function transports substances o2, co2, hormones, waste, etc. regulate ph restrict fluid loss at...
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Blood
BloodFunctionTransports substancesO2, CO2, hormones, waste, etc.Regulate pHRestrict fluid loss at injury siteDefense against pathogensStabilize body temperatureHematophobia = fear of blood
Make upIs a connective tissueHas 2 parts:Cells (rbc, wbc, platelets) = 45%Plasma (water, protein, amino acids..) = 55%
Hematocrit measurement of the blood volume by centrifuging a blood sample
Three types of Blood cellsRed blood cells (RBC) erythrocytes
White Blood cells (WBC) leukocytes
Platelets thrombocytes
Cells are made by hemopoiesis (in bone marrow)Cells are destroyed by phagocytosis in liver & spleen
Pg 382 1-3RBCsShape is a biconcave discThere are 5 million per cubic mmContain no nucleusLife span of 120 daysFunction of RBCsTransport oxygen and carbon dioxidePlenty of oxygen makes bright red blood oxyhemoglobinLow amount of O2 is bluish red- deoxyhemoglobin
Hemoglobin molecule that combines with oxygen
Iron is important to make hemoglobin
FormationTo make RBCs the body needs:Folic acidVitamin B12IronErythropoietin (kidney hormone) stimulates RBC production
Too few RBCs and you will have anemiaWBCsGeneral function is to protect the body against disease
There are 5 types of leukocytes (in 2 categories):Granulocytes (grainy cytoplasm)NeutrophilsEosinophilsBasophilsAgranulocytes (lack grainy cytoplasm):MonocytesLymphocytes
NeutrophilNucleus with several lobes
Active phagocytes forming 60% of WBCs
Present in pus of wounds
Life span 10 hrs.
BasophilProduces heparin and histaminesImportant in inflammatory reactionLess than 1% of WBC numbers
EosinophilMainly attack parasites marked with antibodies by releasing toxic compounds2% of WBCs
MonocyteLarger cell, horseshoe shaped nucleusBecome macrophagesAttract fibroblasts6%
LymphocyteNucleus is dark and takes up most of the cellDefense against invadersProduce antibodies30% of WBCs
Ranking WBCs from most common to least:Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas
Neutrophil 60%Lymphocyte 30%Monocyte 6%Eosinophil 2 %Basophil