From Ontology to Wiki Generating Cascadable Default Fresnel Style from Given Ontologies for Creating

Semantic Wiki Interfaces

Lloyd Rutledge

Summary• Input: Semantic Web ontology (data model)

• Output: Semantic wiki with form-based input

• Academic results– Mapping of abstract data modeling to interface

• Practical results

– Efficient quick setup of wiki interface for entering data for a given ontology

• Related topic areas

– Model-driven Development

– Ontology-alignment

– Style in Web technologies

3

Contribution

• Mapping from Semantic Web ontologies to default interface style

– Uses W3C technology Fresnel for Semantic Web interfaces

• Techniques for fine tuning default with additional Fresnel

• Mapping from Fresnel to form-based semantic wikis

– Fine tunable default style facilitates semantic wiki startup

– This Fresnel implementation adds facilitated data entry

• Implementation: OWL Wiki Forms (OWF)

– Open source MediaWiki extension

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nl/

• Semantic MediaWiki extension• Infobox-like templates for data

browsing• Forms for data entry• Primitives for building ontology-based

interface

a

b

dbpedia:Tim_Berners-Lee rdf:type foaf:Person ; rdf:type dbpedia-owl:Person ; rdfs:label "Tim Berners-Lee"@en ; foaf:depiction http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Tim_Berners-

Lee_closeup.jpg ; foaf:name "Tim Berners-Lee"@en ; foaf:surname "Berners-Lee"@en ; foaf:homepage http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/ ; dbpedia-owl:title "Professor"@en ; dbpedia-owl:birthYear "1955-01-01T00:00:00+02:00"^^xs:gYear ; dbpedia-owl:almaMater dbpedia:The_Queen's_College,_Oxford ; dbpedia-owl:occupation dbpedia:Computer_scientist ; dbpedia-owl:birthName "Timothy John Berners-Lee"@en ; dbpedia-owl:residence dbpedia:Massachusetts ; dbpedia-owl:religion dbpedia:Unitarian_Universalism ; dbpprop:birthPlace "London, England"@en ; dbpprop:honorificSuffix "OM, KBE, FRS, FREng, FRSA"@en ; dbpprop:dateOfBirth "8"^^xs:int ; dbpprop:placeOfBirth "London, England"@en ; dbpprop:religion dbpedia:Unitarian_Universalism ; dbpprop:before "First recipient"@en ; dbpprop:nationality "British"@en ; dbpprop:birthDate 1955-06-08 ; dbpprop:title "Professor"@en ; dbpprop:title "Millennium Technology Prize winner"@en ; dbpprop:almaMater dbpedia:The_Queen's_College,_Oxford ; dbpprop:occupation dbpedia:Computer_scientist ; dbpprop:residence "Massachusetts, U.S."@en ;

c

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

• Specifies how an XML document should appear

– Mapping from XML to presentation display model

• Separation of style from content

– Reuse of one centralized style for multiple documents

• “Cascading” is layered building up of style from general to specific

• Default style sheets for HTML

– And SVG, MathML, etc.

– Thus default style for a given domain of XML

• Effectively a default stylesheet for XML

– How XML appears on a web browser

11

Model-driven development

informatiemodel

interface-specificatie

bedrijfs-regelsge

drag

gedr

ag

generatie

default interface-specificatie

informatie-model

Album

nrtitelaantal tracks

AlbumnrTitelAantal

i

Track

albumvolgnrtitelcomponist

AlbumVolgnrTitelComponistnaam

ii

1

*

from OU course T37121 Model-driven development workbook

Model-driven Development concepts

• Default/prototype system interface from data model (ontology)

• Whole system development driven by development of data model

– And feedback from default interface guide model development

– But Semantic Web has more reuse of existing ontologies

• Various ways of overriding or tailing default interface

– In OWF Wiki Forms:

• Cascading ontology

• Cascading Fresnel

• CSS

• Wiki templates at standard locations

http://dig.csail.mit.edu/2006/Talks/0724-fresnel/#%2814%29

Domain-independent default for browser (Longwell)

With (handmade) Fresnel style

Fresnel: RDF interface in RDF

• Specifies how RDF is display

• Separates style from content: like CSS for XML

• Also in RDF

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresnel_lens

from http://www.w3.org/2005/04/fresnel-info/manual/

17

OWL Wiki Forms (OWF) architecture

Pagina 19

Generated default Fresnel code

:defaultLenshttpxmlnscomfoaf01Person rdf:type fresnel:Lens ; fresnel:classLensDomain foaf:Person  ; fresnel:showProperties

foaf:currentProject , foaf:familyName , foaf:family_name , foaf:firstName , foaf:geekcode , foaf:img , foaf:knows , foaf:lastName , foaf:myersBriggs , foaf:pastProject , foaf:plan , foaf:publications , foaf:schoolHomepage , foaf:surname , foaf:workInfoHomepage , foaf:workplaceHomepage .

Range-based autocompletion

Default view

{{Person|familyName=Berners-Lee|firstName=Tim|img=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/

Tim_Berners-Lee-Knight-crop.jpg|knows=Conway Berners-Lee, Mary Lee Woods

Cascade Fresnel to hide undesired properties

:defaultLenshttpxmlnscomfoaf01Person fresnel:hideProperties foaf:currentProject , foaf:family_name , foaf:geekcode , foaf:lastName , foaf:myersBriggs , foaf:pastProject , foaf:plan , foaf:publications , foaf:schoolHomepage , foaf:surname , foaf:workInfoHomepage , foaf:workplaceHomepage .

:imgFormat rdf:type fresnel:Format ; fresnel:value fresnel:image  ; fresnel:propertyFormatDomain foaf:img .

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/nl/

Next steps

• Minimizing non-default style specification– Default for ontology through non-default style to target interface

– Evaluate as distance from default to target

• Standard sort?, “triple distance”?

– Most widely used ontologies and interface

• Non-default style layer– Namespace data

– Order of properties in boxes: via Fresnel

– CSS via Fresnel

• Cascading: Ontologies, CSS, Wiki templates

• Extend Fresnel for Semantic Forms interface components