frontier center status of polar bears _ status_of_polar_bears011509.pdf“the polar bear is at risk...

47
Status of Polar Bears Ursus maritimus 1

Upload: others

Post on 20-Jul-2020

5 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

Status of Polar BearsUrsus maritimus

1

Page 2: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

2

Page 3: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

Figure TS.23Figure TS.23

Page 4: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

4

Page 5: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's
Page 6: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

20092006200320001997199419911989198619831980

Page 7: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

More Distant IceMore Distant Ice Retreat =

bears summer over deep water

reduced size

poorer survivalpoorer survival ?

Impact onImpact on population size?

.

Page 8: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

What everybody knows:

“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming meltsextinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's getting a second chance: polar bears may get protection under the E d d S i A t B t thEndangered Species Act. But the decision is not final.”  ‐ CBD

“In some areas of their Arctic home, polar bears are in decline. Th i d i l i b d h d li h fTheir drop in population can be traced to another decline: that of sea ice, reduced by global warming. Sea ice is the polar bears’ primary habitat and they rely on it for survival. Unless major actions to reduce global warming are taken, two‐thirds of the 

8

g g , fworld’s polar bears are likely to be gone by 2050.” ‐WWF

Page 9: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

9

Page 10: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's
Page 11: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

11

Page 12: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

12

Page 13: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

13

Page 14: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's
Page 15: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

15

Page 16: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

Non‐Viablee Popuulationn

s

16

Page 17: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's
Page 18: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

Likelihood of decline with no harvest for Beaufort Sea Polar bears ~ 70% 

Page 19: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

19

Page 20: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

Recent Population Studiesp

SB, WH: Decline

NB, SH: Constant

DS, BS: Increase

20

Page 21: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

21

Page 22: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

Temperature and CO2 from 1997 2007Temperature and CO2 from 1997‐2007

ion

mpe

rature

oncentrat

Tem

CO2 Co

22

Page 23: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

Temperature  from 2003 to 2008p

23

Page 24: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's
Page 25: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

Figure 1: Surface temperatures in the Sargasso Sea, a 2 million square mile region of the Atlantic Ocean, with time resolution of 50 to 100 years and ending in 1975, as determined by isotope ratios of marine organism remains in sediment at the bottom of the sea (3). The horizontal line is the average temperature for this 3,000‐year period. The Little Ice Age and Medieval Climate Optimum were naturally occurring, extended intervals of climate departures from the mean. A value of 0.25 °C, which is the change in Sargasso Sea p , g gtemperature between 1975 and 2006, has been added to the 1975 data in order to provide a 2006 temperature value.

Page 26: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's
Page 27: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's
Page 28: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

28

Page 29: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's
Page 30: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's
Page 31: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's
Page 32: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's
Page 33: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

Positive AO Negative AO

Page 34: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

34

Page 35: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's
Page 36: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's
Page 37: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

h l d d f h dThe only documented causes of the recent  Arctic warming period were natural and not anticipated by climate models:

Anomalous  warm surface water inflow from the North Pacific,  Anomalous meridianal (offshore) winds,Enhanced warming from cloud formation over open water and

37

Enhanced warming from cloud formation over open water, and  Loss of multi‐year ice.

Page 38: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

38

Page 39: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

39

Page 40: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

40

Page 41: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

41Hey, what about  us?

Page 42: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's
Page 43: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

43

Page 44: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

44Sound Conservation Practices

Page 45: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

45

Page 46: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

Solar versus CO2 radiative forcings over the past 150 years: Here is how IPCC suggests that CO2 is dominating!

gg 2 g

2at

/m2 )

1.7

1.5

1.75

orci

ng a

ere

(W/

1

1.25

1.5

ativ

e fo

mos

phe

0.75

1Only thedifference

Tra

dia

p of

atm

0.20.25

0.5

NE

Tth

e to

p

0Sun CO2

t

IPCC (2007)

Page 47: Frontier Center Status of Polar Bears _ Status_of_Polar_Bears011509.pdf“The polar bear is at risk of extinction as global warming melts away its Arctic sea‐ice habitat. Now it's

Solar versus CO2 radiative forcings over the past 150 years: Why the Sun is a more important climate driver!

p

341 341.2350at

2 )

300

350

orci

ng a

e (W

/m2

200

250

ativ

e fo

sphe

re

100

150Baseline

Baseline+Changed ra

dia

f atm

o

32 33.750

100

stim

ate

e to

p of

0Sun CO2

Es

the

IPCC (2007)