FROM DESERTEC TO SMART-SOLAR-CITY-TEC

Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) as a major source ofenergy for smart buildings and cities

Towards Smart Sustainable Cities – Integrated Approaches Organizers: UNECE, swissuniversities, the ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences and the Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficiency Track II: Smart Sustainable Cities - Session 1: The Role and Use of Technologies and Indicators to Achieve Smarter and More Sustainable Cities

Astana, 14.06.2017Astrid Schneider

Austria’s largest RTO – Research and Technology OrganisationExperts for Solar Cells and Modules

AIT AUSTRIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY WITH FOCUS ON RESEARCH

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OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE

REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA (through the Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology)

FEDERATION OF AUSTRIAN INDUSTRIES

50,46%

49,54%

EMPLOYEES

1,300

77 m EUR Contract research revenues (incl. grants)45 m EUR bmvit funding (basic state funding)21 m EUR Other operating income, incl. Nuclear Engineering Seibersdorf

TOTAL REVENUESas of 2016

143m EUR

Austria’s largest RTO – Research and Technology Organisation

AIT - AUSTRIA’S LARGEST RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION

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• Sustainable Thermal Energy Systems

• Electric Energy Systems• Sustainable Buildings and

Cities• Photovoltaic Systems• Environmental Resources

& Technologies

Energy Health & Bioresources

Digital Safety & Security

Vision, Automation & Control

Mobility Systems

Low-Emission Transport

Technology Experience

Innovation Systems & Policy

• Bioresources• Molecular Diagnostics• Biomedical Systems• Digital Health Information

Systems

• Security & Communication Technologies

• Visual Surveillance and Insight

• Smart Sensor Solutions• Dependable Systems

Engineering• Information Management

• High-Performance Image Processing

• Autonomous Systems• Complex Dynamical

Systems

• Transportation Infrastructure Technologies

• Dynamic Transportation Systems

• Electric Drive Technologies

• Light Metals Technologies Ranshofen

• Capturing / Measuring Experience

• Future Interface Paradigms

• Experience Orientated Thinking

• Digital Innovation• Foresight & Institutional

Change• Policies for Change

Centre‘s:

AIT – LABORATORY FOR RESEARCH – TESTING & IEC-CERTIFICATION

Electroluminescence of PV moduleThin film PV-laboratory Optical PV-defect-analysis

Stat. Sun Simulator 9 m2

Flasher – 9 m2 A+A+A+PV-Module Load test

PV-Cell measurement

Hail test

Smart Grid Laboratory High-Voltage and Power Laboratory

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AIT SERVICES FOR NEW PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCT DEVELOPERS

Consulting and R&D for the PV-industry regarding new solar cell concepts, PV-module design and BIPV-product development with testing, durability and standardization know how – intense contacts to all Austrian PV-producers

Sunplugged – flexible thin film solar modules Crystalsol - Printed Solar Modules BIPV-façade with LED by Ertex Solar

DAS-Energy Solar Module in Kalzip-roofing Screen Printed Solar Module Glass-Glass (by Ertex Solar) DAS-Energy Solar Module in Foil-Roofing by alwitra

AIT ENERGY + BIPV-PROJECT: ‘ENERGYBASE’-OFFICE BUILDING

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3

5

1 Standard-Building

Low Energy Building

Plus Energy-Building

Zero Energy Building4

Passive House Standard

ENERGYbase Solar Façade with BIPV By AIT (Energy Planning) and POS Architects, Ursula Schneider

ConsumptionOf fossil energy

Building Standard Solar Power (PV)

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AIT - ENERGYBASE: BUILDING INTEGRATION OF PHOTOVOLTAICS

Solar Buildings like the ‘ENERGYbase’ are becoming the new standard with Europe’s ‘Energy Performance of Buildings Directive’ Directive (EPBD) 2010/31/EUNov. 2016: EU-Commission proposed updated EPBD and other ‚Green‘ EU-Directives in the ‚Clean Energy For All Europeans’ legal package about renewable energy targets, smart buildings, e-mobility, energy efficient products

https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/news/commission-proposes-new-rules-consumer-centred-clean-energy-transition

