how it happened. When a young Beast

named Walter proposed to me, at first I thought,No way! But when I reread the original Beautyand the Beast story, it suddenly dawned on me:Hes going to turn into a handsome youngprince before I know it.

So, to everyones surprise, I told Walter, thebeast, Yes, Ill marry you.

At the most, I figured Id need to sufferthrough a few weeks of beastliness.

Not a chance. As the weeks passed, Walter stilldidnt change. I kept computing the days. After awhile, I worked out a method to compute thedays from weeks using mental math.

7 x 10 weeksMultiply 7 x 1, then attach 1 zero 70

7 x 20 weeksMultiply 7 x 2, then attach 1 zero 140

Use mental math to solve these problems.

1 . 7 x 30 = _______

2. 7 x 40 = _______

3. 4 x 10 = _______

4. 6 x 10 = _______

5. 4 x 20 = _______

6. 6 x 20 = _______

7. 4 x 30 = _______

8. 6 x 40 = _______

9. 4 x 50 = _______

10. 6 x 80 = _______

Keep in mind, we got married more than fouryears ago.

Of course, the whole time, my mother kepttelling me, Hes a beast!

As if I didnt know. But I insisted things wouldget better. As beasts go, Walter was a great guy,with a good heart. So it was only a matter oftime until he went handsome, as they say.

Well, time passed. All my friends were veryunderstanding. He may be a beast now, theysaid, but you just wait.

So I waited. If anything, Walter was worse. He was getting

more beastly. One day I said to him, Have youlooked in a mirror lately, Walter?

Hey, he said, I dont like being a beast anymore than you do!

We went to a doctor. A beast specialist. Whoexamined him every which way.

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Mental Math Multiplication

21

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

How much would it cost to visit a specialist whocharged $100 a visit for 8 visits?

8 x 100Multiply 8 x 1, then attach 2 zeroes $800


11. 8 x 200 Multiply 8 x 2, attach 2 zeroes _______

12. 8 x 500 Multiply 8 x 5, attach 2 zeroes _______

13. 5 x 100 = _______

14. 7 x 100 = _______

15. 5 x 300 = _______

16. 7 x 200 = _______

17. 4 x 500 = _______

Your husband is a beast, the specialist told me. Tell me something I dont know.Basically it ends up like this. He might turn

into a handsome prince tomorrow. Or next year.Or ten years from now. Then again, he might not.The beast doctor wasnt sure.

But heres the good part. You get used to it.And no one ever ignores us. Not in stores orrestaurants or anywhere else.

Yes sir! they say. Yes sir, Mister Beast.So when all is said and done, I guess being

married to a beast is not that bad. Who everguessed I would end up saying that?

THE END

As months turned into weeks, I devised new waysto count the days using mental math.

30 x 20Multiply 3 x 2, attach 2 zeroes 600

300 x 20Multiply 3 x 2, attach 3 zeroes 6,000

300 x 200Multiply 3 x 2, attach 4 zeroes 60,000

18. 400 x 20 = _______

19. 400 x 200 = _______

20. 500 x 40 = _______

2 1 . 500 x 600 = _______

22. (Challenge) Use mental math to find the product of 3,000 x 500. How many zeroes did you attach?

________________________________________

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Mental Math Division

22

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Interview With a Fool

Hello, and welcome to The Big Interview onChannel F, the Fairy Tale Channel. Im PillowJones, your host. Tonight on F, an interviewwith Bascomb the Fool,our kingdoms Top Fooland Official Royal Numbskull.

Pillow: Hello and welcome to the show, Mr. Fool.Fool: Thank you, its a privilege to be here.

Pillow: Youve been the Royal Fool for 14 yearsnow. How have things changed duringyour time?

Fool: When I first started, the focus was moreon being a complete knucklehead. Nowthe trend is moving more toward beingan absolute nitwit.

Pillow: Are you an absolute nitwit?Fool: Does a chicken have lips?

Pillow: Hmm, Im not sure. Tell us about yourchildhood. Did you always want to be a fool?

Fool: Growing up I was more of a nincompoop.But then, in college, I began to focus ondoing really stupid things.

Pillow: Such as?Fool: Well, I put gum in my hair, on purpose!

Pillow: Anything else?Fool: I often put my socks on over my shoes.

Pillow: Fascinating. How did you get your firstbig break?

Fool: When the previous fool got thrown in thedungeon, I took over.

Pillow: Describe the perfect day for Bascombthe Fool.

Fool: I get up. I get through the day withoutbeing thrown in the dungeon. Then I go to sleep.

Pillow: You seem preoccupied with being thrownin the dungeon. Why is that?

Fool: Because its dark, cold, full of rats, andthey might chain you to the wall.

Pillow: Youre a successful fool. Surely the kingwouldnt throw you in the dungeon!

Fool: Of course he would. In a heartbeat.Pillow: What do you do on your days off?

Fool: Sometimes Im so tired of doing stupidthings that Ill do something smartjustfor a change of pace. Ill read a difficultbook or solve mental math problems.

