Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & State

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & StateUS CivilisationUS Civilisation

Charles C. Hadleyhttp://charleshadley.net

✦ Religion & the C.Rts mvt (50s & 60s)✦ Religion & politics since the 80s

✦ Religion & the C.Rts mvt (50s & 60s)✦ Religion & politics since the 80s

From the 50s till Yesterday afternoon

From the 50s till Yesterday afternoon

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & State

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & StateUS CivilisationUS Civilisation

Charles C. Hadleyhttp://charleshadley.net Protest Mvt & CRts

Mvt 1950s & 60s: Bkgrnd

Protest Mvt & CRts Mvt 1950s & 60s:

Bkgrnd

✦ Plessy vs Ferguson 1896 ("separate but equal" ➞) "Jim Crow"

✦ NAACP (1909 ➞ …)✦ WW2✦ Ralph Ellison: Invisible Man 1952✦ 1960s ➞ … TV✦ “Wh revolution” & Bl revolution

✦ Plessy vs Ferguson 1896 ("separate but equal" ➞) "Jim Crow"

✦ NAACP (1909 ➞ …)✦ WW2✦ Ralph Ellison: Invisible Man 1952✦ 1960s ➞ … TV✦ “Wh revolution” & Bl revolution

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & State

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & StateUS CivilisationUS Civilisation

Charles C. Hadleyhttp://charleshadley.net

Protest Mvt & CRts Mvt 1950s & 60s

Protest Mvt & CRts Mvt 1950s & 60s

✦ 1954 Brown vs Board of Education✦ Dec ’55... Alabama bus boycott (Rosa

Parks)

✦ 1954 Brown vs Board of Education✦ Dec ’55... Alabama bus boycott (Rosa

Parks)

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & State

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & StateUS CivilisationUS Civilisation

Charles C. Hadleyhttp://charleshadley.net

Protest Mvt & CRts Mvt

1950s & 60s

Protest Mvt & CRts Mvt

1950s & 60s✦ MLK, Jr. (NB “Martin Luther”)

- Baptist (family history)

- 1955-56 Montgomery bus boycott

- - Southern Christian Leadership Conference

- Birmingham Campaign, Alabama 1963, 65, etc

- Washington, D.C. 1963

- 1964 Nobel Peace Prize

- 1966 MLK in Lyon (!)

- NY 1967: link C.Rts & VN

- Memphis TN Apr 1968: Assassination

✦ MLK, Jr. (NB “Martin Luther”)

- Baptist (family history)

- 1955-56 Montgomery bus boycott

- - Southern Christian Leadership Conference

- Birmingham Campaign, Alabama 1963, 65, etc

- Washington, D.C. 1963

- 1964 Nobel Peace Prize

- 1966 MLK in Lyon (!)

- NY 1967: link C.Rts & VN

- Memphis TN Apr 1968: Assassination

“We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded

by the oppressed.”

cf. "If there is no struggle there is no progress. Power concedes nothing

without a demand. It never did and it never will.”- Frederick Douglass

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

We Shall Overcome, Some

Day

We Shall Overcome, Some

Day

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & State

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & StateUS CivilisationUS Civilisation

Charles C. Hadleyhttp://charleshadley.net

Protest Mvt & CRts Mvt

1950s & 60s

Protest Mvt & CRts Mvt

1950s & 60s

✦ “Black Power”✦ “Black Power”

Black PanthersBlack Panthers

Nation of Islam (“Black Muslim)

Nation of Islam (“Black Muslim) Malcolm XMalcolm X

Bobby SealeBobby SealeHuey NewtonHuey Newton

Eldridge CleaverEldridge CleaverFred HamptonFred Hampton

Angela DavisAngela Davis

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & State

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & StateUS CivilisationUS Civilisation

Charles C. Hadleyhttp://charleshadley.net

✦ JFK (RCC)✦ Hippy “Mvt” - "New Age"

([variations on] Far Eastern religions)

✦ Native Amn religions✦ Bl Muslims → “Bl Power”✦ (Supreme) Court Decisions

* School Prayer: 1962, 1963* "Lemon" Test 1971 (not the fruit…☺)* Creationism: 1968 Arkansas; 1987

Louisiana; * “intelligent design” 2005 Dover PA (not

SCt)

✦ JFK (RCC)✦ Hippy “Mvt” - "New Age"

([variations on] Far Eastern religions)

✦ Native Amn religions✦ Bl Muslims → “Bl Power”✦ (Supreme) Court Decisions

* School Prayer: 1962, 1963* "Lemon" Test 1971 (not the fruit…☺)* Creationism: 1968 Arkansas; 1987

Louisiana; * “intelligent design” 2005 Dover PA (not

SCt)

Religion in the 1960s:Opening twd other religions?

Ruling out religion?

Religion in the 1960s:Opening twd other religions?

Ruling out religion?

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & State

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & StateUS CivilisationUS Civilisation

Charles C. Hadleyhttp://charleshadley.net

Challenges starting in the

1960s...

Challenges starting in the

1960s...✦ (Religious) diversity (JFK...)✦ Rapid changes in public opinion &

policies* prayer in schools / creationism* Civil Rights

- affirmative action

- Loving vs VA 1967

✦ (Religious) diversity (JFK...)✦ Rapid changes in public opinion &

policies* prayer in schools / creationism* Civil Rights

- affirmative action

- Loving vs VA 1967

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & State

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & StateUS CivilisationUS Civilisation

Charles C. Hadleyhttp://charleshadley.net Challenges

starting in the 1960s...

Challenges starting in the

1960s...✦ liberalization of sexual mores

* pornography* "2nd wave" feminism

- reproductive rights (incl abortion)

- ERA (oh, well)* Lesbian/Gay Rights Mvts

✦ Education: History / Science

✦ liberalization of sexual mores* pornography* "2nd wave" feminism

- reproductive rights (incl abortion)

- ERA (oh, well)* Lesbian/Gay Rights Mvts

✦ Education: History / Science

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & State

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & StateUS CivilisationUS Civilisation

Charles C. Hadleyhttp://charleshadley.net

✦ Jimmy Carter (Pres 1977-81)✦ "born-again" Christian ✦ federal Education Department

✦ Jimmy Carter (Pres 1977-81)✦ "born-again" Christian ✦ federal Education Department

Meeting the Challenges

Meeting the Challenges

Jimmy CarterJimmy Carter

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & State

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & StateUS CivilisationUS Civilisation

Charles C. Hadleyhttp://charleshadley.net

Aimée Semple McPhersonAngelus Temple (1923)

Aimée Semple McPhersonAngelus Temple (1923)

✦ Mega Churches✦ Mega ChurchesRobert Schuller

Crystal CathedralRobert Schuller

Crystal Cathedral

Meeting the Challenges

Meeting the Challenges

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & State

Skirmishes on the Frontier between Church & StateUS CivilisationUS Civilisation

Charles C. Hadleyhttp://charleshadley.net

Saddleback Church :Rick Warren

Saddleback Church :Rick WarrenRick WarrenRick Warren