frank leone felipe morera austin pezoldt. adaptive strategy definition: the unique way each culture...
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Frank LeoneFelipe MoreraAustin Pezoldt
Adaptive StrategyDefinition: The unique way each culture uses
its particular environment; those aspects of culture that serve to provide the necessities of life – food, clothing, shelter, & defense.
Example: Fishing in Iceland
Built EnvironmentDefinition: The part of physical landscape
that represents material culture; the buildings, roads, bridges, and similar structures large and small, of the cultural landscape.New York City
Folk CultureDefinition: The body of instruction, customs,
dress, artifacts, collective wisdoms, and traditions of a homogeneous, isolated, largely self sufficient, and relatively static social group.
Folk FoodDefinition: The retention in a new
environment of the food preferences and recipes that had their origin in a different homeland. Hunting and gathering, cultivating
food, and domesticating animalssuited to the environment.
Folk HousingBuildings are limited in their materials by the
recourses available in the environment. This means that if trees are available, then the houses will probably be made of wood. If wood is not available then the houses would be made of something else.New England style houses
Folk SongsExample: North American folk music began as
immigrants brought their songs to the new world and began to Americanize them.
Definition: A song that normally is passed from mouth to mouth through generations, as tradition.
FolkloreDefinition: Legends, oral history, proverbs,
and popular beliefs that are the traditions of the culture.Example: Fairy tales
Material CultureThe relationship between artifacts and social
relationsA cellphone
Nonmaterial CultureThe nonphysical ideas that people have about
their culture Beliefs, values, rules, norms, morals,
language, organizations, and institutions
(Abraham)
Popular CultureFound in large heterogeneous societies, that
share certain habits despite differences in other characteristics.Wearing jeans
CreoleA pidgin language that requires fuller
vocabularies and becomes native languages.Haitian Creole
DialectA variant form of a language were mutual
comprehension is possible.The American vs British version of English
Indo-european languagesThe largest and most wide spread language
family spoken on all continents.Germanic,Romance,balto slavic, and indo
iranian.
IsoglossIndicate the border of individual words and
pronunciationThe southern dialect vs Midland dialect border.
LanguageA mutual agreed system of symbolic
communication.English
Language familyTongues that are related and share a
common ancestor.The afro-asiatic
Language subfamilyA sub division of a language family
French, Spanish, and Italian are inside the romance family.
Lingua francaA language of communication and commerce.
English
Linguistic diversityThe degree variability of language within a
given area.African tribal languages.
MonolingualSomeone who speaks only one language.
Multilingual
Someone who can speak more then two languages.
Official language
The required language of instruction in education, the government, and activities.French, in Chad
PidginA amalgamation of languages usually a
simpler form of one, that borrows from another.Congolese + French
ToponymyPlace name that can reflect a variety of
things.United Kingdom(UK)
Trade languageA language, used by speakers of different
native languages for communication in commercial trade.English
AcculturationThe adoption by an ethnic group of enough of
the ways of the host society to be able to function economically and socially.The loss of native American societies.
AssimilationThe complete blending of an ethnic group
into the host society, reading in the loss of all distinctive ethnic traits.Immigrants coming to the united states.
Cultural adaptationThe complex strategies human groups
employ to live successfully as part of a natural system.Immigrants learning the official language while
in the country.
Cultural ecologyStudy of the relationship between cultural
group and its natural enviroment.Japanese killing whales
Cultural idenityThe way one is influenced by belonging to a
group or culture.
Cultural landscapeThe artificial landscape
The visible human imprints on the land
Cultural realmsAn culture that has cultural distinction that
differentiate from other cultures. Middle east
CultureA total way of life held in common by a group
of people.Speech,ideology,behaviors,living hood,
technology, and government.
Culture regionAn area occupied by people who have
something formalFormal: An area inhabited by people who
have one or more cultural traits in commonLanguage, religon.
Functional regionA area organized by a node or focal point.
Television stations in Iowa.
Vernacular regionOne that is perceived to exist by its
inhabitants.
Diffusion typesExpansion diffusion: An innovation or idea
develops in a hearth and remains strong there while also spreading outward.Hierarchical expansion: A pattern in which
the main channel of diffusion is some segement of those who are susceptible to what is being diffused
Contagious diffusion:A form of expansion in which nearly all adjacent individuals and places are affected.
Relocation diffusionThe actual movement of individuals who have
already adopted the idea or innovation, and who carry it to a new distant locale where they proceed to disseminate.The distribution of AIDS in the united states.
Innovation adoptionChange to a culture that result from ideas
created within the socials group itself and adopted by the culture.
Maladaptive diffusionDiffusion in which image comes before
practicalityRanch style house
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