Pillow: And other times?Fool: Ill just sit and stare at my toes.

Pillow: Where does Bascomb the Fool hope to bea year from now?

Fool: Not in the dungeon.Pillow: How about five or ten years from now?

Fool: Still not in the dungeon.Pillow: Thats your only ambition? Not to be in

the dungeon? Fool: Yes.

Pillow: Anything else youd like to say to ourmillions of viewers before we say good night?

Fool: Yes, if you think Im a fool, try looking inthe mirror, pal.

Pillow: Good night, Mr. Fool.Fool: Good night yourself, Pillow.

THE END

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Mental Math Division

23

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

One day, the king said to me, Fool, what is 150divided by 3? Well I didnt have a pencil and paper.But I devised a way to do division MENTALLY.

150 3Divide 15 3, then attach a zero 50

120 2Divide 12 2, then attach a zero 60


1. 180 3 = _______

2. 350 5 = _______

3. 90 3 = _______

4. 210 3 = _______

5. 240 4 = _______

6. 320 8 = _______

7. 360 6 = _______

8. 490 7 = _______

9. 640 8 = _______

10. 360 9 = _______

Dividing larger numbers just means attachingmore zeroes.

1800 3Divide 18 3, attach two zeroes 600

1500 5Divide 15 5, attach two zeroes 300

11. 2400 4 = ______

12. 2500 5= ______

13. 1400 2 = ______

14. 2400 3 = ______

15. 2800 7 = ______

16. 7200 8 = ______

17. 6300 7 = ______

18. 3600 6 = ______

19. 20,000 2 = ______

20. (Challenge) 180 30 = ______ What happens when you have a zero in the divisor?

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

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Estimating: Multiplication

24

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Advice From Morris the Wise One

Morris the Wise One is a licensed Royal Wise Manand practicing SagaciousFellow. He has a MastersDegree in Deep Thoughtfrom Medieval University.He has been advising theKing for many years, andhas (almost) never beenthrown in the dungeon.

Dear Wise One,

Recently, I was about to leap when

someone yelled Look! Does it really

help to look before you leap?

Signed, Leland the Leaper

Dear Lee,

It depends on where youre looking

and leaping. Lets say youre about to

leap over a 87-foot high castle wall with4 hungry crocodiles below. Then it

probably pays to look. On the other

hand, for a lower wall with fewer

crocodiles (or crocodiles that are not

hungry) you might be better off just

to leap. My rule of thumb is: Multiply

the height of the leap by the number of

hungry crocodiles. If the number is

over 300, you should probably look

before you leap.

Sincerely, Morris the Wise One

You can ESTIMATE before you look or leap. Firstround any hard numbers. Then use mental math.Hint: Round to the nearest 10.

87-foot wall x 4 hungry crocs 90 x 4 = 360(Look!)53-foot wall x 5 hungry crocs 50 x 5 = 250(Leap!)

1. 37-foot wall x 9 hungry crocs 40 x 9 = _______

2. 69-foot wall x 6 hungry crocs _______ x 6 = _______

Use estimation to solve these problems.

3. 34 x 4 = _______

4. 63 x 2 = _______

5. 47 x 5 = _______

6. 28 x 4 = _______

7. 58 x 3 = _______

8. 67 x 7 = _______

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Estimating: Multiplication

25

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Dear Wise One,

Recently, I was told that a stitch

in time saves nine. Is this true? If

not, then how many stitches does it

actually save?

Signed, Interested in the Answer

Dear Interested,

Current research shows that each

stitch in time can save a lot more than

9. For example, Brad Finster of

Finster, Ohio, saved 23 stitches for

those he made in time.


You can ESTIMATE the number of stitches yousave. Round each number. Then use mental mathto multiply.

23 stitches made x 11 stitches saved 20 x 10 = 200

9. 41 stitches made x 13 stitches saved 40 x 10 = _______

10. 57 stitches made x 21 stitches saved 60 x 20 = _______

1 1 . 77 stitches made x 42 stitches saved 80 x _______ = _______

12. 91 stitches made x 56 stitches saved _______ x _______ = _______

Estimate the products.

13. 31 x 13 = _______

14. 33 x 19 = _______

15. 48 x 51 = _______

16. 71 x 49 = _______

Dear Wise One,

Is it true that watched pots never boil

and you should never judge a book by

its cover?

Signed, Book Worm Pot-Watcher

Dear Worm,

Somewhat true. What is absolutely

true is that watched books never boil

and that you can never judge a pot by

its cover.


17. Morriss new book, Wise Cracks, has 21 chapters. Each chapter has 28 pages. Estimate the number of pages in the book.

________________________________________

18. Morriss book sells for $29. Estimate howmuch 58 books cost.

________________________________________

THE END

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Estimating: Division

26

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

More Advice From Morris the Wise One

Morris the Wise One is a licensed Royal Wise Manand practicing SagaciousFellow. He has a MastersDegree in Deep Thoughtfrom Medieval University.He has been advising theKing for many years, andhas (almost) never beenthrown in the dungeon.

