freedom for the thought that we hate

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Freedom for the Thought That We Hate

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Freedom for the Thought That We Hate

Cover art of the original publication

Author(s) Anthony Lewis

Cover artist

Designed by Brent Wilcox

Jacket design by Anita Van De Ven

Jacket photograph by Ken Cedeno

Country United States

Language English

Series Basic Ideas

Subject(s) Freedom of speech

Genre(s) Law
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Publisher Basic Books

Published in

English

2007

Media type Hardcover

Pages 240

ISBN 9780465039173

OCLCNumber 494134545

Preceded byMake No Law: The Sullivan Case and

the First Amendment(1991)

Freedom for the Thought That We Hate: A Biography of the Fi rst Amendmentis a 2007

non-fiction book byAnthony Lewisaboutfreedom of speech,freedom of the press,freedom

of thought, and theFirst Amendment to the United States Constitution. The book starts by

quoting the First Amendment, which prohibits the U.S. Congress from creating legislation

which limits free speech or freedom of the press. Lewis traces the evolution of civil libertiesin the U.S. through key historical events. He provides an overview of important free speech

case law, includingU.S. Supreme Courtopinions inSchenck v. United States(1919),Whitney

v. California(1927),United States v. Schwimmer(1929),New York Times Co. v. Sullivan

(1964), andNew York Times Co. v. United States(1971).

The title of the book is drawn from the dissenting opinion byAssociate Justice of the

Supreme Court of the United StatesOliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.in United States v.

Schwimmer. Holmes wrote that "if there is any principle of the Constitution that more

imperatively calls for attachment than any other, it is the principle of free thoughtnot free

thought for those who agree with us but freedom for the thought that we hate."[1]Lewis warns

the reader against the potential for government to take advantage of periods of fear andupheaval in apost-9/11 societyto suppress freedom of speech and criticism by citizens.

The book was positively received by reviewers, includingJeffrey RoseninThe New York

Times, Richard H. Fallon inHarvard Magazine,Nat Hentoff, twoNational Book Critics

Circlemembers, andKirkus Reviews.Jeremy Waldroncommented on the work forThe New

York Review of Booksand criticized Lewis' stance towards freedom of speech with respect to

hate speech. Waldron elaborated on this criticism in his bookThe Harm in Hate Speech

(2012), in which he devoted a chapter to Lewis' book. This prompted a critical analysis of

both works in The New York Review of Books by former Supreme Court JusticeJohn Paul

Stevens.
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Contents

[hide]

1 Contents

2 Themes 3 Release and reception 4 See also 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External links

Contents [edit]

TheFirst Amendment to the United States Constitutionas part of the Bill of Rights in the

National Archives.

Freedom for the Thought That We Hate analyzes the value of freedom of speech and presents

an overview of the historical development of rights afforded to U.S. citizens by theFirst

Amendment to the United States Constitution.[2]The title of the book derives from an

admonition by Justice Holmes in his dissenting opinion in the 1929 case ofUnited States v.

Schwimmer.[1][3][4]

In this opinion, he asserted that the First Amendment is particularlynecessary during eras in U.S. history in which there is a risk of suppression of speech and

dissent due to increased fear and upheaval.[1][3][4]Holmes wrote that "if there is any principle

of the Constitution that more imperatively calls for attachment than any other, it is the

principle of free thoughtnot free thought for those who agree with us but freedom for the

thought that we hate."[1][3][4]

The book starts by quoting the First Amendment, which prohibits the U.S. Congress from

creating legislation that limits free speech or freedom of the press.[3][5]The author analyzes

the impact of this clause and refers to the writer of theUnited States Constitution,James

Madison, who believed that freedom of the press would serve as a form of separation of

powers to the government.[5]Lewis writes that an expansive respect for freedom of speechinforms the reader as to why citizens should object to governmental attempts to block the
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/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-hentoff-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-holmes-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-holmes-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-hentoff-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-holmes-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-holmes-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-hentoff-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-holmes-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-holmes-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Schwimmerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Schwimmerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administrationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate&action=edit&section=1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#External_linkshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#Further_readinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#Referenceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#See_alsohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#Release_and_receptionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#Themeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#Contentshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate


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media from reporting about the causes of a controversial war.[5]Lewis warns that, in a state in

which controversial views are not allowed to be spoken, citizens and reporters merely serve

as advocates for the state itself.[5]He recounts key historic events in which fear led to

overreaching acts by the government, particularly from theexecutive branch.[5]The author

gives background on the century-long process by which the U.S. judicial system began

defending publishers and writers from attempts at suppression of speech by thegovernment.[4]

The titleFreedom for the Thought That We Hate is derived from a quotation byOliverWendell Holmes, Jr.in his dissenting opinion in the 1929 caseUnited States v.

