france under louis xiv
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France Under Louis XIV. Dr. Matthew’s World History. Religious Wars. St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre Huguenots slaughtered by Catholics Catherine de Medici’s daughter marring Huguenot prince – Henry of Navarre Most nobles died, Henry survives Henry IV – Had to Rebuild France - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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France Under Louis XIV
Dr. Matthew’s World History
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Religious Wars
• St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre• Huguenots slaughtered by Catholics• Catherine de Medici’s daughter marring
Huguenot prince – Henry of Navarre• Most nobles died, Henry survives
• Henry IV – Had to Rebuild France• Pressured into converting to Catholicism• Tries to help France more• Edict of Nantes
• “Declared Huguenots could live in peace in France”
• Some liked him (peace) some didn’t (religion)• Assassinated – Stabbed in a carriage
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Henry IV
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Louis XIII
• Henry IV’s son – Weak ruler• Appointed Cardinal Richelieu (RISH•uh•loo)
• Real Ruler of France• Took Action vs. Protestants – No Walls• No More Castles for Nobles• Increased Power of Gov’t Agents – Middle
Class• Wanted World Power – Hapsburgs
(Powerful Family)•Gets Involved in the Thirty Years’ War
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Cardinal Richelieu
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French Writers
• Skepticism• “Idea that nothing can be known for certain”
• Michel de Montaigne• Essay
• “Brief written work that expresses a person’s thoughts and opinions.”
• New beliefs replace old ones – Never have absolute knowledge
• René Descartes• “Father of Modern Philosophy” (and Math
too…)• Scientific Method• “I think, therefore, I am”
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Michel de Montaigne
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René Descartes
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Louis XIV’s Reign
• Most Powerful Ruler in French History• 14-years old
• Cardinal Mazarin (Maz•uh•RAN)• Ended the Thirty Years’ War Taxes & Strengthened Cent. Gov’t• Many People Hated Him for This (Nobles)• Attempt a Rebellion, but Fail
• 1 – Distrusted leaders more than Mazarin• 2 – Violent Repression• 3 – Peasants Hated Fighting – Alternative (Rebellion) Was
Worse
• Key to Who Louis is…
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Cardinal Mazarin
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Cardinal Mazarin
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Louis XIV
• Louis = 22 when Mazarin dies• Weakened Noble Power
• Excluded From Councils• Intendants
• “Government Agents/Tax Collectors/Police”
• Economic Growth• Jean Baptiste Colbert (kawl•BEHR)• Minister of Finance• Believed in Mercantilism• Wanted France to be self-sufficient, no imports
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Louis XIV
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Jean Baptiste Colbert
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Colbert
• Tax Breaks and $$ to French Companies• Very High Tariffs• Encouraged French Colonies in Canada
• After Colbert’s Death, Louis Repeals Edict of Nantes• Thousands of Huguenots Flee Country (Skilled
Workers & Businessmen)
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The Sun King
• 8:30 Wake-up Call• 100 Nobles - 4 Help Him Dress• Keeps Nobles at Versailles
• Keeps Power With Intendants• Grand Style – Showed Wealth and Power
• Changes Art• No Longer to Glorify God – Middle Ages• No Longer to Glorify Human Potential –
Renaissance• Glorify King and Absolute Rule
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Palace at Versailles
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War Time
• Louis invades neighbors to the west• Success makes him want to go north• Not as successful, flood countryside• European-wide alliance
• League of Augsburg• Austria, Sweden, and Spain = France
• Poor harvests, war, high taxes
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Succession
• Charles II of Spain – childless• Promise throne to Philip of Anjou
• Louis XIV’s Grandson
• HUGE power• War of the Spanish Succession - 1701
• “War when England, Austria, Dutch Rep., Portugal, German and Italian states try to prevent union of French and Spanish throne.”
• 1714 – Treaty of Utrecht• Philip can keep the throne, but can’t be united• Britain gets Gibraltar – Mediterranean entrance
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Louis’ Death
• Sad years, apologized to people• Cheered his death• Mixed legacy
• Times of great power• Military leader of Europe• Warfare• Versailles – debt• Abuse of power
• His ideas did not die however…• Prussia and Austria on deck…
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This said that all Huguenots could live in peace in France, Louis XIV
later repealed it.
A. Treaty of UtrechtB. Treaty of TordesillasC. Edict of NantesD. Divine Right
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I helped Louis XIII run France and was responsible for getting France involved in the Thirty Years’ War.
A. Jean Baptiste ColbertB. Cardinal RichelieuC. Cardinal MazarinD. René Descartes
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I am a skeptic. I also helped develop the idea of the scientific method.
A. Jean Baptiste ColbertB. Cardinal RichelieuC. Cardinal MazarinD. René Descartes
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I helped Louis XIV run France until he was old enough to do it himself. I pulled France out of the Thirty Years
War.
A. Jean Baptiste ColbertB. Cardinal RichelieuC. Cardinal MazarinD. René Descartes
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I was Louis XIV’s Minister of Finance. I wanted France to be 100% self-
sufficient.
A. Jean Baptiste ColbertB. Cardinal RichelieuC. Cardinal MazarinD. René Descartes
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I became France’s most powerful ruler and called myself “The Sun
King”
A. Louis XIIIB. Louis XIVC. Henry IVD. Henry VIII
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Louis XIV’s magnificent palace was called this
A. El EscorialB. The Sun PalaceC. VersaillesD. Palace of Westphalia
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This war was to prevent the thrones of France and Spain to combine.
A. War of Spanish SuccessionB. Thirty Years’ WarC. Spanish-American WarD. Seven Years’ War