Dear Wise One,

Recently I was told that the early

bird catches the worm. If this is true,

what does the late bird catch?

Signed, Nightcrawler

Dear Night,

The late bird catches a lot of things.

For example, last week the late bird

caught 92 worms in 3 days. Now I ask

you, on the average, how many worms

did the late bird catch each day?


Use estimation to divide. First round the hardnumbers to make them easy to divide. Then usemental math.

92 worms 3 days 90 3 = 3 worms

1. 149 5 150 5 = _______

2. 213 7 210 7 = _______

3. 418 6 420 6 = _______

4. 322 8 _______ 8 = _______

Use estimation to solve these problems.

5. 76 4 = _______

6. 59 6 = _______

7. 162 2 = _______

8. 273 3 = _______

9. 555 7 = _______

10. 479 6 = _______

1 1. 632 9 = _______

12. 717 8 = _______

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Estimating: Division

27

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Dear Wise One,

Recently, I was told that good things

come in small packages. Is this true?

Signed, Confused

Dear Confused,

It depends. Suppose a $137 necklace

came in a 3-ounce package. How muchdo you think this package would be

worth per ounce?


Sometimes you need to round to a number that iseasy to divide. Instead of rounding 137 to 140,round to 150 because 150 is easy to divide by 3.

137 3 140 3 150 3 = 50

13. 238 5 240 5 _______ 5 = _______

14. 372 6 _______ _______ = _______

Round to an easy number, then estimate the quotient.

15. 109 4 = _______

16. 311 4 = _______

17. 266 7 = _______

18. 433 6 = _______

Dear Wise One,

Recently, I got a bird in the hand.

But then I saw two in the bush. Which

is better?

Signed, Bird Man

Dear Man,

The birds in the bush. Recently, I

counted not 2 birds in 1 bush, but 413

birds in 22 bushes! Clearly, this is better

than a bird in the hand. By the way,

can you calculate the average number

of birds in the 22 bushes?


Sometimes you need to round both dividend anddivisor to get easier numbers.

413 22 410 20 400 20 = 20242 47 240 50 250 50 = 5

Round to an easy number, then estimate the quotient.

19. 438 87 440 90 _______ 90 = _______

20. 107 54 = _______

21 . 151 29 = _______

22. 627 72 = _______

THE END

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1-Digit Multiplication

28

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

The Prime Ministers Dog

Long ago, in a very up-and-coming kingdom,there was an up-and-coming young governmentminister named Carp. Minister Carp was veryhandsome and charming. But was he smart?

Not really.It didnt matter though, because Minister Carp

had a really smart dog. This dog did everythingfor the minister. The dog wrote his speeches andmade his decisions. The dog submitted laws andproposals. At every step of the way, the dog toldthe minister what to do.

In time, Minister Carp became Prime MinisterCarp. On the eve of his election, Carp gave abrilliantspeech (written by the dog). After thespeechwhich everyone lovedthe ministercalled the dog into his office.

Youre fired, the Prime Minister said.Fired? The dog was stunned. What now?

There were 3 villages in District A. Each villagehad 14 votes. How many votes were there in all?

1 4 11 4 11 4x3 x3 x 3

2 42

Find each product.

1. 28 2. 36x 2 x 3

3. 4 3 4. 35x 4 x 3

5. 53 6. 72x 7 x 5

7. 47 8. 46x 6 x 7

9. 78 10. 8 9x 8 x 5

As time passed, the dashing Prime MinisterCarp became ever more popular in the kingdom.The dog became ever more jealous. Why shouldhe profit from my ideas? thought the dog.

So, the dog made a decision. It would run forPrime Minister. A debate was scheduled shortlybefore the election.

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29

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

At the debate, the Prime Minister spoke first.To tell the truth, he said nothing new or interesting.But he was very handsome and made a splendidimpression on the audience.

Next the dog got up to speak. The dogs speechwas brilliant. It was daring and imaginative. Butwho heard it? When the dog got up to speak theaudience started to hoot.

A dog! they laughed. Sit down, pooch!Bow wow! others jeered.The dog tried to speak, but they kept jeering.

The audience was divided into four sections with374 people in each section. How many peoplewere there in all?

384 3184 23184 23184x 4 x 3 x 3 x 3

2 52 1 1 52

1 1 . 733 12. 483x 4 x 5

13. 626 14. 584x 6 x 7

15. 895 16. 397x 6 x 9

Finally the dog left the stage. In a few days, thedog quit the campaign and retired from politics.Today, the dog lives on a farm and does the thingsmost dogs dotakes walks, fetches bones, naps,and so on.

The moral of the story? Dont expect the worldto be fairespecially if youre a dog.

