funda powers, civil and political r, economc & social r

8/13/2019 Funda Powers, Civil and Political R, Economc & Social R

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INHERENT POWERS OF THE STATE

POLICE POWER

Requisites1- LAWFUL SUBJECT: The interests of the public generll!" s #istinguishe# fro$ those of prticulr clss"re%uire the e&ercise of the police po'er

(- LAWFUL )EA*S: The $ens e$plo!e# re resonbl! necessr! for the cco$plish$ent of the purposen# not un#ul! oppressi+e upon in#i+i#uls

MMDA v. Bel-Air Villae Ass!"iati!#$ I#".$,( SC.A ,/" )rch (0" (" 1st2i+3 45uno6

5olice po'er is n inherent ttribute of so+ereignt!3 7t hs been #efine# s the po'er +este# b! theConstitution in the legislture to $8e" or#in" n# estblish ll $nner of 'holeso$e n# resonble l's"sttutes n# or#innces" either 'ith penlties or 'ithout" not repugnnt to the Constitution" s the! shll9u#ge to be for the goo# n# 'elfre of the co$$on'elth" n# for the sub9ects of the s$e.

7t bers stressing tht police po'er is lo#ge# pri$ril! in the *tionl Legislture . 7t cnnot be e&ercise# b!n! group or bo#! of in#i+i#uls not possessing legislti+e po'er. The *tionl Legislture" ho'e+er" $!#elegte this po'er to the 5resi#ent n# #$inistrti+e bor#s s 'ell s the l'$8ing bo#ies of $unicipl

corportions or locl go+ern$ent units. nce #elegte#" the gents cn e&ercise onl! such legislti+e po'erss re conferre# on the$ b! the ntionl l'$8ing bo#!.

A"e%e&! O'ti"al C!('a#)$ I#". v. CA$ ,(; SC.A ,1


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interferes 'ith tht right" n#" for greter public purposes" pproprites the ln# of h in#i+i#ul 'ithout hisconsent" the plin $ening of the l' shoul# not be enlrge# b! #oubt4ful6 interprettion3

- E0er"ise !/ E(i#e#t D!(ai# %) L2,s

Mu#i"i'alit)!/ Para#aquev. V.M. Realt) C!r'.$ (;( SC.A /0" Jul! (" 1;; 45ngnibn6

The po'er of e$inent #o$in is lo#ge# in the legislti+e brnch of go+ern$ent" 'hich $! #elegte the

e&ercise thereof to L>Us" other public entities n# public utilities3 An L>U $! therefore e&ercise the po'erto e&proprite pri+te propert! onl! 'hen uthori?e# b! Congress n# sub9ect to the ltter@s control n#restrints i$pose# through the l' conferring the po'er or in other legisltions3 7n this cse" Section 1; of.A 01/" 'hich #elegtes to L>Us the po'er of e$inent #o$in" lso l!s #o'n the pr$eters for itse&ercise3

Thus" the follo'ing essentil re%uisites $ust concur before n L>U cn e&ercise the po'er of e$inent#o$in:13 An or#innce is encte# b! the locl legislti+e council uthori?ing the locl chief e&ecuti+e" in behlf ofthe L>U" to e&ercise the po'er of e$inent #o$in or pursue e&proprition procee#ings o+er prticulrpri+te propert!3(3 The po'er of e$inent #o$in is e&ercise# for public use" purpose or 'elfre" or for the benefit of thepoor n# the ln#less3

,3 There is p!$ent of 9ust co$penstion" s re%uire# un#er Section ;" Article 777 of the Constitution" n#other pertinent l's3


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,3 Entr! $ust be un#er 'rrnt or color of uthorit!


