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Software Software Management Management Operating System Functions Hardware Hardware Management Management Memory Memory Management Management Data Data Management Management Operating System Microsoft ® Windows 2000 ®

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Page 1: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Software Software ManagementManagement

Operating System Functions

Hardware Hardware ManagementManagement

MemoryMemoryManagementManagement

DataDataManagementManagement

Operating System

Microsoft®

Windows2000

®

Page 2: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Features of Windows 2000

MultitaskingMultitaskingMemory SupportMemory Support

SMP ScalabilitySMP Scalability

Plug and PlayPlug and Play

ClusteringClustering

File SystemsFile Systems

NTFSNTFS

QoSQoS

Remote Installation Remote Installation ServicesServices

MultitaskingMemory Support

SMP Scalability

Plug and Play

Clustering

File SystemsQoS

Terminal ServicesTerminal ServicesTerminal Services

MultitaskingMultitaskingMemory SupportMemory Support

SMP ScalabilitySMP Scalability

Plug and PlayPlug and Play

ClusteringClustering

File SystemsFile Systems

NTFSNTFS

Terminal ServicesTerminal Services

QoSQoS

Operating System

Microsoft®

Windows2000

®

Page 3: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Servers

Workstation

Versions of Windows 2000

Windows 2000Professional

Windows 2000 Advanced Server

Windows 2000Server

Windows 2000 Datacenter Server

Page 4: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Networking Enables: Information Sharing

Hardware and Software Sharing

Centralized Administration

and Support

Networking Benefits

Page 5: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Roles of Computers in a Network

Mail ServerMail Server

Database ServerDatabase Server

DatabaseDatabase

Fax ServerFax Server

File and Print ServerFile and Print Server Directory Services Directory Services ServerServer

Client Computer

File and Print Server

Database Server

Mail Server

Fax Server

Mail ServerMail Server

Database ServerDatabase Server

DatabaseDatabase

Fax ServerFax Server

File and Print ServerFile and Print Server

Page 6: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Types of Networks

Peer-to-Peer

Client-Server

Page 7: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Authenticated

Logging On to Windows 2000

Log On to Windows

User1

* * * * * * * *

User Name:

Password:

OK Cancel Options>

Microsoft

Windows2000Advanced Server

Built on NT Technology

Microsoft

User Account

User Account

®

Log On to Windows

AdministratorUser Name:

Password:

OK Cancel Options<<

MicrosoftMicrosoft

Windows2000Advanced Server

Built on NT Technology

Shutdown...Shutdown...

Log on to: NWTRADERS

®

Accessing a Windows 2000 Network

Page 8: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Asynchronous Transfer Mode

CharacteristicsCharacteristicsCharacteristicsCharacteristics DescriptionDescriptionDescriptionDescription

Access MethodAccess MethodPoint-to-point. Transfers fixed-sized packets from one computer to another through ATM switching equipment

Point-to-point. Transfers fixed-sized packets from one computer to another through ATM switching equipment

Transfer SpeedTransfer Speed Fiber-optic at 155 Mbps to 622 Mbps Fiber-optic at 155 Mbps to 622 Mbps

ATM Switch

ATMSwitch

ATMSwitch

Cell

Cell

Page 9: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Fiber Distributed Data Interface

CharacteristicsCharacteristicsCharacteristicsCharacteristics DescriptionDescriptionDescriptionDescription

Access MethodAccess Method Token passingToken passing

Transfer SpeedTransfer Speed Fiber-optic at 155 Mbps to 622 MbpsFiber-optic at 155 Mbps to 622 Mbps

Primary Ring

Secondary Ring

Page 10: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Frame Relay

CharacteristicsCharacteristicsCharacteristicsCharacteristics

Access MethodAccess Method

Transfer SpeedTransfer Speed

DescriptionDescriptionDescriptionDescription

Point-to-pointPoint-to-point

Dependent upon transmittal capabilities of digital leased linesDependent upon transmittal capabilities of digital leased lines

Main Office

Branch Offices

Frame Relay Network

Frame

Frame

Frame

Page 11: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Expanding the Network

Repeaters and Hubs

Bridges

Switches

Routers

Gateways

Remote Access Connectivity Types

Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)

X.25

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)

Page 12: Fundamento de Redes.pps

RepeaterTransmits data to

all connected computers

HubTransmits data to all connected computers in a star topology

Repeaters and Hubs

Repeater

Hub

Page 13: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Bridges

Bridge

Page 14: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Switches

Switch

Page 15: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Routers

RouterRouter

RouterRouter

Page 16: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Gateways

Ethernet

Token Ring

Gateway

Page 17: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Remote Access Connectivity Types

Dial-up Remote Access

Remote Access Client

Remote Access Server

Virtual Private Network

Remote Access Client

Windows 2000 VPN Server

CorporateIntranet

InternetInternet

TunnelTunnel

Page 18: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)

AnalogModem

Analog Modem

Analog Voice Data Worldwide Availability Analog Modem 56 Kbps

Analog Voice Data Worldwide Availability Analog Modem 56 Kbps

PSTNPSTN

Telephone Wires

Client Server

Page 19: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)

