fruit weight variation caused by the known fw2.2, fw3.2
TRANSCRIPT
Reza Shekasteband1, Eudald Illa Berenguer2, Esther van der Knaap2, and Samuel F Hutton1
1. University of Florida Department of Horticulture2. University of Georgia, Department of Horticulture
Fruit weight variation caused by the known FW2.2, FW3.2, FAS, and FW11.3 alleles in fresh market tomato
Physical locations of the known FW genes on tomato genome
LC >SL3.0ch02:47743540.. 47743799 (SNP)FW2.2 >SL3.0ch02:52889141.. 5288937 (SNP)
Chr. 02
FW3.2 >SL3.0ch03:66283121.. 662834467 (SNP)
Chr. 03
FAS >SL3.0ch11:55171653.. 55465698 (inversion)FW11.3 >SL3.0ch11:55559861.. 55560093 (indel)
Chr. 11
AccessionsBreed.
MaterialFW2.2 FW3.2 FW11.3 LC FAS
Fruit weight
Heinz_1706/OH8245/
OH981136/OH987034/
OH2641/M82/FG020188
Processing 1 1 1 3 3 Medium
R997 Processing 1 3 1 3 3 Small
Hunt_100 Processing 1 1 1 1 3 ?
NC1/NC2/NC3/
NC4 Grape/081-12(x)/
051(x)-66
Grape 3 1 3 3 3 Small
NC_EBR5/EBR6/EBR7/
EBR8/NC_25P/NC946/
78L-1W
Plum 1 3 1 3 3Med-Large
74L-1W Plum 2 3 1 2 3 Large
7907B/8000/8059/8111B/
8570/8834/8857/8917Beefsteak 1 1 1 1 3
Med-Large
8872 Beefsteak 3 1 1 1 3 Large
Distribution of fruit weight and locule number alleles in tomato breeding germplasm
1 = mutant allele, resulting in large fruit or more locules2 = heterozygous3 = wild type allele, resulting in small fruit or fewer locules
Improve fruit weight (FW) in fresh marker round tomato by using mutant allele of FAS gene
FAS = 3FW2.2 = 1FW3.2 = 1FW11.3 = 1
FAS = 1 FAS = 3
FW2.2 = 3
FW3.2 = 3
FW2.2 = 1
FW3.2 = 1
Main Objective
FAS = 1FW2.2 = 3FW3.2 = 3FW11.3 = 1
1 = mutant allele, resulting in large fruit or more locules2 = heterozygous3 = wild type allele, resulting in small fruit or fewer locules
Accessions LC FW2.2 FW3.2 FAS FW11.3
Population 1
Fla. 8111b X Rosato TondoFla. 8111b 1 1 1 3 1
Rosato Tondo 1 1 3 1 1
Population 2
Fla. 8059 X LYC1894Fla. 8059 1 1 1 3 1
LYC1894 1 3 1 1 3
1 = mutant allele, resulting in large fruit or more locules2 = heterozygous3 = wild type allele, resulting in small fruit or fewer locules
Breeding strategies to swap out and/or combine FW2.2 and FW3.2 with FAS gene
Accessions LC FW2.2 FW3.2 FAS FW11.3
Population 1
Fla. 8111b X Rosato TondoFla. 8111b 1 1 1 3 1
Rosato Tondo 1 1 3 1 1
1 = mutant allele, resulting in large fruit or more locules2 = heterozygous3 = wild type allele, resulting in small fruit or fewer locules
Rosato Tondo
Fla. 8111b
Breeding strategies to swap out and/or combine FW3.2 with FAS gene
Accessions LC FW2.2 FW3.2 FAS FW11.3
Population 2
Fla. 8059 X LYC1894Fla. 8059 1 1 1 3 1
LYC1894 1 3 1 1 3
LYC1894
Fla. 8059
1 = mutant allele, resulting in large fruit or more locules2 = heterozygous3 = wild type allele, resulting in small fruit or fewer locules
Breeding strategies to swap out and/or combine FW2.2 with FAS gene
FW3.2 3 2 1
3
2
1
FAS
Nine genotypic combination of FW3.2 and FAS alleles in Fla. 8111b population
FW2.2 3 2 1
3
2
1
FAS
Nine genotypic combination of FW2.2 and FAS alleles in Fla. 8059 population
Significant increase in FW was associated with homozygous mutant FAS gene
b b
a
3 2 1
3 FW2.2 homo WT
2 FW2.2 hete
1 FW2.2 homo mutant
Fla. 8059
FW2.2 homozygous WT FW2.2 heterozygousFW2.2 homozygous mutant
