Freshwater Freshwater planktonplankton

Free living in open water Position mostly determined by currents

(as opposed to i.e. fish) Three main groups – NOT exact!!

1.Bacterioplankton2.Phytoplankton3.Zooplankton

Bacteria and ProtistsBacteria and Protists Bacteria

Cyanobacteria (Blue-green algae) – photosynthesis - i.e. Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, Anabaena

Heterotrophic – use organic molecules for nutrition – i.e. Azotobacter, Clostridium

Nitrogen fixation in both groups Protists – unicellular, not

animals, plants, bacteria, or fungi Ciliates – i.e. Paramecium Flagellates – i.e. Euglena,

Dinoflagellates

Anabaena

PhytoplanktonPhytoplankton Phytoplankton – “Algae” – Phytoplankton – “Algae” –

plants and others with plants and others with photosynthesisphotosynthesis

Green algae – i.e. Green algae – i.e. Volvox, Volvox, Spirogyra, ChlorellaSpirogyra, Chlorella, Desmids, Desmids

Diatoms – silica cell walls, Diatoms – silica cell walls, yellow-brown chloroplastsyellow-brown chloroplasts

Pediastrum

AsterionellaSpirogyra

ZooplanktonZooplanktonThree Main

Groups1.Cladocera2.Copepoda(Crustaceans)

3.Rotifera

Daphnia pulex

Cladocera - Cladocera - perloočky

Filtration feedingFiltration feeding ParthogenesisParthogenesis

Asexual Asexual reproduction of reproduction of femalesfemales

Poor conditions – Poor conditions – males appear, males appear, sexual sexual reproduction reproduction producing ephippia producing ephippia (winter eggs)(winter eggs)

Ceriodaphnia reticulataBosmina longirostris

Copepoda - Copepoda - klanonožci Filtrators and PredatorsFiltrators and Predators

Cyclopoida – i.e. Cyclopoida – i.e. CyclopsCyclops Calanoida – i.e. Calanoida – i.e. DiaptomusDiaptomus HarpacticoidaHarpacticoida

NaupliusNauplius Larval stages (usually 6)Larval stages (usually 6)

Rotatoria - Rotatoria - vířníci

Corona – cilia for Corona – cilia for movement, movement, capturing foodcapturing food

Mastax – grinding Mastax – grinding organ made of organ made of chitinchitin

Carapace present Carapace present in most speciesin most species

Asplanchna

Keratella

ChaoborusChaoborusDipteraImportant predator on plankton and other insects

Web linksWeb links

http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/full_menhttp://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/full_menu.htmlu.htmlThen “Then “Micro-organisms in pondsMicro-organisms in ponds””

http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/olympuhttp://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/olympusmicd/galleries/moviegallery/pondscum.htsmicd/galleries/moviegallery/pondscum.htmlml

http://http://www.microscopyu.com/moviegallery/pondwww.microscopyu.com/moviegallery/pondscum/index.htmlscum/index.html

http://www.wikipedia.orghttp://www.wikipedia.org – i.e. search for – i.e. search for “plankton”“plankton”

http://http://www.biolib.czwww.biolib.cz//