from circuit-level to component-level simulaon and back

From Circuit-Level to Component-Level

Simula4on and Back -

PDK Driven Design Automa4on

THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON OPTICAL/PHOTONIC INTERCONNECTS FOR COMPUTING SYSTEMS (OPTICS WORKSHOP)

MARCH 31S T , 2017

©LUMERICALSOLUTIONSINC1

UHD&3DTVs,smartphones,IoThomesensorsandVRgaming.

Industrialaugmentedreality,machinevision,laserprocessingandautomatedop?calinspec?on.

Op?calcommunica?ons,structural&environmentalsensors,autonomousvehiclenaviga?on,LEDligh?ngandsolarenergy.

Medicalimaginganddiagnos?cs,lasersurgery,labonachip,andenhancedsurgery.

Op?caltransceivers,ac?veop?calcables,op?calstorage,next-genprocessorsandquantumcompu?ng.

A Photonic Future

Example: mul4channel op4cal transceiver

*TomPalkert,“TechnicalFeasibilityUsingSiliconPhotonics”,Luxtera,NextGeneraIon100Gb/sOpIcalEthernetStudyGroup,PlenaryMeeIngMaterial,Nov8th-10th,2011,Atlanta,GA,USA

*DARPA-EPICprogram

100111010

100111010

Laser

modulator

detector

3 ©LUMERICALSOLUTIONSINC

DemuxMux

Integrated photonics electro-opIcmodulator

photodetectorlaser

graIngcoupler

©LUMERICALSOLUTIONSINC

System modeling

Fiber:•  Loss•  Dispersion•  NonlineariIes

•  Gain•  NoiseOpIcalsub-circuit:

•  Wavelength•  Linewidth•  ReflecIons•  Carrierdynamics•  Mode•  Loss/Coupling

Analysis:•  BER•  Loss•  Dispersion•  Phasenoise•  Chirp

Receiver

Electricalsub-circuit:•  Pre-emphasis•  Feedbackloops•  D/A

DSP•  EqualizaIon(FFE/DEF•  DispersioncompensaIon•  LOFrequencyOffset•  PhaseTracking•  PolarizaIoncrosstalk•  SynchronizaIon•  Filtering

OpIcalsub-circuit:•  Wavelength•  Linewidth•  ReflecIons•  Carrierdynamics•  Mode•  Loss/Coupling

Electricalsub-circuit:•  TIA•  AmplificaIon•  A/D

Transmi^er

•  PolarizaIondynamics•  Inter-symbolinterference•  DutycycledistorIon)•  InteracIonofNoiseandSignal

Circuit / System simula4on challenges §  PhotoniccircuitsimulaIonneedstosupport:§  FrequencydomainsimulaIon,e.g.transmissionspectrum,inserIonloss,…§  TimedomainsimulaIon,e.g.BER,powerbudget,…

§  Electronic/photonicco-simulaIon§  …andalsothermal

§ OpIcalsignalvselectricalsignal§  Electricalsignal:Voltage/Current§  OpIcalsignal:propagatesbidirecIonally(reflecIons!),ismulI-mode,inmulIplefrequencybands,andaccumulatesaphase.

§  Lackofphotoniccompactmodels(behaviouralmodels)§  ValidaIonofcalibratedmodelstofabricaIonprocess


Integrated Photonics Designers  Challenges:§  SinglephotonicsPhDsinchargeoftheenIreframework

§ UsuallylayoutdrivenratherthanschemaIcdriven

§  Limitedcircuit/systemsimulaIoncapabiliIes

§  InhousecodetoIedifferenttoolstogether

PROPRIETARYANDCONFIDENTIAL©LUMERICALSOLUTIONSINC7

Fabricate

ComponentModels/PDKCircuitLayoutMask

SpecializedVendorsCustomPackagingMPW&Lowvolume

DesignTechnologyFocusManytoolsLimitedintegraIonPhDlevelexperIse

Today

Component-level simula4on


ThermalOpIcal Electrical

Example: CMOS Image Sensors


 Supposetheobjecttoimageisgreen§ Lightarrivingonthedetectorisgreen

Redfilter

Active region

Active region

Active region

Active region

Greenfilter Greenfilter Bluefilter

 Electronsarecreatedasthelight(photons)areabsorbed.Thenumberofcollectedelectronsineachpixelgivesthepixelbrightnessandcolorforthefinalimage§  FurtherelectricalsimulaIonwithDEVICE

Challenges of component level simula4ons  ThedesignandanalysisoffundamentalpassiveandacIveoptoelectronicbuildingblocksrequiresvarioussolvers:§  OpIcalsolverstosimulatetheinteracIonofEMwavewithmaterial§  PropagaIonproperIes,generaIonrates,absorpIon,…

§  Electricalsolverstomodelchargetransport§  DC,large/smallsignalanalysis,transient,…

§  Thermalsolverstomodelheattransfer§  Steadystateandtransient,self-heaIng,…

§  Stressandstrain§  ProcesssimulaIon§  Dopingprofiles,lithographycorrecIon,etchprofile,sidewallangle,roughness

 Extractaccurate,andcalibratedcompactmodelsfromsimulaIonsandmeasureddataforcircuitsimulaIon.