bb
abab
ab
a
ab
ab
a
100
150
200
250
300
3 2 1
Ave
rage
FW
(g)
3 FW3.2 homo WT
2 FW3.2 hete
1 FW3.2 homo mutant
FAS Genotype
Fla. 8111b
FW3.2 homozygous WT FW3.2 heterozygousFW3.2 homozygous mutant
1 = mutant allele, resulting in large fruit or more locules2 = heterozygous3 = wild type allele, resulting in small fruit or fewer locules
bb
abab
ab
a
ab
ab
a
100
150
200
250
300A
vera
ge F
W (
g)
b b
a
FAS Genotype
Fla. 8111b Fla. 8059
ab
a
abab
ab
b
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
3 2 1
Mar
keta
ble
Yie
ld (
Kg/
ha)
3 FW3.2 homo WT
2 FW3.2 hete
1 FW3.2 homo mutant
aa
b
3 2 1
3 FW2.2 homo WT
2 FW2.2 hete
1 FW2.2 homo mutant
Substitution of WT alleles at FW2.2 and FW3.2 provides little or no advantage
FW3.2 homozygous WT
FW3.2 heterozygous
FW3.2 homozygous mutant
FW2.2 homozygous WT
FW2.2 heterozygous
FW2.2 homozygous mutant
Heterozygous FAS gene improves FW in an interaction with FW3.2
0
50
100
150
200
250
Fla. 8111b 3 2 1
Ave
rage
FW
(g)
FW3.2 Genotype
2 FAS heterozygous
3 FAS homozygous WT
a aa b
a b
Heterozygous FAS gene improves FW in an interaction with FW3.2
212
154
211225
165 172187
0
50
100
150
200
250
Fla. 8111b 3 2 1
Ave
rage
FW
(g)
FW3.2 Genotype
2 FAS heterozygous
3 FAS homozygous WT
Heterozygous FAS gene improves FW without effecting fruit shape
0
50
100
150
200
250
Fla. 8111b 3 2 1
Ave
rage
FW
(g)
FW3.2 Genotype
2 FAS heterozygous
3 FAS homozygous WTFla. 8111b
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
Ave
rage
FW
(g)
FW3.2 Genotype
2 FAS heterozygous
3 FAS homozygous WT
3 2 1Fla 8111b
Heterozygous FAS gene improves FW without effecting fruit shape
Fla. 8111b
Heterozygous FAS gene improves FW in an interaction with FW2.2
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
Fla. 8059 3 2 1
Ave
rage
FW
(g)
FW2.2 Genotype
2 FAS heterozygous
3 FAS homozygous WTa b
a aa b
Heterozygous FAS gene improves FW in an interaction with FW2.2
146
138
144
150
142
124
134
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
Fla. 8059 3 2 1
Ave
rage
FW
(g)
FW2.2 Genotype
2 FAS heterozygous
3 FAS homozygous WT
Heterozygous FAS gene improves FW in an interaction with FW2.2
Fla. 8059
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
Fla. 8059 3 2 1
Ave
rage
FW
(g)
FW2.2 Genotype
2 FAS heterozygous
3 FAS homozygous WT
Heterozygous FAS gene improves FW in an interaction with FW2.2
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
Ave
rage
FW
(g)
FW2.2 Genotype
2 FAS heterozygous
3 FAS homozygous WT
3 2 1Fla 8059
Fla. 8059
Conclusion
The wild type (WT) allele of FW3.2 gene significantly reduces tomato FW in Fla. 8111b background
The mutant allele of FW2.2 gene does not have a significant effect on FW in Fla. 8059 background
Homozygosis for mutant allele of FAS may not be adaptable due to yield loss, increases the FW drastically though.
The mutant alleles of FW3.2 and FW2.2 genes apparently have positive interactions with FAS gene
The mutant allele of FAS in heterozygous state may help to increase FW without compromising marketability
Acknowledgment
Tomato Breeding Lab, Dr. Hutton
Tomato Genetics Lab, Dr. van der Knaap
Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI)
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTUR