french adjectives - adjectifs. all about french adjectives

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ALL ABOUT FRENCH ADJECTIVES LEARNING IT THE EASY WAY

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French Adjectives - Adjectifs. All about French adjectives. The ultimate resources to know everything about the French adjectives.

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Page 1: French Adjectives - Adjectifs. All about French adjectives

ALL ABOUT FRENCH ADJECTIVES

LEARNING IT THE EASY WAY

Page 2: French Adjectives - Adjectifs. All about French adjectives

This learning guide is divided into different parts with a quick recap after each topic.

1) FRENCH VS. ENGLISH ADJECTIVES

2) HOW TO MAKE FRENCH ADJECTIVES “AGREE”

3) WHERE TO PLACE FRENCH ADJECTIVES IN A SENTENCE

4) COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES (and what this means)

5) WHAT ARE DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES?

6) WHAT ARE POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES?

7) WHAT ARE INDEFINITE ADJECTIVES?

8) QUICK EXERCISES ON ADJECTIVES

Page 3: French Adjectives - Adjectifs. All about French adjectives

1. FRENCH VS. ENGLISH ADJECTIVES

While both French and English adjectives operate the same way, there

are a few key differences between the two, and these are: • When to change the adjectives, and • Their placement in a sentence. A quick recap of the first topic:

1. Adjectives are words which describe a subject and it answers the question: what kind of..?

2. The main difference between English and French adjectives are: • The changes in form. English adjectives change only when used

to compare while French adjectives have to “agree” with the word it is describing according to its gender and quantity.

• The placement in a sentence. French adjectives are usually placed AFTER the noun, while English adjectives come BEFORE it.

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Page 4: French Adjectives - Adjectifs. All about French adjectives

2. HOW TO MAKE FRENCH ADJECTIVES “AGREE”

Here are the basic rules you should remember when it comes to making adjectives agree.

• The main form of French adjectives (like how they appear in dictionary entries) is the masculine singular form.

• In most cases, you only need to add a suffix or ending to change the adjective into its feminine form.

A quick recap of the second topic:

1. The basic rule in changing a masculine adjective into its feminine form is simply to add an -e in its ending. If t already ends in -e, you usually do not need to add another one.

2. A lot of adjectives that end in a consonant can be changed to feminine by doubling the consonant and adding an -e towards the end.

3. Some irregular masculine adjectives have another set of masculine forms which is used when describing words that begin with a vowel or h.

4. To change an adjective into its plural form, the basic rule is to add an -s. But if it already ends in -s or -x, no additional suffix is needed.

5. For adjectives that end in -eau or -al, the plural form is -eaux or -aux. 6. A few adjectives never changes their form no matter what kind of noun they

are describing.

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Page 5: French Adjectives - Adjectifs. All about French adjectives

3. WHERE TO PLACE FRENCH ADJECTIVES IN A SENTENCE

The most important rules for you to take note of are the following: • Most of the time, the adjectives appear immediately AFTER the noun they

are describing. This is true to regular adjectives as well as those related to colors, shapes ans nationalities.

• There are, however, some adjectives that appear BEFORE a noun. A quick recap of the third topic: • There are four kinds of adjectives in French based on where they appear in

a sentence: 1. Adjectives that come AFTER the subject they are describing – this is the most

common case.

2. A small group of adjectives that come BEFORE the subject.

3. Another small group of adjectives could come BEFORE or AFTER the noun, but the meaning changes depending on where it is placed; and

4. The last group – adjectives that could be placed either BEFORE or AFTER and their meanings won't change.

• Multiple adjectives can be connected using et which means and in English.

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Page 6: French Adjectives - Adjectifs. All about French adjectives

4. COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES (and what this means)

Before we talk about the French comparatives and superlatives, let's do a quick review of what it means in the English language.

• Comparative adjectives: These are adjectives that usually end in -er or has the word 'more' or 'less' before it.

• Superlative adjectives: These are adjectives that end with the suffix -est or has the word 'most' or 'least' before it.

A quick recap of the fourth topic:

• The words plus and moins are used to denote comparisons just like how we use 'more' and 'less' in English.

• To change an adjective into its superlative form, le/la/les plus or le/la/les moins are used, and these are dependent on the gender and quantity of the subject being described.

• Irregular comparatives and superlatives do not follow these rules.

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Page 7: French Adjectives - Adjectifs. All about French adjectives

5. WHAT ARE DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES?

Demonstrative adjectives are used to point out something.

These are the words: this, that, these, and those. (e.g., this

pen, that tumbler, these paintings, and those flowers.)

A quick recap of the fifth topic:

• The adjective ce covers the entirety of the demonstrative adjectives in French. But as with any other french adjectives, it changes its form to agree with the noun.

• Additional suffixes such as -ci and -là are used to indicate the distance of the object to the speaker.

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Page 8: French Adjectives - Adjectifs. All about French adjectives

6. WHAT ARE POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES?

Tips for possessive adjectives: • Possessive adjectives always come BEFORE the noun. • Possessive adjectives “agree” not with the owner of the item

being used in the sentence, but with the item itself. • The word 'your' is ton/ta/tes in French. • In French, possessive adjectives are not used to point out

body parts. Le, la l' or les are being used instead. A quick recap of the sixth topic: • A table is provided to map out the possessive adjectives in

French. These vary depending on gender and quantity (if plural or singular)

• Possessive adjectives are placed BEFORE the noun.

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Page 9: French Adjectives - Adjectifs. All about French adjectives

7. WHAT ARE INDEFINITE ADJECTIVES?

These are used to talk about the subject in a general way, not saying who or what exactly it is. Examples of indefinite adjectives in English are: several, many, all, most, every, some, a few, and so on. Please take note of the following: • Indefinite adjectives are placed BEFORE the noun. • These words are also often used as stand-alone

pronouns to replace the adjective and noun.

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Page 10: French Adjectives - Adjectifs. All about French adjectives

8. QUICK EXERCISES ON ADJECTIVES Let us practice saying a few French adjectives first. The meanings are also included, and this list should help widen your French vocabulary. Ready?

Adjective Meaning Pronunciation riche rich reesh pauvre poor pohvr facile easy fah-seel difficile difficult dee-fee-seel intéressant interesting ang-tay-ress-ahng premier, premiere (f.) first prerm-yay; prerm-yairr secret, secrète (f.) secret serkray; serkret Note: • the ones marked with (f.) refer to the feminine form of the adjective. • The italicized letters in the pronunciation guide are meant to be

pronounced with a nasal sound.

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Page 11: French Adjectives - Adjectifs. All about French adjectives

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