AIT – ENERGY CONCEPT BASED ON SOLAR & RENEWABLE POWER

Energy System:• Photovoltaic system

• 70% direct self consumption• up to 1048 kWh/kWp

• Solar thermal collectors• Solar cooling by sorption chilling process

• Heat pumps coupled with ground water

Energy Balance 2011:

• Pholtovoltaic electricity generation 47,171 kWh / a

• Electricity consumption from grid 104,136 kWh / a

• Sum annual electricity consumption for: heating, cooling and ventilation 151,307 kWh / a

Total energy consumption -80% compared to standard building: 20 kWh/m2a = 151 MWh / 7500 m2 area

AIT

LARGE SCALE INTERACTION OF ‚SMART-SOLAR-CITY-TEC‘ SUCCESSFUL

The interaction between decentral solar energy generation integrated in buildings, electric grid, e-mobility, heatingcooling and storage allows to handle high shares of fluctuating renewable energy from Photovoltaics and Wind

Smart City Aspern a „Smart Living Lab“

Large-scale system optimisation including buildings, electricity grid, user involvement and ICT solutions for: 20.000 residents 2,2 million m² gross floor space 20.000 workplaces 2022 finished

The AIT is responsible for Smart Buildings, Smart Grids and Technology Experience and leads the scientific monitoring tasks of this project in the area of electrical and thermal energy generation, storage, distribution and consumption.

1112.06.2017

BAVIS

Project Chain DG DemoNet

Increasing the DG hosting capacity of MV and LV electric networks

Development of different voltage control concepts

Evaluation and validation in individual field tests

SMART GRIDS HOST DECENTRALLY HIGH SHARE OF PV AND WIND

Fluctuating renewable energy is successfully managed in Medium (MV) and Low Voltage (LV) electric grids

BUILDING INTEGRATED PHOTOVOLTAICS AS A MAJOR SOURCE IN CITIES

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BUILDING INTEGRATED PHOTOVOLTAICS AS A MAJOR SOURCE IN CITIES

Sinking Prices for PV-Systems 5 kW in Austria – PV-Roadmap Austria, Graph Biermayr et. Alii

Key drivers: Strongly sinking prices of Photovoltaics as a decentral source of energy Electrification of the whole endconsumer energy system: heat pumps, batteries, e-cars, BIPV Positive results and experience with high fluctuating shares of renewable energy Digitalization of the energy production, consumption and of decentral appliences (consumers)

working interconnected together as a ‚big system‘

Rising Solar Electricity Share

in Germany: ca. 7.4% PV-Power in 2016 Source: BSW Bundesverband Solarwirtschaft e.V.

High Share of Photovoltaic in the Grid in Germany

Source: Fraunhofer ISE: www.energy-charts.de

FROM DESERTEC TO SMART-SOLAR-CITY-TEC

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Technology Trends: Decentralized generation rises much quicker in

installation, than construction of high voltagegrids

Low electricity generation prices of ca. 7-8 centper kWh for PV in large application in north ofEurope leave no room for amortization ofintercontinental grids as advantage of more sunbecomes marginal in costs

The building shelter is needed as a potential for 100% renewable energy system

Theortically Vienna could cover it‘s electricitydemand totally be PV from it‘s own roofs

The face of our roofs and facades will see a huge transformation with BIPV

Solar Potential Mapping ‚Solarkataster‘ - City of Vienna:64% of the roofs are good or very good for PVThe area covered with PVcould produce 5400 GWh per year

https://www.wien.gv.at/umweltgut/public/grafik.aspx?ThemePage=9

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NETWORKS AND PARTNERS

Networks Partners

THANK YOU!Astrid Schneider

AIT Austrian Institute of Technology | Giefinggasse 2 | 1210 Vienna | AustriaCenter for Energy, Photovoltaic SystemsT +43(0) 50550-6408 | M +43(0) 664 88256034

astrid.schneider@ait.ac.atwww.ait.ac.at

12.06.2017