ISDN Modem

ISDN Modem

International Communication Standard Digital Transmission Extends over Local Telephone Exchange ISDN Modem 64 Kbps or Faster

International Communication Standard Digital Transmission Extends over Local Telephone Exchange ISDN Modem 64 Kbps or Faster

ISDNISDN

Digital Telephone Lines or Telephone Wires

Client Server

Page 20: Fundamento de Redes.pps

X.25

Modem

Based on Packet Switching X.25 Packet Assembler/Disassembler

(PAD) Client Configuration Server Configuration

Based on Packet Switching X.25 Packet Assembler/Disassembler

(PAD) Client Configuration Server Configuration

X.25X.25

X.25 Smart Card

Client Server

PAD Service

Page 21: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)

LANAdapter

Copper Telephone Lines Simultaneous Voice and Data Transmission 1.5 to 9 Mbps Downstream Rate 16 to 640 Kbps Upstream Rate LAN Interface or Dial-up Interface

Copper Telephone Lines Simultaneous Voice and Data Transmission 1.5 to 9 Mbps Downstream Rate 16 to 640 Kbps Upstream Rate LAN Interface or Dial-up Interface

ADSLADSL

LANAdapter

ATMAdapter

ATMAdapter

Client Server

ADSL Wires

Page 22: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Types of Protocols

Open Protocols InternetInternet

TCP/IP

Vendor-Specific Protocols

IPX/SPX

Page 23: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model

Application LayerApplication LayerApplication LayerApplication Layer

Presentation LayerPresentation LayerPresentation LayerPresentation Layer

Session LayerSession LayerSession LayerSession Layer

Transport LayerTransport LayerTransport LayerTransport Layer

Network LayerNetwork LayerNetwork LayerNetwork Layer

Data Link LayerData Link LayerData Link LayerData Link Layer

Physical LayerPhysical LayerPhysical LayerPhysical Layer

Page 24: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Protocol Stacks

Application ProtocolsApplication Protocols

Transport ProtocolsTransport Protocols

Network ProtocolsNetwork Protocols

Application LayerApplication LayerApplication LayerApplication Layer

Presentation LayerPresentation LayerPresentation LayerPresentation Layer

Session LayerSession LayerSession LayerSession Layer

Transport LayerTransport LayerTransport LayerTransport Layer

Network LayerNetwork LayerNetwork LayerNetwork Layer

Data Link LayerData Link LayerData Link LayerData Link Layer

Physical LayerPhysical LayerPhysical LayerPhysical Layer

Application LayerApplication LayerApplication LayerApplication Layer

Presentation LayerPresentation LayerPresentation LayerPresentation Layer

Session LayerSession LayerSession LayerSession Layer

Transport LayerTransport LayerTransport LayerTransport Layer

Network LayerNetwork LayerNetwork LayerNetwork Layer

Data Link LayerData Link LayerData Link LayerData Link Layer

Physical LayerPhysical LayerPhysical LayerPhysical Layer

Application ProtocolsApplication Protocols

Transport ProtocolsTransport Protocols

Network ProtocolsNetwork Protocols

Page 25: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Routable Protocols

TCP/IP

TCP/IP

RouterRouter

Non-Routable Protocols

NetBEUI

NetBEUI

RouterRouter

Routable/Non-Routable Protocols

Page 26: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Types of Data Transmissions

BroadcastUnicast

Multicast

Page 27: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Common Protocols

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange (IPX/SPX)

NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface (NetBEUI)

AppleTalk

Page 28: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

Routed Network Environment

Segment 1 Segment 2

TCP/IP TCP/IP

Windows Client Windows Client

RouterRouter

Page 29: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange (IPX/SPX)

Routed Network Environment

Segment 1 Segment 2

IPX/SPX IPX/SPX

NetWare ClientWindows 2000

Server

RouterRouter

Page 30: Fundamento de Redes.pps

NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface (NetBEUI)

Routed Network Environment

Segment 1 Segment 2

NetBEUI

Windows Client Windows Client

RouterRouter

NetBEUI

Routed Network Environment

Segment 1 Segment 2

Windows Client Windows Client

NetBEUI

RouterRouter

NetBEUI

Page 31: Fundamento de Redes.pps

AppleTalk

Routed Network Environment

Segment 1 Segment 2

AppleTalk AppleTalk

Macintosh Client

Windows 2000Server

RouterRouter

Page 32: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Other Communication Protocols

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)

Infrared Data Association (IrDA)

Page 33: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)

Transmission of Video, Audio, or Data by Using ATM

ATM Switch ATM Switch

Page 34: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Infrared Data Association (IrDA)

Wireless Communication by Using IrDA

Windows Client

Mouse

Laptop

Page 35: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Remote Access Protocols