THE END

17. The dog served Minister Carp for 6 years. Howmany days was this? (Hint: There are 365 days in one year.)

________________________________________

18. Minister Carp bought 7 suits. Each suit cost408 ducats. In all, how many ducats did Carp spend?

________________________________________

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30

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Table of Contents

Dinner for 1200: A Royal Feast at a Fraction of the Cost BY LESTER THE COOK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Hey, weve all been there. Its your turn to have 1200 or so of your closest lords, ladies, vassals, noblemen, serfs, villeins, and chattel to dinner, and YOUVE GOT NOTHING PLANNED! Never fear! We show you the simple secrets of how to entertain hundreds or even thousands of unwanted guests in five easy steps!

Spruce Up Your Dungeon for Only Pennies a Day BY DUNGEON KEEPER GOBAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Youve heard the whispers. Whats that smell? your visitors say. And lets face it. MUSTY DUNGEON ODOR can spoil an otherwise splendid castle. Five E-Z steps to avoid this embarrassing problem.

Your Highness or Your Excellency? BY LADY ANNABELLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72In todays medieval world, many kings and queens are doing away with traditional bowing and scraping. Is this a good thing or a bad thing? Our panel discusses why groveling andcringing is not only good for the ruler, its also good for the subject as well.

Free Speech: Not All Its Cracked Up to Be BY LORD PERCY SNOOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Recent research shows that the idea of free speech works best when subjects realize that they are free to say anything they want as long as you the ruler are free to throw the subjects in the dungeon.

Collecting Taxes: Getting the Most Out of Your Subjects BY TORD THE UNMERCIFUL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Our tax collection experts go over the best methods. Does holding people upside-down and shaking out their pockets work? Well show you how to collect the most for the least amount of bother.

In Sports: Dragons Lose Again; Damsels Cheer BY EDGAR THE LOYAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105Our Sports Editor, Edgar the Loyal, discusses the recent trend of 458 consecutive contests in which a Knight in Shining Armor was able to defeat an Evil Dragon. Is there a flaw in theDragons basic strategy?

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31

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

A single royal feasterconsumes 46 morselsof food per feast. Howmany morsels will 43feasters consume?

46 146 2 146 2 146x 43 x 43 x 43 x 43

138 138 1381840 1840

1978

1. 46 2. 63x 24 x 25

3. 73 4. 79x 38 x42

5. 78 6. 35x 15 x 13

7. 42 8. 73x 36 x 24

9. 36 10. 86x 33 x 24

1 1. The Royal Tax Collector collected 58 ducatsfrom 31 different farmers. How many ducatswere collected in all?

________________________________________

12. Rolvar the Scribe got a product of 5036 whenhe multiplied 48 by 82. Estimate: Does Rolvarsanswer sound correct to you? Explain.

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1-Digit Long Division

32

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The Snake in the River

A young prince was walking along the riverwhen he happened to see a snake on a log.

Help me! the snake said. I fell asleep baskingon this log. Now the log has floated to the middleof the river. Im stuck! I cant swim.

Why should I help a snake? asked the prince.What can you do for me?

You can tell me your troubles, the snake said.I am clever at helping people with their problems.

Hmm, thought the prince. He did have sometroubles. A beautiful princess had recently rejectedhim. And this was after hours of telling her howstrong, handsome, and wonderful he was.

Your problem is that youre too self-centered,said the snake. Go and see the young lady again.Instead of talking only about yourself, talkabout her.

Hmm, said the prince. That sounds like agood idea. If it works I will return and free youfrom your log.

The prince followed the snakes adviceand itworked. The princess was delighted, and soonshe invited the prince for a ride along the river.Before long, they came to the very place wherethe snake was stuck on the log.

The snake drifted 78 feet in 3 hours at a steadyrate. How many feet did the snake drift each hour?Use division to find the quotient.

2 2 263 78 3 78 3 78 3 78

6 6 61 18 18

180

Find each quotient.

1. 3 39 2. 4 48

3. 6 66 4. 5 95

5. 3 93 6. 2 78

7. 6 96 8. 7 98

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Over here! Prince! the snake cried.Whos that? asked the princess.Oh, its just a snake, the prince said. He

helped me before and now he wants me to helphim. But I wont do it.

Why not? asked the princess.Snakes are low creatures, said the prince.

You cant trust them. Well, I think you should help the snake, said

the princess. After all, the snake helped you. Itsonly fair.

With that, the prince waded out in the water,picked up the snake, and was promptly bittenon the arm.

Yow! the prince howled at the painful, yetnonpoisonous, wound.

What did you do that for? the princess asked.Creatures behave the way you expect them to

behave, said the snake. The prince expectedtreachery. So treachery was what he got.

THE END

Before they met up with the snake, the princeand princess rode 152 feet in 8 seconds at a steadypace. How many feet did they ride each second?

1 1 1 98 152 8 152 8 152 8 152

8 8 87 7 2 72

720

Find each quotient.

9. 2 146 10. 4 168

1 1 . 5 185 12. 6 198

13. 7 168 14. 5 225

15. 8 456 16. 9 324

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Channel F Presents: Happily Ever After a Fractured Fairy Tale

Hello, and welcome to Happily Ever After onChannel F, the Fairy Tale Channel. Im PillowJones, your host. Tonight, live via TalkingMirror satellite technology, we bring youPrincess Brier Rose, a.k.a. Sleeping Beauty.

