freight transportation and logistics. research activities...

Freight Transportation and Logistics.Research activities of the

EURO Working Group on Transportation

Riccardo Rossi, University of Padova

City Logistics in Japan and ItalyScientific Seminar

Recent trends and challenges in city logistics researchOctober, 10th 2017

Freight Transportation and Logistics. Research activities of the EWGTRiccardo Rossi, University of Padova

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Presentation outline

1. Euro Working Group on Transportation activities• History• Aims• Meetings• Publications

1. Members activities on freight transportation and logistics• Focus on city logistics

1. Future activities


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EURO Working Group on Transportation - History

• The Group was founded in July 1991 in Cetraro (Italy) during the 7th Euro Summer Institute on “Urban Traffic Management”.

• The 1st Meeting of the group, named at that time “EURO Working Group on Urban Traffic Management” was held in Landshut, Germany, in October 1992. The name was then changed to “Euro Working Group on Transportation” during the EURO Conference in Glasgow in July 1994, in order to extend the topics addressed and to involve more people in participation.

• Meetings were held in different European cities: Paris, Barcelona, Newcastle upon Tyne, Goteborg, Helsinki, Budva, Rome, Bari, Poznan, Ischia, Padova, Poznan, Paris, Porto, Sevilla, Delft, Istanbul and Budapest last September.


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EURO Working Group on Transportation – Aims and areas of intrest

• EWGT targets concern providing a forum to share research information and experience, encouraging joint research and the development of both theoretical methods and applications, promoting cooperation among the many institutions and organisations which are leaders at national level in the field of traffic, transportation and logistic systems.

• The primary field of interest concerns OR methods, mathematical models and computation algorithms, to solve and sustain solutions to the problems faced by public administrations, city authorities, public transport companies, service providers, logistic operators, etc..


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EURO Working Group on Transportation – Aims and areas of intrest

Related areas of interest are: land-use and transportation planning, traffic control and simulation models, traffic network equilibrium models, public transport planning and management, applications of combinatorial optimization, vehicle routing and scheduling, intelligent transportation systems, logistics and freight transportation, city logistics, environment problems, transportation safety, and impact evaluation methods.


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Past EWGT Publications

1. Advanced Concepts, Methodologies and Technologies for Transportation and Logistics. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Edited by Jacek Zak, Yuval Hadas and Riccardo Rossi, Springer (2017).

2. Transportation Research Procedia. Volume 22, Pages 1-694 (2017) . 19th EURO Working Group on Transportation Meeting, EWGT2016, 5-7 September 2016, Istanbul, Turkey.

3. Transportation Research Procedia. Volume 10, Pages 1-960 (2015) . 18th Euro Working Group on Transportation, EWGT 2015, 14-16 July 2015, Delft, The Netherlands.

4. Transportation Research Procedia. Volume 3, Pages 1-1058 (2014) . 17th Meeting of the EURO Working Group on Transportation, EWGT2014, 2-4 July 2014, Sevilla, Spain

5. Computer-based Modelling and Optimization in Transportation. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Edited by Jorge Freire de Sousa and Riccardo Rossi, Springer. Volume 262 (2014).

6. European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research. Edited by V. Aguiléra and R. Seidowsky. Volume 14(3). Pages 197-310 (September 2014).

7. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. Edited by Neila Bohuri and Nadir Farhi. Volume 47, Part 1, Pages 1-112 (October 2014)

8. European Transport , vol. 53, 2013. Papers from the 14th Meeting of the EURO Working Group on Transportation (EWGT) held in Poznan, Poland, on September 6 - 9, 2011 on “Traffic management and trafficbehavior: a European perspective”.

9. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. Volume 28, Pages 1-180 (March 2013). Euro Transportation: selected paper from the EWGT Meeting, Padova.

10. European Transport, 51, 2012. Special issue: Operational research issues in transport analysis. 11. Journal of Advanced Transportation. Volume 46, Issue 4, Pages 303-393, October 2012. Special Issue:

Advances in Transportation Analysis.


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Computer-based Modelling and Optimization in Transportation. Advances in IntelligentSystems and Computing. Edited by Jorge Freire de Sousa and Riccardo Rossi, Springer. Volume 262 (2014).

Year Chapterdownloads

2014 37.309


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Computer-based Modelling and Optimization in Transportation. Advances in IntelligentSystems and Computing. Edited by Jacek Zak, Yuval Hadas and Riccardo Rossi, Springer (2017).

Year Chapterdownloads

2017 about 300


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Transportation Research Procedia. Volume 3, Pages 1-1058 (2014) . 17th Meeting of the EURO Working Group on Transportation, EWGT2014, 2-4 July 2014, Sevilla, Spain

Year Paperdownloads

2014 about 30.000


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Transportation Research Procedia. Volume 10, Pages 1-960 (2015) . 18th Euro Working Group on Transportation, EWGT 2015, 14-16 July 2015, Delft, The Netherlands.

Year Paperdownloads

2015 about 15.000


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Transportation Research Procedia. Volume 22, Pages 1-694 (2017) . 19th EURO Working Group on Transportation Meeting, EWGT2016, 5-7 September 2016, Istanbul, Turkey.

Year Paperdownloads

2017 n.a.


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2014-2018 Freight Transportation and Logistics Papers

Topic Papers [#]Vehicle Routing 6City Logistics 12Container Terminals 7Maritime Transport 2Intermodal Transport 4Freight Rail Transport 4

Total: 35 papers


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Vehicle routing - new modelling approaches

• A hybrid algorithm to solve the General Vehicle Routing Problem (GVRP) in the case of the urban freight distribution (Sicilia et al., 2014);

• The problem of distribution of fuel oils modelled as a generalization of the Multi-Depot Periodic Vehicle Routing Problem (MDPVRP), solved with a hybrid genetic algorithm designed for the specific fuel oil distribution problem (Carotenuto et al., 2014; Carotenuto et al., 2017);

• Electric vehicle routing problem (EVRP): review, a proposed mathematical model inspired to the VRPTW, identification of promising directions for future research (Afroditi et al., 2014);

• A framework based on traditional and evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithms, to solve real-time multi-objective VRP (Nahum & Hadas, 2017);

• Green VRP: some mixed integer programming formulations of multi-criteria vehicle routing problems have been considered (Sawik et al., 2017). Optimality criteria were environmental costs: minimization of amount of money paid as externality cost for noise, pollution and costs of fuel versus minimization of noise, pollution and fuel consumption themselves.


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Container terminals - operations

• STACKING STRATEGIES: dynamic strategies (Güven & Eliiyi, 2014) and a reward-based algorithm (Ozcan & Eliiyi, 2017) to minimize container storage and retrieval times through avoidance of reshuffles. Models input includes real-time data;

• TRAIN LOADING: unproductive operations (reshuffles and non-sequential loading) must be minimized. A general formulation is provided by Ambrosino & Siri (2014), as well as other two formulations in which only one of these two unproductive operations is not allowed;

• STOWAGE PLAN: the objective function minimizes the berthing time of the ship; Ambrosino et al. (2015; 2017) proposed a new Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MIP) formulation, and a MIP heuristics to find stowage plans for containerships up to 18,000 TEUs.


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Maritime transport

• SHIP TRAFFIC effect on inventory levels variance: a statistical analysis of ships processes, simulation, and “what if” analysis (Carotenuto et al., 2014);

• COMBINING MULTIPLE TRIPS in port environment: a mathematical approach, in order to significantly reduce the number of total empty movements, therefore minimizing the total transport cost and maximizing truck utilisation (Caballini et al., 2015).


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Intermodal transport

• TIMELINE on the evolution of the academic literature on intermodal freight transport (Mathisen & Hansen, 2014);

• CLASSIFICATION AND ANALYSIS of performance indicators generally used to evaluate tactical planning solutions in intermodal freight transportation (Wang et al., 2014);

• an IT-BASED INSTRUMENT to evaluate and promote intermodal transport procedures in the corridor of Central and Southeast Europe (Haider et al., 2014);

• a NEW MARKET PLACE CONCEPT called AFEX (Agent-based Freight Exchanges), where contractually binding auctions of multimodal freight transport services are performed, using a double-sided combinatorial auction model (Föhring & Zelewski, 2015).


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Freight rail transport

• NETWORK OPTIMIZATION model, designed for freight traffic, based on a local search heuristic, with the objective of reducing generalized cost and CO2emissions (Maia & Do Couto, 2014);

• SCHEDULING model which considers train length and energy efficiency to minimize delays and energy consumption (Toletti et al., 2015);

• EMPTY WAGON FLOW planning to increase the utilization and availability of wagons, using a planning procedure with rolling horizon (Hanczar & Peternek, 2015);

• SINGLE WAGONLOAD network planning and management, with a new agent-based tool called GüterSim, able to improve train routing and schedules, assess feasibility of network improvements and generate automatic timetables (Mancera et al., 2015).


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City logistics – main issues addressed

ROUTING. A standard methodology to build realistic instances with time-dependent travel times starting from a network of speed sensors was proposed (Maggioni et al., 2014). Test: multi path Traveling Salesman Problem with stochastic travel costs (mpTSPs),

Advantages:• The methodology is easy to replicate, not requiring a deep statistical analysis

on the historical data, and can be adapted to other cases where only a partial information about the road network is available.

