FROM CARING HOME TO SMART HOUSE

A NEEDS LED EVOLUTION

D A Bradley†, S Levy† & S J Brownsell‡

† School of Science & EngineeringUniversity of Abertay Dundee

‡ Barnsley District General Hospital

1944The Thistle Foundation

“ To provide housing suitable for disabled ex-service personnel and their families”.

1948 The birth of the NHS

Free, Universal and Comprehensive Service

based on need!

THE CARING HOME

Traditional, low-tech ‘Dumb House’

Changing epidemiological landscape

Improvements in medical technology

Supply pressures

Increasing expectations

Growing willingness to pay

Ageing population

‘ THE TIMES

THEY ARE e-CHANGIN '

Care

Support Assistance

Advice

REQUIREMENTS FOR INDEPENDENT LIVING

Care

Assistance

Advice

REQUIREMENTS FOR INDEPENDENT LIVING

Human based provision

NeedsAssessment

Support

‘WITH RESPECT TO OLD AGE’

Royal Commission 1999

‘People constantly look for modern technology to improve their life-style’.

‘One of the ways in which life could be improved for older people is in the harnessing of new technology in new, imaginative and profitable ways’.

A TELECARE JIGSAW

SUPPORTIVE

PREVENTATIVE

HOME BASED

RESPONSIVE

USER Needs

- “A needs led approach”

All data leaves homeSensors

Dumb Phone

TELECARE STRATEGIES

Response Centre

Sensors

TELECARE STRATEGIES

Only required information leaves home

Local Intelligenc

e

Smart

Local Processing

SUPPORTIVE

PREVENTATIVERESPONSIVE

CARE TECHNOLOGIES & OPERATIONS

PREDICTIVE/DEDUCTIVESYSTEMS

Activities ofdaily living

(ADL)

'Transfer'monitoring

Eventmonitoring

Gradualgeneraldecline

Fall prediction

Roomoccupancymonitoring

ALARMSYSTEMS

Respirationmonitor

Gasmonitor

Fall detector

(In)Activitymonitor

CardiotachometerIncontinence

monitor

Chairoccupancy

monitor

Bloodpressuremonitor

Smokedetector

'Panic'pendant

ASSISTIVE & SMARTHOME TECHNOLOGIES

Pacemaker

Smartwheelchair

TherapyUnits

Personalheatingsystems

Video'doorbell'Stair-lift

'Keyless'entry

systems

Drug dispenser/compliance unit

Dialysismachine

Reminder unit(dementia)

The ‘Smart House’

SUPPORTIVE

PREVENTATIVE

HOME BASED

RESPONSIVE

USER Needs

• Support independent living.

• Support next-generation community healthcare systems.

• Support the deployment of enhanced sensors.

• Support the use of machine based intelligence in the provision of community healthcare services.

• Support inter-agency communication and data transfer.

• Integrate automatically generated alarms with the operation of control centres.

• Prioritise calls and provide enhanced decision support for control centre operators.

• Provide enhanced management information features.

TELECARE SYSTEM FUNCTIONS

TECHNOLOGY COSTS FOR 11,500 USER INSTALLATIONS

Equipment Cost 175 500 700 1,000

Total home based equipment cost

1,909,000 5,362,000 7,487,000 10,675,000

Warden schemes

141,000 141,000 141,000

Control centre 50,000 50,000 50,000

GP and nurse equipment

241,000 337,000 482,000

Installation and training 279,000 531,000 550,000 579,000

Total initial expenditure

4,097,000 6,325,000 8,565,000 11,927,000

Cost (£)

Present system Proposed system

VARIABLES

Present system

Proposed system (Year)

System Costs

2 4 6 8 10

£500 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.2Average duration of a hospital stay for client base.

9.5 £700 8.75 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5

£1,000 8.75 8.25 7.75 7.75 7.75

£500 18 18 18 18 18Percentage of people in hospital delayed in discharge

20 £700 16 12 10 10 10

£1000 10 5 5 5 5

£500 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4Percentage of people in residential care.

3.5 £700 3.40 3.3 3.20 3.1 3

£1,000 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9

£5,000£4,000£3,000£2,000£1,000

£0£1,000£2,000£3,000£4,000

Year

Cum

mul

ativ

e ca

shflo

w

£000

's

6% interest

10% interest

14% interest

System costs of £500

£8,000

£6,000

£4,000

£2,000

£0

£2,000

£4,000

Year

Cum

mul

ativ

e ca

shflo

w

£000

's

System costs of £700

£6,000

6% interest

10% interest

14% interest

£12,000£10,000

£8,000£6,000£4,000£2,000

£0£2,000£4,000£6,000£8,000

Year

Cum

mul

ativ

e ca

shflo

w

£000

's

System costs of £1,000

6% interest

10% interest

14% interest

COST RECOVERY

TECHNOLOGY DATABASE

EPR

TECHNOLOGY PRESCRIPTIO

N

TECHNOLOGY PRESCRIPTION

FROM CARING HOME TO SMART HOUSE

A NEEDS LED EVOLUTION

D A Bradley†, S Levy† & S J Brownsell‡

† School of Science & EngineeringUniversity of Abertay Dundee

‡ Barnsley District General Hospital