Pillow Jones: Hello, Rose. This is Pillow Jonesfrom Happily Ever After. Can youhear me all right through yourTalking Mirror satellite hook-up?

Brier Rose: (yawning) Yes, fine Pillow. Im a lit-tle tired, thats all. I just woke up.

Pillow: So, Rose tell us about whats beengoing on since we last saw you?

Rose: Well, as you may know, I ran into a string of bad luck. First, an evilwitch cast a spell on me. Then I pricked my finger on a poison spindle. Then, I slept for 100 years.Finally, things worked out when Iwas kissed by a handsome prince.

Pillow: How did things go from there?Rose: Well, we were supposed to live

happily ever after. But there was oneproblem. We had no castle. We hadto move in with the King and Queen.

Pillow: Living with your in-laws? Ugh!Rose: Tell me about it! I told the prince

it was them or me. So we finallymoved outon the morning of my126th birthday!

Pillow: Wait a second. Youre a 126 years old?Rose: Well of course! If you sleep for 100

years, you tend to age rather quickly,you know. In any event, my husbandswears I dont look a day over 120Ha ha!

How many months is 126 years? Multiply 126 by 12.

126 1126 1126 1126x 12 x 1 2 x 1 2 x 1 2

252 252 2521260 1260

1 5 1 2

1. 472 2. 213x 21 x 43

3. 305 4. 281x 16 x 42

5. 643 6. 734x 35 x 19

7. 694 8. 883x 47 x 77

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Rose: Just last week, we finally bought our owncastle. Guess what? The place is a mess!The roof leaks, the drawbridge is rusty,and the moat needs dredging, and so on.The place is going to need a major face-lift!

Pillow: Thats a lot of gelt, Rose, if you dont mindmy saying so! So where will you get themoney?

Rose: At first we thought wed work for it! Butthen, honestly, Pillow. What can we do?Hes a prince. Im a princess. We dontwork! So, we decided to raise the moneythe old-fashioned way

Pillow: Wait, dont tell me. You raised taxes on thepeasants. Brilliant!

Rose: It is brilliant, isnt it? Anyway, heres theplan. Each peasant pays us 376 ducats permonth for the 482 months. Or its equivalentin cows, pumpkin seeds, bushels of oats,or in some cases, weasel pelts.

Pillow: That sounds like an excellent plan. Whenare you moving in?

Rose: Well, Im not sure. And if you dont mind, Ithink Ive had enough of this interview,Pillow. Im feeling kind of sleepy.

Pillow: So there you have it, folks. This is PillowJones reporting live from the land ofSleeping Beauty. Good night, and remember,Live Happily Ever After!

Rose: (yawning) Gnight.

THE END

To find out how much the peasants have to pay,multiply 482 by 376.

482 44182 54182 24182x 376 x 376 x 376 x 376

2892 2892 289233740 33740

1446001 8 1 2 32

9. 365 10. 455x 594 x 586

1 1. 645 12. 656x 481 x 126

13. 483 14. 596x 578 x 588

15. 782 16. 898x 996 x 769

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Division with Remainders

36

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The Two Warthogs

Two warthogs lived in the same hole. Onewarthog was beautifulat least as warthogs go.The other was uglyagain, at least as warthogs go.

The beautiful warthog was always gettingvisitors. Warthog boyfriends crowded around.They brought flowers and giftsthe kind of rot-ting food that warthogs love to eat. They acted asif the ugly warthog didnt exist.

Why should she get all the attention, and I getnone? the ugly warthog asked herself.

By and by it became known that a Hollywoodstudio was about to make a movie that included akey part for a warthog. A producer was comingto hold auditions for the part.

Hollywood!There was much talk of the auditions in the

warthog village. Of course, everyone agreed thatthe beautiful warthog would be perfect for the part.

The day came for the auditions. One by onethe warthogs appeared and said their lines.

Thank you very much, the producer said toeach contestant.

The producer scheduled 180 minutes for 7 auditions. How long should each audition last?How much time will be left over?

25 R57 180

-1440

-355

The remainder of 5 shows that there will be 5minutes left over after the last audition.

Hint: The remainder must always be SMALLERthan the divisor.

Write each quotient with a remainder.

1. 4 102 2. 3 88

3. 8 147 4. 6 197

5. 3 854 6. 4 458

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Division with Remainders

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7. 8 747 8. 6 295

9. 7 806 10. 6 567

Finally, it was the beautiful warthogs turn. Shesaid her lines flawlessly.

Thank you very much, said the producer.Then a surprise. The ugly warthog stood to

read her lines.Whats she doing here? thought the beautiful

warthog.The ugly warthog also read her lines well.

When she was finished, the producer smiled andsaid, I think weve got a winner!

The ugly warthog was whisked away toHollywood, where she appeared in the movie.She then went on to enjoy a successful careerfor many years playing warthogs in a variety of movies.