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Tht onl! fe' coul# ctull! benefit fro$ the e&proprition of the propert! #oes not #i$inish its publicchrcter3 7t is si$pl! not possible to pro+i#e ll t once ln# n# shelter for ll 'ho nee# the$3

Through the !ers" the public use re%uire$ent in e$inent #o$in hs e+ol+e# into fle&ible concept"influence# b! chnging con#itions. 5ublic use no' inclu#es the bro#er notion of in#irect public benefit or#+ntge" inclu#ing in prticulr" urbn ln# refor$ n# housing3

Estate !/ Salu& 8i(e#e9 v. PE:A$ ,


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the i$position b! the plintiff upon the #efen#nts tht belo' si# trns$ission lines" no plnt higher thn ,$eters is llo'e#3;NPC v. 2utierre9$ SCRA


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cpcit!. 7t $ust be note# tht #istinguishing feture of t& is tht it is co$pulsor! rther thn $tterof brgin3 Mence" t& #oes not #epen# upon the consent of the t&p!er3 7f n! t&p!er cn #efer thep!$ent of t&es b! rising the #efense tht it still hs pen#ing cli$ for refun# or cre#it" this 'oul##+ersel! ffect the go+ern$ent re+enue s!ste$3 A t&p!er cnnot refuse to p! his t&es 'hen the! fll#ue si$pl! becuse he hs cli$ ginst the go+ern$ent or tht the collection of t& is contingent on theresult of the l'suit it file# ginst the go+ern$ent3- Ta0 E0e('ti!#s $ec. -[]' Art. /&' )0-1 Constitution

$2CT&34 -. ;>? Chritble institutions" churches n# prsonges or con+ents ppurtennt thereto"$os%ues" non-profit ce$eteries" n# ll ln#s" buil#ings" n# i$pro+e$ents" ctull!" #irectl!" n#e&clusi+el! use# for religious" chritble" or e#uctionl purposes shll be e&e$pt fro$ t&tion3

$ec. 5[]' Art. 6&/' )0-1 Constitution

$2CT&34 5.(# All re+enues n# ssets of non-stoc8" non-profit e#uctionl institutions use# ctull!"#irectl!" n# e&clusi+el! for e#uctionl purposes shll be e&e$pt fro$ t&es n# #uties3 Upon the #issolutionor cesstion of the corporte e&istence of such institutions" their ssets shll be #ispose# of in the $nnerpro+i#e# b! l'3 5roprietr! e#uctionl institutions" inclu#ing those cooperti+el! o'ne#" $! li8e'ise be entitle# tosuch e&e$ptions sub9ect to the li$ittions pro+i#e# b! l' inclu#ing restrictions on #i+i#en#s n# pro+isions

for rein+est$ent3

CIR v. CA$ (; SC.A ," ct3 1


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Civil a#& '!liti"al ri*ts

re clss of rightstht protect in#i+i#uls@free#o$fro$ infringe$ent b! go+ern$entsn#pri+te orgni?tions" n# ensure one@s bilit! to prticipte in the ci+il n# politicl life of

the stte'ithout #iscri$intionor repression3

Civil ri*tsinclu#e the ensuring of peoples@ ph!sicl n# $entl integrit!" lifen# sfet!Hprotection fro$ #iscri$intion on groun#s such s rce" gen#er" ntionl origin" colour"se&ulorienttion" ethnicit!" religion" or #isbilit!H4164(64,6 n#in#i+i#ul rightssuch spri+c!" thefree#o$s of thoughtn# conscience" speechn# e&pression" religion" thepress" sse$bl!n# $o+e$ent3

P!liti"al ri*ts inclu#e nturl 9usticeIproce#url firness in l'" such s the rights of theccuse#" inclu#ing theright to fir trilH #ue processH the right to see8 re#ress or leglre$e#!H n# rights of prticiptionin ci+il societ!n# politicssuch s free#o$ of ssocition"the right to sse$ble" theright to petition" the right of self-#efense" n# theright to +ote3

Ci+il n# politicl rights for$ the originl n# $in prt of interntionl hu$n rights34

funda powers, civil and political r, economc & social r

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