friendly alert: test # 2, this friday (11 april 14) covers indonesia and japan (review sheets &...
TRANSCRIPT
Friendly Alert:
Test # 2, this Friday (11 April 14)covers Indonesia and Japan
(Review sheets & PowerPoint Slides posted on web)
The World
Africa(physical features)
Africa(population
density)
Africa(climate)
Languages of the World
Language Groups of
Africa
Bantu languages – Southern Africa(400 languages, 100 million speakers)
Language Approx. # of speakers Main geographic area
Fang 560 000 Cameroon, GabonBoulou CameroonEwondo CameroonDouala 400 000 CameroonBamileke 2 million CameroonLuva 6.3 million Congo-KinshasaTshiluba 6 million Congo-KinshasaLingala 8 million Central African Republic,
Congo-Brazzaville,Congo-Kinshasa
Kikongo 6 million Angola, Congo-Brazzaville,Congo-Kinshasa
Kituba 5 million Congo (South)Luganda 4 million UgandaMakoua UgandaKinyarwanda-Kirundi 15 million Rwanda, Burundi
Bantu languages – Southern Africa(cont’d)
Language Approx. # of speakers Main geographic area
Swahili 30 million Tanzania, Kenya,Uganda, Congo DR,
Rwanda, BurundiKikouyou 4.6 million KenyaSukuma TanzaniaBemba ZambiaNyanja (chewa, chinyanja) 3.2 million Malawi, ZambiaKimbundu 3 million AngolaUmbundu 4 million AngolaShona 10 million Mozambique, Zambia,
ZimbabweSotho 3.5 million South AfricaTswana 3 million South Africa, BotswanaZulu 5 million South AfricaNdebele 1 million Zimbabwe, South AfricaXhosa 4 million South AfricaComorian languages 900 000 Comoros
MAJOR TRIBES OF AFRICA (1)• Afar Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia• Amhara Central highland plateau of Ethiopia• Anlo-Ewe SE corner of Ghana• Ashanti Central Ghana• Bakongo Atlantic coast of Africa from Pointe-Noire,
Republic of Congo to Luanda, Angola• Bambara Mali• Bemba NE Zambia• Berber Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt• Bobo W Burkina Faso, Mali• Chewa Zambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi• Dogon SE Mali, Burkina Faso• Fon Benin• Fulani West Africa
MAJOR TRIBES OF AFRICA (2)• Ibo Nigeria• Kikuyu Kenya• Mandinka Senegal, The Gambia, Mali, Guinea-Bissau,
Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire• Masai East Africa• Pygmy Democratic Republic of Congo, Cameroon,
Gabon, Central African Republic, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Republic of Congo
• Samburu Kenya• San Kalahari Desert in southern Africa• Senufo N Cote d’Ivoire, Mali• Tuareg N Mali• Wolof Senegal• Yoruba SW Nigeria, Benin • Zulu South Africa
African Tribal Groups (1929)
West African Tribes
More African Tribal Groups
East Africa (Tanzania)West Central Africa (Congo River Basin)
Benin (West Africa)
Political Tribal groups
Africa(Colonial)
Africa(political)
General African Music Traits
• Emphasis on Rhythm
• Use of Percussion
• Density of Timbre (“buzzy sound”)
• Use of Ostinato
• Use of interlocking parts
• Call and Response
• Controlled Improvisation
Mbira
• Plucked Idiophone
• Lamellaphone (Lamella = “Tongue”)
• Mbira – common name in Zimbabwe and most of Sub-Saharan Africa
• Called Kalimba in Kenya, Ikembe in Rwanda, Likembe in Congo
• Called “thumb piano,” “gourd piano,” “finger harp,” etc. in West
Mbira
Mbira
Zimbabwe(formerly Rhodesia)
Mineral Reserves (South Africa)
A Shona Village
Shona Farmlands
Bira
Bira• Ceremony for spirit of a dead ancestor
• Burial of the body (flesh = black shadow)
• Worm (gonye) emerges from grave and the spirit (white shadow) wanders about 1 year
• Bira (ceremony) – welcomes spirit home- food (ground corn & meat, beer, etc.)- music (played by Mbira and Hosho)
• Spirit admitted back into family circle
Mbira on YouTube
• Mbira - Spirit of the People (Thomas Mapfumo, Oliver Mtukudzi)
• YouTube - Lessons from the Mbira at Duke University