One day, many years later, the beautifulwarthog visited Hollywood and came to the uglywarthogs dressing room. After catching up onold times, the beautiful warthog could not helpbut ask:

What went wrong? I was beautiful. Everyoneliked me. And no one liked you. Yet you ended upbeing a movie star. And me? A nobody. Why yourather than me?

Thats simple, said the ugly warthog. Beautyisnt everything. Not for a warthog, anyway. Here,they want a warthog to be a warthog. Its thatsimple. And thats why Im a success.

The beautiful warthog could not argue withthis logic. So she went home and never worriedabout Hollywood again.

THE END

1 1. The beautiful warthog started her ownBeautiful Warthog Beauty Shop. She scheduled95 minutes for 4 customers. How many minutes were scheduled for each customer?How many minutes were left over?

________________________________________

12. The Beautiful Warthog Beauty Shop had 113customers in its first 4 weeks. How many customers did it have on the average each week?

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2-Digit Division

38

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Johnny Icarus and Ed Dedalus

Johnny Icarus wasnt much. He wasnt thatgood-looking. He couldnt sing all that well, andhe couldnt dance. But boy, could that JohnnyIcarus play the guitar!

Dee-ow, dee-ow, deee-aaah, dee-ow dee-owdee-ow!

The audience screamed, GO, JOHNNY, GO!The thing is, Johnny Icarus didnt actually have

a guitar. He didnt need a guitar. He did it all withhis mouth, making it sound just like real guitar:Dee-ow, dee-dee-do-w-w-w!

It wasnt long before he was signed by DedalusRecords. Ed Dedalus himself signed Johnny. A hitalbum followed: Johnny-A-Go-Go!

Critics raved. Audiences bought millions.Soon, Johnny Icarus was a star and he opened aglitzy stage show in Las Vegas.

But the Johnny Icarus Show wasnt just anyshow. It was the most spectacular show in town,folks said.

That is, except for Sunny Biggs. Sunny was theundisputed King of Las Vegas. The Sun Manwas known far and wide. Nobodys show was asbig as Sunnysnobodys.

Until Johnny came along.A word of advice, young man, Ed Dedalus

told Johnny. Sunny Biggs is the star here. Youare just a minor moon.

What is that supposed to mean? Johnny asked.Dont fly too high, kid, Dedalus said. Dont

get too close to the Sun Man. Youll get burned.

Twenty people paid a total of $540 to get ticketsfor Johnnys show. How much did each ticket cost?

0 2 2720 540 20 540 20 540

- 40 -4014 140

- 140 0

Find each quotient. Some answers may have a remainder.

1 . 20 360 2. 30 150

3. 40 560 4. 70 910

5. 30 965 6. 50 232

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How manytimes does 20go into 54?Estimate byasking: Howmany timesdoes 2 go into 5?

How manytimes does 20go into 140?Estimate: Howmany 2s are in 14?

Estimate:5 2 = 2

Estimate:14 2 = 7

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2-Digit Division

39

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But Johnny didnt listen. In fact, he decided toput on a new, more spectacular show right acrossthe street from Sunnys show.

Thats too close, Dedalus told Johnny. Dontget too close to the Sun Man.

But Johnnywho now billed himself asIcarusnot only did it. He got a new costumeeven more spectacular than Sunnys. It was shapedlike a huge bird, and had gigantic wax wings tomake Johnny seem like some magnificent creature floating over the stage.

Im telling you, kid, Dedalus said. Dont do it.Dont get too close to Sunny. Youll get burned.

The night of Johnnys first show came. Wearinghis spectacular wax bird costume, Icarus swoopeddown on the stage. This is great! the audiencecried. This is fabulous. This is better than Sunny!

There were 736 people in the audience atJohnnys show. They sat in 32 rows. How manypeople sat in each row?

0 2 2332 736 32 736 32 736

-64 -649 96

-960

Find each quotient.

7. 13 273 8. 22 792

9. 29 493 10. 41 820

11. 53 1431 12. 48 1488

Icarus kept playing. GO, JOHNNY, GO! they cried.

But then the bright hot lights started to takeeffect. Johnnys spectacular wax bird costumebegan to melt. Soon, Icarus was falling apart,his bird costume drooping into a weeping,gooey mess!

BOO! the audience cried.Icarus tried to keep playing, but it was no use.

His show was crashing to the ground and therewas nothing he could do about it. The audiencegot up to leave.

Lets go over and see Sunny, they said.To make a long story short, that was the end of

Johnny Icarus. At least in Vegas. Oh, he still playsand everything, but its strictly small-time stuff.Today, Johnny admits it himself.

I got too close to the Sun, he says. I learnedmy lesson. The hard way.

THE END

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How manytimes does 32go into 7? Itdoesnt, so move on.

How manytimes does 32go into 73?Estimate byasking: Howmany timesdoes 3 go into 7?

How manytimes does 32go into 96?Estimate: Howmany 3s are in 9?

Estimate:7 3 = 2 Estimate:

9 3 = 3

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Mixed Word Problems

40

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The Magic Dancing Shoes

Anya loved dancing. Every afternoon shestood at the window of Slick Arnolds DanceStudio and stared inside at the dancers.

