france and britain clash in america. england and france competing to be most powerful, fighting each...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: France and Britain Clash in America. England and France competing to be most powerful, fighting each other throughout world France controls Ohio River](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649d155503460f949eb5bf/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
France and Britain Clash in America
![Page 2: France and Britain Clash in America. England and France competing to be most powerful, fighting each other throughout world France controls Ohio River](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649d155503460f949eb5bf/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• England and France competing to be most powerful, fighting each other throughout world
• France controls Ohio River Valley, English colonists want it
• Fighting over resources: fishing, farming, furs• English afraid the colonies will become
surrounded
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Native Americans Take Sides • French had many NA
allies– treated them better, lived with and respected ways, didn’t take land
• NA’s help French by attacking English settlements
• Iroquios Confederacy– most powerful NA group, 5 large tribes, control Great Lakes
• Side with English, throws off balance of power
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American Colonists Take Action
• Governor of VA sends young George Washington to Ohio River Valley to tell French to get out, laugh at him
• Washington sent back with a militia- volunteer army, not well trained
• Told to build a fort where 3 river meet, get there but French fort (Ft. Duquesne) already there
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• Wash. throws together small Ft. Necessity nearby and attacks
• Wash. loses, is captured, released, seen as a hero
• Meanwhile colonist unite to defend themselves and get help from Iroquois
• Ben Franklin creates the Albany Plan of Union but it doesn’t pass, colonies won’t give up individual power
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French and Indian War
• English colonists vs. French and Indians
• Early part of war-colonists getting butts kicked
• Britain sends army led by Gen. Edward Braddock to drive French out of Ohio R. V.
• Braddock takes forever (luxury stuff in wagons) and wears red in forest
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• French/Indians attack from behind trees, Braddock and many killed, Washington leads survivors back
• Britain learns of defeat and declares war on France– Seven Years War begins
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• Gen. William Pitt takes over, smart but runs up huge debt fighting the war
• Pitt wants to take over Ohio R. V. and wants to take over Canada
• His Generals are Amherst and Wolfe- they take over Ft. Duquesne, turns into Pittsburg
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Fall of New France• Capital of New France is Quebec• Sat atop cliff overlooking river• Wolfe sends troops up a side path and
assembles them on Plains of Abraham outside of city
• French are defeated in America and peace agreement signed
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Treaty of Paris• France keeps West
Indies but gives up land in N. America (Louisiana area and Canada), England now controls Canada to Florida
• N. America now split between England and Spain
• Spain gives up Florida but gets Louisiana
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Trouble on the Frontier
• More colonists push west into backcountry- pioneers
• Indian Chief Pontiac unites tribes in Great Lakes region to fight settlers
• Pontiac wants NA’s to give up white ways• Pontiac’s Rebellion ends after NA’s take
several forts but make no progress stopping pioneer settlers
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Proclamation of 1763
• King worried about NA attacks on colonists
• Proclamation of 1763 says colonists can’t cross Appalachian Mts, those across have to come back
• Colonists ignore and England can’t enforce