Integrated Photonics Designers


Fabricate

ComponentModels/PDKCircuitLayoutMask

Design ComponentModels/PDK

Circuit

LayoutMask

Fabless,highvolumeCustom,fullwaferStandardPackaging

SpecializedVendorsCustomPackagingMPW&Lowvolume

Fabricate

DesignTechnologyFocusManytoolsLimitedintegraIonPhDlevelexperIse

ApplicaIonFocusEDAstyletoolsTightintegraIonDesignteams

Today Future

Design framework  PICdesignismuchmorethanjustsimulaIon.Fromandefficient,scalableEDAdesignframeworkstoanEPDAframework:§  Designcapture(layout-drivenvsschemaIcdriven)§  Pre-layoutsimulaIon(onlyforSDL)§  Curvilinearshapes!

§  Useofpre-characterizedbuildingblocks(PDKs)§  IncludingcompactmodelsforcircuitsimulaIon

§  HierarchicalDRC&LVS§  ExtracIonandback-annotaIonforre-simulaIon§  StaIsIcalAnalysis/Yield§  Designfortest,designformanufacturing,regressiontesIng,…

12 ©LUMERICALSOLUTIONSINC

EDA-style flow with a process design kit (PDK)

13

PDKs Design Rules,

Compact models Component parameters Process data

LayoutandMaskGeneraIonCadence,Mentor,PhoeniX,…

VerificaIonMentor,Cadence,….

PhotonicCircuitSimulaIon

SchemaIcCaptureCadence,Mentor,…

FabricaIon

INTERCONNECT

PhotonicComponentDesignOptoelectronicsolvers,Experimentaldata

ComponentDesign

FDTDSoluIons

MODESoluIons

DEVICE

NetlistExchange

ElectricalCircuitSimulaIon

NetlistExchange

©LUMERICALSOLUTIONSINC

The photonic PDK


Photonic PDK Design Rules (for manufacturability,

optical performance)

Mask layer and material information

Die (and package) templates

Library of validated components

Measured data

Compact models (CML)

System/CircuitDesign&FabricaIon

Component&ModelLibraryDesign

DefineCompactModel

MeasuredResults

ComponentSimulaIonOptoelectronicsolvers Circuit

Design,Layout,VerificaIon

FabricaIonandTest

ApplicaIonFocusTechnologyFocus

Virtuoso driven design capture


OpIcalSubcircuit

ElectricalSchemaIc

 SchemaIcdrivenlayout§  Designcapture–singlegoldenschemaIc§  DedicatedopIcalcircuitsimulator(INTERCONNECT)andSpectreallowforco-simulaIon

§  ElectricalandopIcalcomponentsfromgenericPDK(availabilityofcompactmodels

§  SupportsopIcalsignaltype(inclusiveerrorchecking)

Electro-opIcoscillator

PhotodiodeModulator

Waveguidedelayline

Laser

OpIcalsignaltype

Photonic layout  Curvilinearlayout§  non-Manha^anandrequiresallangledesignfeatures(locaIonofports,rotaIon,smoothcurves,connecIvity

§  TheprovidedlibraryofvalidatedcomponentsisnotsufficientforacompletePICdesign–waveguiderouIng

 TradiIonallyICdesigntoolsaremissinggenericphotonicelementsandcomponents.§  OpImizeddiscreIzaIon

16

Sta4s4cal analysis – layout aware


Z.Lu,J.Jhoja,J.Klein,X.Wang,A.Liu,J.Flueckiger,J.Pond,andL.Chrostowski,“PerformancepredicIonforsiliconphotonicsintegratedcircuitswithlayout-dependentcorrelatedmanufacturingvariability”,submi^ed,22pp.(2017).

Design for Manufacturability (DFM)


Z.Lu,J.Jhoja,J.Klein,X.Wang,A.Liu,J.Flueckiger,J.Pond,andL.Chrostowski,“PerformancepredicIonforsiliconphotonicsintegratedcircuitswithlayout-dependentcorrelatedmanufacturingvariability”,submi^ed,22pp.(2017).

Conclusion  ThereisclearadvantagetocombinetheeffortsofEDAandPDAtodeliveracompleteandefficientsoluIonforIntegratedPhotonics§  3decadesofCMOSEDAtools+overadecadeofopIcalcomponentdesignsouware

development

 ButPhotonicsisnotthesameaselectronics§  Newsignaltypes

§  AllowssegregaIon(andautomaIon)ofelectricalvs.opIcal(V,IvsTEandTM,…)

§  Dealingwithcurvilinearshapes§  IncludingdiscreIzaIonchallenges

§  Awaveguideisusuallyacomplex3Dstructurevs.awireinelectronics§  Typicallyawaveguidewillbemodeledasadevice,notapieceof“interconnect”

§  OpIcalconnecIvityisNOTthesameaselectricalconnecIvity…§  2electricalsignalscrossingmakeashort...2opIcalcrossingmake...Acrossing...

 FoundriesareanintegralpartofthesoluIonandneedtoupgradetheir“PhotonicsPDK”toasimilarlevelofcompletenessandfeaturestowhatisthestandardinelectronics


 TechnicalquesIons?kx.lumerical.com

 Commercialinquiries:[email protected]

 EvaluateLumericaltoolsfreefor30dayswww.lumerical.com

 

Connect with Lumerical

www.lumerical.com


Contactmeat:

[email protected]

 Dr.JonasFlueckiger

from circuit-level to component-level simulaon and back

Documents