If only I could be like them, Anya sighed.One day, Slick Arnold noticed her. Hey kid,

he said. Why dont you come in and learn todance? Your first lesson is only $19.95 plus shipping and handling.

Shipping and handling? Anya said. Whywould I need shipping and handling when Imstanding right here?

Good question, said Slick Arnold, who wasnothing if he wasnt slick. I tell you what, kid. Illdrop the shipping and handling charge if you signup right now for the full 9-week course. Thats a$1253 value for $126. Plus Ill throw in two BONUSlessons for an additional $171, including tax, title,and destination fee.

How much will the 9-week course cost per weekif Anya signs up for bonus lessons?First calculate the total.

126 + 171

297

Then, divide by 9, the number of weeks for the course:

339 297

2727270

Calculate. Round your answer to the nearestwhole when necessary.

1. How much will the 9-week course cost perweek if Anya does not sign up for bonus lessons?

__________________________________________

2. How much would the course cost each week ifAnya paid the regular price?

__________________________________________

3. Without the bonus lessons, how much doesAnya save over the regular $1253 price forthe course?

__________________________________________

4. How much will Anya save each week?

__________________________________________

5. If Anya buys Arnolds 9-week special withoutthe bonus lessons, how much is the averagedaily cost?

_________________________________________

Thats a mighty attractive offer, Mr. Arnold,Anya said meekly. But I couldnt. Im just tooclumsy and awkward to be a dancer.

Slick Arnold took Anya by the arm. He showedher pictures on the wall of famous dancers MurphBunsen and Pebble Pearson.

Wow, Anya said. Murph and Pebble. Did youteach them how to dance?

Slick Arnold shook his head. Not exactly, hesaid. But the point is, they were just like you: shy,awkward, and clumsy. They claimed they couldntdo it. But they had one thing you dont have.

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Mixed Word Problems

41

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Whats that? Anya asked.Slick Arnold reached into a closet and pulled

out a box.A pair of Magic Dancing Shoes, he said.

You put them on, then bingo! Youre a greatdancer! And all for a low, low price of $116 in 6 easy payments.

Its as easy as that? Anya said.Even easier, Slick Arnold said. Because right

now, I can let you have the shoes, the 9-weekcourse, the bonus lessons, plus my own SlickArnold CD Dance Machine, all for the unheard ofprice of 18 easy installment payments of $36each. What do you say, kid?

6. What is the total cost of the installment payments for the complete package?

________________________________________

7. Slick Arnold will lower each payment to $26 ifAnya makes 27 installment payments instead of18. Is this a good deal? How much more or lesswill Anya pay for this deal?

_________________________________________

8. Slick Arnold sold 35 dance courses for $171each, and 13 courses for $126 each. How muchdid he make in all?

_________________________________________

The rest, as they say, is history. Anya boughtthe Magic Dancing Shoes, the 9-week course, thebonus lessons, and the CDall for Slick Arnoldslow, low price. And the next day she showed upat Slick Arnolds Dance Studio and started tolearn to dance.

And she wasnt too bad, either.Did the Magic Dancing Shoes help?Hey, they couldnt hurt, said Slick Arnold.

THE END

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Decimal Multiplication

42

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Jack and the Magic Beans, Part 1Jack lived with his mother and they were poor.

To get money, Jacks mother sent him to SharkysUsed Car Lot to sell their car, a rusty 98 Road Cowwith more than 200,000 miles on it. The Road Cowhad little value, but when Jack traded it in for ahandful of magic beans, his mother was furious.

Magic, shmagic! she cried. And she threw the beans out the window. The next morning, when Jack looked out the

window there was no magic beanstalk. But therewas a high-rise out there, known as the BeanstalkBuilding.

Jack found the magic beans where his motherhad thrown themon the sidewalk in front ofthe new building. He took them inside, roastedthem to a dark, glossy sheen and brewed themwith milk into a delicious hot drink.

I think Ill call this cappuccino! Jack said.Needless to say, the drink caught on. Soon

Jack had turned their cottage into a swank cafnamed Jacks. Jacks did great business. Andbecause the beans were magic, Jack neverseemed to run out of them.

One reason Jack did so well was that he usedmental math in his business. For example, if 10people ordered double-latts for $3.25, Jackwould multiply by 10 moving the decimal pointone place to the right.

$3.25 x 10 move one place right = $32.50

Use mental math to find each product.

1. $0.49 x 10 move one place right = _________




5. $341.75 x 10 = _________

To multiply by 100 he moved the decimal twoplaces to the right.$3.25 x 100 move two places right = $325.00$0.53 x 100 move two places right = $53.00

6. 0.531 x 100 move two places right = _______

7. $6.50 x 100 move two places right = _______



10. $45.12 x 100 move two places right =_______

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43

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The caf was so successful that a second coffeeshop soon sprang up to catch some of Jacksoverflow business. This caf was owned by agiantChuck Giant was his name. He called theplace Giants Sky Caf. The Sky Caf was locatedon the top floor of the Beanstalk Building.