• The results obtained by combining the academic instances with real data on the traffic flows taken from the city of Turin in Italy, showing the benefits and the limits of the methods till now available in the literature to solve the mpTSP.


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INTERVAL TRAVEL TIME to obtain reliable and cost-effective routing (Groß et al., 2015).

The City logistics service providers (CLSP) main objective is to minimize the transportation cost. So, carriers have to perform cost-efficient as well as reliable delivery tours while facing two major challenges: • an increasing demand and rising customer expectations for city logistics

services, as well as, • the uncertainty of travel times within the urban traffic system, especially

with regard to arterial connections.

City logistics concepts respond to these challenges by integrating different levels of travel time information into suitable optimization approaches.

The use of interval travel times (ITT) is proposed to enable cost-efficient and reliable routing in urban areas. ITT can be interpreted as a best-case and a worst-case travel time. ITT can be derived with relatively low effort by CLSP.


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COOPERATION between service providers and traffic management, to combine traffic control (Köster et al., 2015) and emission control (Köster et al., 2017) with urban delivery operations.

The first research looks into the possibility of improving Courier Express and Parcel services (CEP) routing efficiency, if information can be acquired from a cooperative traffic management (TM) and included in the tour planningby the CEP.

Authors considered a routing problem, where a vehicle has to serve a set of customers. Travel times are time dependent, stochastic and depend on the applied traffic strategy.Objective is to minimize the overall travel times. They applied approaches differing in the degree of information provided by TM. Results showed, that considering TM-decisions in routing allow an increase in solution quality.


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COOPERATION between service providers and traffic management, to combine traffic control (Köster et al., 2015) and emission control (Köster et al., 2017) with urban delivery operations.

The second research looks into the possibility of improving Courier Express and Parcel services (CEP) routing efficiency, if information can be acquired from a emission-sensitive traffic management (TM) and included in the tour planningby the CEP.

Case studies (Germany):• Potsdam • Braunschweig


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EVALUATION of interventions and investments in urban goods distribution (Bozzo et al., 2014), logistic server providers’ efficiency (De Marco et al., 2014), new delivery scenarios (Comi et al., 2017).

The first paper describes the first phase of a two-year research project called "SIPLUS - Systems for Sustainable Urban Planning of Logistics". The goal of SIPLUS is "development an ex-ante model for evaluation of interventions and investments in urban goods distribution, in favour of the municipalities". It is a decision support system for authorities and decision-makers. At the end of the project, there will be a pilot actions with the application of proposed models inat least one European city.


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The second aims at identifying a set of operational variables that are likely to influence the productivity of Logistics Service Providers (LSPs). The productivity of a LSP is measured as the number of stops made by a driver to pick up or deliver parcels. Several indicators of LSP service are selected and their relationships with the number of stops are investigated through the analysis of data collected from an Italian company.


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The challenge of the third research is to present a methodology for supporting city logistics planners and experts when planning, managing and controlling on-street delivery bay schemes. The proposed methodology allows real-time management and operations control of a given delivery bay scheme (including prior booking and optimization of delivery tours) to be simulated. The on-street delivery bays are properly located and sized according to the delivery demand, and the use of a dedicated set of management rules can maximize their performances.


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City logistics – case studies

• URBAN FREIGHT CONSOLIDATION CENTERS: the number of heavy goods vehicle is reduced in the city center, resulting in less congestion and pollution. Case study in Bristol and Bath (Paddeu et al., 2014).

• HOME DELIVERY OF FRESH FOOD: an ITS solution enabling real-time optimization of route planning (Cagliano et al., 2014); shared logistic models to reduce costs and improve service quality, thanks to the collaboration between retailers (Zissis et al., 2017).


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EWGT Future Activities on the Topic

2018 EURO Mini Conference on “Advances in Freight Transportation and Logistics” Padova (Italy), 7-9 March 2018Jaume Barcelò (co-Chairman)Riccardo Rossi (co-Chairman)

2018 University of Padova Winter School“Methods and models in freight transportation and logistics” Padova (Italy), 1-9 March 2018

http://www.emc-ftl-2018.org

http://www.emc-ftl-2018.org


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EWGT Meeting 2018

21st EWGT Meeting - EWGT2018Technical University of Braunschweig

Braunschweig (Germany), 17th – 19th September 2018

Bernhard Friedrich (Chairman)

http://ewgt2018.org

http://ewgt2018.org


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Thank you for your attention

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