FUN FACTS: Muscular System • You use 14 muscles to smile

and 43 to frown.• The human body has more

than 650 muscles.• The strongest muscle of the

body is the tongue, and every person has a unique tongue print.

• The muscle that lets your eye blink is the fastest muscle in your body. It allows you to blink 5 times a second.

Muscular System

Function: Works with skeletal system to produce voluntary movement; helps to circulate blood and move food through the digestive system

Structures: Skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle

3 KINDS OF MUSCLE TISSUE

Skeletal System

Functions: •Protects organs and supports the body•Works with muscles to allow movement•Stores fat and minerals •Make red blood cells in the bone marrow

Structures: Bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons

FUN FACTS: Skeletal System• The bones in your body

are not white - they range in color from beige to light brown.

• The adult skeleton contains 206 bones, and more than half them are found in your hands and feet.

• The smallest bone is the “stirrup”- it is found in the ear and is less than an inch long.

Distal

epiphysis

Proximal

epiphysis

diaphysis

yellow marrow

epiphyseal line

periosteum

compact bone

spongy bone

Endosteum

hyaline cartilage

Sharpey’s fibers

HumerusUlna

RadiusCarpals

MetacarpalsPhalanges

HumerusUlna

RadiusCarpals

MetacarpalsPhalanges

The Upper Limb (Forelimb)

The Upper Limb (Forelimb)

FemurPatellaTibia

FibulaTarsals

MetatarsalsPhalanges

FemurPatellaTibia

FibulaTarsals

MetatarsalsPhalanges

The Lower Limb (Legs)

The Lower Limb (Legs)

•Joints are where bones connect & move

Here are examples of the different types of joints.

Arthritis is when the joints become inflamed.

LET’S CONNECT!• Ligaments is the

tissue that connects bones to bones.

• Cartilage is at the end of the bones to protect the bones from rubbing together. – Cartilage is a tough but

flexible tissue that gives our nose and ears shape.

Nervous System

Function: Coordinates the body’s response to changes in its internal and external environments

Structures: Brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves

DIVISIONS• CNS: Central Nervous System

– Relays messages, processes information, and analyzes information

• PNS: Peripheral Nervous System– The sensory division transmits impulses

from sense organs to the CNS– The motor division transmits impulses

from the central nervous system to the muscles or glands

• Somatic Nervous System: regulates CONSCIOUS actions (Ex. Wiggling toes)

• Autonomic Nervous System : regulates automatic or involuntary actions (Ex. Heart rate)

Neuron Axon

Muscles and bones work together to produce movement in response to cues from nerves.