Chuck Giant was a well-known bad guy. Giantwas bitterly jealous of Jacks caf. His own coffeewas bad; it tasted like dishwater.

If only I had those magic beans, Giant wasoften heard to mutter.

One morning Jack woke up and his magic beanswere gone! Normally, he kept them inside of aceramic golden goosebut suddenly, the goosewas nowhere to be found!

By some coincidence, word got out that thecoffee at Giants Sky Caf was suddenly improved.Indeed, Giants espresso was now excellent! Itscappuccino was colossal! Its latt was luscious!

Needless to say, Jack was suspicious. Had gianttaken the magic beans? There was only one wayto find out!

End of Part 1. See Part 2 for the thrillingconclusion of this story!

Use mental math to find each product.

1 1 . 63.7 x 10 = _______

12. 65.22 x 100 = _______

13. 17.09 x 10 = _______

14. $56.12 x 100 = _______

15. 525.4 x 10 = _______

16. 14.39 x 100 = _______

17. To make one cup of coffee, Jack needs 4.3ounces of water. How much water does heneed to make 10 cups?

_________________________________________

18. Jack makes a $0.47 profit on each cup of cappuccino he sells. How much profit does hemake on 100 cups of cappuccino?

_________________________________________

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Decimal Division

44

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

Jack and the Magic Beans, Part 2

Our story so far: Jack traded in the family carfor magic beans. He used the beans to open hiscaf, Jacks. His caf was a success but the cafin the nearby Beanstalk Building owned by awell-known bad guy, Chuck Giant, was not asuccess. Giant was extremely jealous of Jackand the magic beans that Jack kept in a goldengoose. One morning Jack discovered the goldengoose was gone!

Jack was determined to get the golden gooseback. But when he came to the BeanstalkBuilding, the elevators were out of order.

Now there was only one way to get to the topof the Beanstalk BuildingJack would need toclimb there!

So climb he did. On the 44th floor, Jack finallyreached the Sky Caf. He tumbled in through thewindow and immediately hid.

Now Giant had a good nose, and he instantlysaid: Fee, fie, foe, fum, I smell a cup ofEnglish-One!

English-One was a type of tea Jack had beenmaking that morning (because he was out ofcoffee beans). It was a soothing blend that wasknown to put people to sleep. Giant askedWanda, Giants kindly waitress, to bring him acup of the tea, and he quickly fell asleep. At thispoint, Jack rushed out.

Quick! he said to Wanda. Where is thegolden goose?

Now Wanda was a good person, and she hatedworking for Giant, who was cruel, dishonest, andstole most of her tips. So she gave Jack the goldengoose with the magic beans inside.

Wanda had to divide up $64.80 in tips among 10different people. She did this mentally by movingthe decimal point one place to the left. You can, too.

$64.80 10 move one place left = $6.48576.87 10 move one place left = 57.687

1. $8.80 10 move one place left = _______

2. 44.31 10 move one place left = _______



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Decimal Division

45

Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________

To divide by 100 he moved the decimal two places.$4643.00 100 move two places to the left = $46.43

5. 118.78 100 move two places left = _______

6. $62.00 100 move two places left = _______



Ive got to go, Jack said, as soon as he hadthe beans.

Ill go with you! cried Wanda.So the two of them escaped. Jack went back to

his caf. Wanda joined him as his new businessmanager. With his golden goose full of magicbeans back, Jacks was busier and better thanever. And Giant? He was ruined. He lost his leaseon the Giants Sky Caf and had to go back to hisrodent extermination business.

A few years later Jack sold Jacks caf to alarge corporation. Jack, Wanda, and Jacks moth-er currently live in Florida, where they head theMagic Bean Foundation, an organization dedicatedto helping people avoid getting swindled whenthey trade in used cars.

THE END

Use mental math to find each quotient.

9. $78.30 10 = _______

10. 912.3 10 = _______

1 1 . 65.22 100 = _______

12. 441.67 100 = _______

13. 29.43 100 = _______

14. 872.3 10 = _______

15. 66.22 10 = _______

16. 5.9 100 = _______

17. The Magic Bean Foundation collected $8759from 10 donors. What was the average amountthat each donor gave?

_________________________________________

18. The Magic Bean Foundation plans to use the$8759 it collected to help 100 people. On the average, how much money will each person get?

_________________________________________

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46

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The Fisherman and His Fish

On a bright and sunny day, a fisherman threwhis line into the water and hooked a large andbeautiful fish.

Please let me go, said the fish. For I am noordinary fish. I am actually a lovely princess whohas been enchanted by an evil sorcerer.

I am no ordinary fisherman myself, said the fisherman. Im about to be a bridegroom.Tomorrow, Im getting married!

Ooh, a wedding, said the fish. I love weddings.Take me with you, fisherman.

So the fisherman brought the fish to his wedding. His bride-to-be wasnt ple

fractured fairy tales multiplication & division by dan greenberg

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