Schwimmer.[1][3][4]

In 1798 the federal government under PresidentJohn Adams, passed theAlien and Sedition

Acts, which deemed "any false, scandalous and malicious writing or writings against the

government of the United States" a criminal act.[3][6]The Alien and Sedition Acts were used

for political impact against members of theRepublican Partyin order to punish them for

criticizing the government.[5]Thomas Jeffersonwas elected the next president in 1800; Lewis

cites this as an example of the American public's dissatisfaction with Adams' actions against

freedom of speech.[5][7]After taking office in 1801, Jefferson issued pardons to those

convicted under the Alien and Sedition Acts.[3][7]Lewis interprets later historical events asaffronts to freedom of speech, including theSedition Act of 1918which effectively outlawed

criticism of the government's conduct of WW I; and theMcCarran Internal Security Actand

Smith Act, which were used to imprison US communists who where critical of the

government during theMcCarthyismera.[5]

During this period, with increased fear among the American public due to World War I and

attempts at suppression of criticism by the government, the First Amendment was given

wider examination in the U.S. Supreme Court.[5]Lewis writes thatAssociate JusticesLouis

BrandeisandOliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.began to interpret broader support for freedom of

speech imparted by the First Amendment.[5]Holmes wrote in the case ofSchenck v. United

Statesthat freedom of speech must be defended except for situations in which "substantive

evils" are caused through a "clear and present danger" due to such speech.[5][8]The author
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://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes,_Jr.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes,_Jr.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schenck_v._United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schenck_v._United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schenck_v._United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schenck_v._United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clear_and_present_dangerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clear_and_present_dangerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Jr_circa_1930-edit.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Jr_circa_1930-edit.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Jr_circa_1930-edit.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Jr_circa_1930-edit.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clear_and_present_dangerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schenck_v._United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schenck_v._United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes,_Jr.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Brandeishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Brandeishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McCarthyismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith_Acthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McCarran_Internal_Security_Acthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedition_Act_of_1918https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-williams-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-williams-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jeffersonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-williams-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-williams-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_and_Sedition_Actshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_and_Sedition_Actshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adamshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-hentoff-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-holmes-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-holmes-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Schwimmerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Schwimmerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes,_Jr.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes,_Jr.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-hentoff-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_(government)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5


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reflects on his view of speech in the face of imminent danger in an age of terrorism.[6]He

writes that the U.S. Constitution permits suppression of speech in situations of impending

violence, and cautions use of the law to suppress expressive acts including burning a flag or

using offensive slang terms.[6]Lewis asserts that punitive measures can be taken against

speech which incites terrorism to a group of people willing to commit such acts.[6]

The book recounts an opinion written by Brandeis and joined by Holmes in the 1927 case of

Whitney v. Californiawhich further developed the notion of the power of the people to speak

out.[4]Brandeis and Holmes emphasized the value of liberty, and identified the most

dangerous factor to freedom as an apathetic society averse to voicing their opinions in

public.[4][9]

"There will always be authorities who try to make their own lives more comfortable by suppressing criticalcomment."

Anthony Lewis[3]

In the 1964 Supreme Court case ofNew York Times Co. v. Sullivan, the court ruled thatspeech about issues of public impact should be unrestricted, vigorous and public, even if such

discussion communicates extreme negative criticism of public servants and members of

government.[3][10]Lewis praises this decision, and writes that it laid the groundwork for a

press more able to perform investigative journalism concerning controversies, including the

Watergate scandaland theVietnam War.[3]He cites theNew York Times Co. v. Sullivan

decision as an example of "Madisonian" philosophy towards freedom of speech espoused by

James Madison.[7]The author examines the 1971 U.S. Supreme Court case ofNew York

Times Co. v. United States, and endorses the court's decision, which allowed the press to

publish classified material relating to the Vietnam War.[5][11]

The author questions the actions of the media with respect to privacy. He observes that public

expectations regardingmoralityand what constitutes an impermissible violation of the right

to privacy has changed over time.[5]Lewis cites the dissenting opinion by Brandeis in

Olmstead v. United States, which supported a right to privacy.[5][12]

Lewis warns that, during periods of heightened anxiety, the free speech rights of Americans

are at greater risk: "there will always be authorities who try to make their own lives more

comfortable by suppressing critical comment."[3]He concludes that the evolution of

interpretation of the rights afforded by the First Amendment has created stronger support for

freedom of speech.[3]

Themes [edit]

The book's central theme is a warning that, in times of strife and increased fear, there is a

danger of repression and suppression of dissent by those in government who seek to limit

freedom of speech.[13]In an interview with the author, Deborah Solomon ofThe New York

Times Magazinewrote that American politics has frequently used fear to justify

repression.[13]Lewis pointed out to Solomon that, under theEspionage Act of 1917and the

Sedition Act of 1918, individuals who protested against President Woodrow Wilson's sending

of soldiers to Russia were tried and given a twenty-year jail sentence.[13]The author

explained that his motivation for writing the book was to recognize the unparalleled civilliberties in the U.S., including freedom of speech and freedom of the press.[13]He identified
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mes_Magazinehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Magazinehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-solomon-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-solomon-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-solomon-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espionage_Act_of_1917https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espionage_Act_of_1917https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espionage_Act_of_1917https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedition_Act_of_1918https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedition_Act_of_1918https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-solomon-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-solomon-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-solomon-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-solomon-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-solomon-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-solomon-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-solomon-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-solomon-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedition_Act_of_1918https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espionage_Act_of_1917https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-solomon-13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Magazinehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Magazinehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-solomon-13https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate&action=edit&section=2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-williams-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-williams-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olmstead_v._United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moralityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Times_Co._v._United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Times_Co._v._United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-barcousky-7https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-williams-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_Warhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watergate_scandalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-williams-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-williams-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Times_Co._v._Sullivanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Lewishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Lewishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-hentoff-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-hentoff-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-hentoff-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitney_v._Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-mitchell-6https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-mitchell-6https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-mitchell-6


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reductions in freedoms of citizens as a result of governmental action taken after the

September 11 attacks.[14]

Freedom for the Thought That We Hate discusses the capability and liberty of citizens to

criticize their government.[15]Lewis asserts that the U.S. has the most unreserved speech of

any nation.[15][16]

Law professorJeremy Waldrongave the example of his ability to criticizethe president or call the vice president andSecretary of Defensewar criminals, without fear

of retribution from law enforcement for such statements.[15]The book contrasts present-day

free speech liberties afforded to Americans and those possessed by citizens in earlier

centuries.[15]The author argues that the scope of civil liberties in the U.S. has increased over

time owing to a desire for freedom among its people being held as an integral value.[16]Lewis

observes in contemporary application of the law, presidents are the subject of satire and

denunciation.[15]He notes that it is unlikely a vociferous critic would face a jail sentence

simply for voicing such criticism.[15]

Release and reception [edit]

FormerU.S. Supreme Court JusticeJohn Paul StevensdiscussedFreedom for the Thought

That We Hate, in a review forThe New York Review of Books.[17]

Freedom for the Thought That We Hate was first published byBasic Booksin New York in2007,[18][19][20]with a second edition in 2008 in New York and London.[21][22]Perseus Books

Group released ane-bookversion of the work in 2010.[23][24]

The book was positively received by critics.Jeffrey Rosen, who reviewed the book forThe

New York Times, was surprised by the author's departure from traditional civil libertarian

views.[25]Rosen pointed out that Lewis did not support absolute protection for journalists

from breaking confidentiality with theiranonymous sources, even in situations involving

criminal acts.[25]Nat Hentoffcalled the book an engrossing and accessible survey of the First

Amendment.[4]Kirkus Reviewsconsidered the book an excellent chronological account of the

First Amendment, subsequent legislation, andcase law.[26]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11_attackshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-14https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-14https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-14https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Waldronhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Waldronhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Waldronhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defensehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defensehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defensehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-juan-16https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-juan-16https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-juan-16https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-menace-15https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate&action=edit&section=3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Paul_Stevenshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Paul_Stevenshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Paul_Stevenshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Bookshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Bookshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_Bookshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_Bookshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_Bookshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-18https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-18https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-20https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-20https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-21https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-21https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-21https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-bookhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-bookhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-bookhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-23https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-23https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-23https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Rosenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Rosenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Rosenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-rosen-25https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-rosen-25https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-rosen-25https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_(journalism)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_(journalism)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_(journalism)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-rosen-25https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-rosen-25https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nat_Hentoffhttps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7/10

Richard H. Fallon reviewed the book forHarvard Magazine, and characterizedFreedom for

the Thought That We Hate as a clear and captivating background education to U.S. freedom

of speech legislation.[27]Fallon praised the author's ability to weave descriptions of historical

events into an entertaining account.[27]Robyn Blumner of theSt. Petersburg Timeswrote that

Lewis aptly summarized the development of the U.S. Constitution's protections of freedom of

speech and of the press.[28]

She observed that the book forcefully presented the author'sadmiration of brave judges who had helped to develop interpretation of the U.S.

Constitution's protections of the rights of freedom of expression as a defense against

censorship.[28]

Writing for theHartford Courant, Bill Williams observed that the author described several

important Supreme Court cases and explained the need for the First Amendment.[3]Williams

stated that the book should be mandatory reading for high school and college students.[3]

Anne Phillips wrote in her review forThe News-Gazettethat the book is a concise and well-

written description of the conflicts the country faces when grappling with the notions of

freedom of expression, free speech, and freedom of the press.[29]Writing forThe Christian

Science Monitor, Chuck Leddy noted that the author helps readers understand the importanceof freedom of speech in a democracy, especially during a period of military conflict when

there is increased controversy over the appropriateness of dissent and open dialogue.[5]

Jeremy Waldron reviewed the book forThe New York Review of Books, and was critical of

Lewis' broad stance towards freedom of speech with respect tohate speech.[30]Waldron later

elaborated this position in his 2012 bookThe Harm in Hate Speech, in which he devoted an

entire chapter to Lewis' book.[31]Waldron emphasized that the problem with a expansive

view of free speech is not the harm of hateful thoughts, but rather the negative impact

resulting from widespread publication of the thoughts.[31]He questioned whether children of

racial groups criticized by widely published hate speech would be able to succeed in such an

environment.[31]Former U.S. Supreme Court JusticeJohn Paul Stevensanalyzed The Harm

in Hate Speech and discussedFreedom for the Thought That We Hate, in a review forThe

New York Review of Books.[17]Justice Stevens recounted Lewis' argument that an acceptance

of hate speech is necessary, because attempts to regulate it would cause encroachment upon

expression of controversial viewpoints.[17]He pointed out that Lewis and Waldron agreed that

Americans have more freedom of speech than citizens of any other country.[17]In his review,

Stevens cited the 2011 decision inSnyder v. Phelpsas evidence that the majority of the U.S.

Supreme Court supported the right of the people to express hateful views on matters of public

importance.[17]Stevens concluded that, although Waldron was unsuccessful in convincing

him that legislators should ban all hate speech, The Harm in Hate Speech did persuade him

that government leaders should refrain from using such language themselves.

[17]

See also [edit]

Censorship in the United States Civil liberties in the United States Freedom of the press in the United States Freedom of speech in the United States Free speech fights

References [edit]
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npaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snyder_v._Phelpshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snyder_v._Phelpshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snyder_v._Phelpshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate&action=edit&section=4https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate&action=edit&section=4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censorship_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censorship_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_liberties_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_liberties_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_speech_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_speech_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_speech_fightshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_speech_fightshttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate&action=edit&section=5https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate&action=edit&section=5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_speech_fightshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_speech_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_liberties_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censorship_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate&action=edit&section=4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snyder_v._Phelpshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-johnpaulstevens-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Paul_Stevenshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-waldron-31https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-waldron-31https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-waldron-31https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-30https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hate_speechhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Bookshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-chuckleddy-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Christian_Science_Monitorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Christian_Science_Monitorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-phillips-29https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_News-Gazette_(Champaign-Urbana)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-williams-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-williams-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartford_Couranthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-blumner-28https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-blumner-28https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Timeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-fallon-27https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_for_the_Thought_That_We_Hate#cite_note-fallon-27https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Magazine


8/10

1. âbcdeHolmes, Jr., Oliver Wendell(May 27, 1929). "Dissenting opinion".United States v.Schwimmer.Supreme Court of the United States. p.279 U.S. 644.

