FRANCE UNDER MAXIMILIEN ROBESPIERRE – 1791 TO 17947.3

PETS – MAXIMILIEN ROBESPIERRE, JACQUES DANTON, JACOBINS/GIRONDISTS

more coming tomorrow…

NATIONAL CONVENTION

France declares itself a republic on 9/21/92 Abolishes monarchy Goals?

L.A. renamed National Convention

Jacobin factions The Mountain

Danton and Robespierre The Girondists

SANS-CULOTTES

Well-off urban workers who were extremely radical

Fear National Convention is not radical enough in furthering goals of Revolution Work with The Mountain Favored direct

democracy

France defeats Prussia and Austria in major battles in late 1792

Significance? Declare war on most major powers in

Europe – the First Coalition Threat of war to restore monarchy

always there unless…

WAR VICTORIES WITH MEANING

DEATH OF THE KING

To solidify position as the French republic, the National Convention executed the King in January 1793

Convicted and executed as a traitor to the Republic

THIS IS THE DAY CALLED THURSDAY.

Some More 7.3 Notes Maybe Some Video

Clips Review Game QUIZ TOMORROW

7.1 TO 7.3

Random Fact of the Day Little children who

change their teachers’ random facts of the day often receive coal in their stockings at Christmas.

NATIONAL CONVENTION GOES RADICAL

May 1793 – Mountain + sans-culottes oust moderate Girondists from Convention Robespierre has 31

Girondists leaders arrested

Many Girondists now will work against the Revolution

Charlotte CordetVs.

Jean-Paul Marat

COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY

Established as emergency gov’t in summer of 1793 to deal with internal + external challenges to Revolution Constitution suspended Led by Robespierre and Louis

Saint-Just Rousseau’s “general will”

Established Law of Maximum to direct economy in wartime Contradiction to Enlightenment

ideas on free market Early version of socialism Set price controls, nationalized

workshops, and established rationing

SUCKING AT

MILITARY VICTORY (EXTERNAL ENEMIES)

France’s military grew to 1 million men strong Levee en masse –

national conscription Austrian Netherlands

and Rhineland controlled by France by 1794

France’s government’s legitimacy increases Must work to secure its

place, eliminate enemies

REIGN OF TERROR (INTERNAL ENEMIES)

Summer 1793-Summer 1794 40,000 people throughout France were

killed…seen as threats to Robespierre’s power Former allies of Robespierre also sent to death

WELL WHAT DO YOU KNOW TODAY IS FRIDAY.

Finish 7.3 Notes A Video Review Quiz Homework This Weekend

Random Fact of the Day Santa Claus is based on a real

person, St. Nikolas of Myra, who lived during the fourth century. He is the patron saint of banking, pawnbroking, pirating, butchery, sailing, thievery, orphans, royalty, and New York City.

REPUBLIC OF VIRTUE Robespierre sought to

create a deist France and eliminate all traces of Old Regime

Cultural Changes Changed the calendar No Sundays Closed all churches in Paris

Cult of the Supreme Being Deistic national religion

founded by Robespierre Notre Dame Cathedral

converted to Temple of Reason

Triggered widespread opposition to Robespierre

THERMADORIAN REACTION

7/27/94 – Robespierre denounced in the Convention and arrested Executed the next day

on the guillotine Reign of Terror ended Respectable 3rd Estate

bourgeoisie reassert their authority in the new government called The Directory