2. Êsposito, Martha (January 13, 2008). "Book Beat: New books for the new year include countynative's nonfiction".Burlington County Times(Willingboro, New Jersey). p. 3; Section: Outlook.

3. âbcdefghijklmnWilliams, Bill (February 10, 2008). "The majesty of the First Amendment".Hartford Courant. p. G4; Section: Arts.

4. âbcdefghHentoff, Nat(January 30, 2008). "The right from which others flow".Tulsa World(Tulsa,Oklahoma). p. A13.5. âbcdefghijklmnoLeddy, Chuck (January 8, 2008). "A balance between free speech and fear".The

Christian Science Monitor. p. 16; Section: Features, Books.

6. âbcdMitchell, Thomas (February 10, 2008). "Freedom forspeech we hate".Las Vegas Review-Journal(Las Vegas, Nevada). p. 2D.

7. âbcBarcousky, Len (May 18, 2008)."'Freedom For the Thought That We Hate' by Anthony LewisHow First Amendment survives".Pittsburgh Post-Gazette(Pennsylvania). p. E-4. Retrieved November

6, 2012.8. ^Holmes, Jr., Oliver Wendell(March 3, 1919). "Majority opinion".Schenck v. United States.Supreme

Court of the United States. p.249 U.S. 47.

9. ^Brandeis, Louis;Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.(May 16, 1927). "Concurring opinion".Whitney v.California.Supreme Court of the United States. p.274 U.S. 357.

10. ^Brennan, Jr., William J.(March 9, 1964). "Majority opinion".New York Times Co. v. Sullivan.Supreme Court of the United States. p.376 U.S. 254.11. ^Per curiam(June 30, 1971). "Majority opinion".New York Times Co. v. United States.Supreme

Court of the United States. p.403 U.S. 713.

12. ^Brandeis, Louis(June 4, 1928). "Dissenting opinion".Olmstead v. United States.Supreme Court ofthe United States. p.277 U.S. 438.

13. âbcdSolomon, Deborah (December 23, 2007)."Questions for Anthony LewisSpeech Rules".TheNew York Times Magazine. Retrieved November 6, 2012.

14. ^Neier, Aryeh (January 2008)."ReviewMay I Speak Freely?Anthony Lewis on the FirstAmendments march to victory".Columbia Journalism Review. Retrieved May 2, 2013.

15. âbcdefWaldron, Jeremy(May 29, 2008)."Free Speech & the Menace of Hysteria".The New YorkReview of Books55 (9). Retrieved May 2, 2013.(subscription required)

16. âbWilliams, Juan(2011).Muzzled: The Assault on Honest Debate. New York: Crown. pp. 244245,248250.ISBN0307952010.

17. âbcdefStevens, John Paul(June 7, 2012)."Should Hate Speech Be Outlawed?".The New YorkReview of Books59 (10). Retrieved November 6, 2012.(subscription required)

18. ÔCLC(2012)."Freedom for the Thought That We Hate".WorldCat.OCLC173659591. RetrievedNovember 5, 2012.

19. ^Lewis, Anthony(2007).Freedom for the Thought That We Hate. New York: Basic Books.ISBN9780465039173.



22. ^Lewis, Anthony(2008).Freedom for the Thought That We Hate. London: Perseus Running.ISBN0465039170.


24. ^Lewis, Anthony(2010).Freedom for the Thought That We Hate. New York: Perseus Books Group.ISBN9780465012930.

25. âbRosen, Jeffrey(January 13, 2008)."Say What You WillFreedom for the Thought That We HateAnthony LewisBook review".The New York Times. Retrieved November 6, 2012.

26. ^"Freedom for the Thought That We Hate".Kirkus Reviews. October 15, 2007. Retrieved November6, 2012.

27. âbFallon, Richard H. (MayJune 2008)."Book ReviewFreeing SpeechHow judge-made lawgave meaning to the First Amendment".Harvard Magazine. pp. 2730. Retrieved November 6, 2012.

28. âbBlumner, Robyn (March 2, 2008). "Freedom Comes First".St. Petersburg Times(Florida). p. 10L;Section: Latitudes.

29. ^Phillips, Anne (September 20, 2009). "Manners and freedom taken for granted".The News-Gazette(Champaign-Urbana, Illinois). p. F3.
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