Dial-up Protocols

VPN Protocols

Page 36: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Dial-up Protocols

Remote Access Server Windows 2000 Server

Remote Access ClientWindows 2000 Professional

TCP/IPPPP

TCP/IPPPP

NetBEUITCP/IP

or IPX/SPXPPP

NetBEUITCP/IP

or IPX/SPXPPP

TCP/IPSLIP

TCP/IPSLIP

UNIX SLIPServer

Local Area NetworkRemote Access Server

Windows 2000 Server

Internet

Page 37: Fundamento de Redes.pps

VPN Protocols

Internetwork must be IP-based Header compression No tunnel authentication Uses MPPE encryption

PPTPPPTPPPTPPPTP Internetwork can be IP, frame

relay, X.25, or ATM-based Header compression Tunnel authentication Uses IPSec encryption

L2TPL2TPL2TPL2TP

Ensures data security in IP-based communications

Used by L2TP

IPSecIPSecIPSecIPSecRemote Access Client

RemoteAccess Server

TCP/IP, IPX/SPX, NetBEUI traffic

PPTP or L2TP

Page 38: Fundamento de Redes.pps

The Communication Process

NameAddress

Post OfficePost Office Post OfficePost Office

NameAddressNameAddress

Post OfficePost Office Post OfficePost Office

NameAddress

Page 39: Fundamento de Redes.pps

TCP/IP Layers

Application LayerApplication Layer

Transport LayerTransport LayerTransport LayerTransport Layer

Internet LayerInternet LayerInternet LayerInternet Layer

Network Interface LayerNetwork Interface LayerNetwork Interface LayerNetwork Interface Layer

Internet LayerIPIP ICMPICMP IGMPIGMP ARPARP

Network Interface Layer

EthernetEthernetATMATM

Transport LayerUDPUDPTCPTCP

Application Layer

FTPFTPHTTPHTTP

Page 40: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Identifying Applications

UDPUDPTCPTCP

FTPFTPHTTPHTTP

192.168.2.150192.168.2.150

FTP Server

HTTP Server

TCP Port 20, 21TCP Port 20, 21

TCP Port 80TCP Port 80

IP Address + TCP Port or UDP Port= Socket

Page 41: Fundamento de Redes.pps

TCP/IP Protocol Suite

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

Internet Protocol (IP)

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

TCP/IP Utilities

Page 42: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

IP ICMP IGMP ARP

UDPTCPTCP

Page 43: Fundamento de Redes.pps

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

UDPUDPTCP

IP ICMP IGMP ARP

Page 44: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Internet Protocol (IP)

RouterRouterUDPTCP

IPIP ICMP IGMP ARP

Page 45: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

UDPTCP

IP ICMPICMP IGMP ARP

RouterRouter

Page 46: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)

UDPTCP

IP ICMP IGMPIGMP ARP

Page 47: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

UDPTCP

IP ICMP IGMP ARPARP

BB

CC

AA

ARPCache

2

1

4

6

5

1. ARP cache is checked2. ARP request is sent3. ARP entry is added4. ARP reply is sent5. ARP entry is added6. IP packet is sent

ARPCache

3

Page 48: Fundamento de Redes.pps

TCP/IP Utilities

Server-basedSoftware

Diagnostic Utilities

Connectivity Utilities

FtpFtp

TelnetTelnet

TftpTftp

ArpArp

HostnameHostname

IpconfigIpconfig

NbtstatNbtstat

NetstatNetstat

PingPing

TracertTracert

TCP/IP Printing Service

TCP/IP Printing Service

Internet InformationServices

Internet InformationServices

Page 49: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Name Resolution

Types of Names

Static IP Mapping

Dynamic IP Mapping

Name Resolution in Windows 2000

Page 50: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Types of Names

Host NamesHost Names

Assigned to a computer’s IP address255 characters in lengthCan contain alphabetic and numeric

characters, hyphens, and periods Can take various forms

Alias Domain name

Assigned to a computer’s IP address255 characters in lengthCan contain alphabetic and numeric

characters, hyphens, and periods Can take various forms

Alias Domain name

16-byte address Used to represent a single computer or

group of computers15 of the characters may be used for the

name 16th character is used by the services that

a computer offers to the network

16-byte address Used to represent a single computer or

group of computers15 of the characters may be used for the

name 16th character is used by the services that

a computer offers to the network NetBIOS NamesNetBIOS Names

Page 51: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Static IP Mapping

Provides name resolution for host names to IP addresses

Multiple host names can be assigned to the same IP address

Entries are case sensitive

Provides name resolution for host names to IP addresses

Multiple host names can be assigned to the same IP address

Entries are case sensitive

Provides name resolution for NetBIOS names to IP addresses

A part of the Lmhosts file is pre-loaded into memory

Provides name resolution for NetBIOS names to IP addresses

A part of the Lmhosts file is pre-loaded into memory

Hosts FileHosts File

Lmhosts FileLmhosts File

Page 52: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Dynamic IP Mapping

DNS is a system for naming computers and network services

DNS naming system is organized in a hierarchical fashion

Maps domain names to IP address Mapping records are stored on a DNS

server

DNS is a system for naming computers and network services

DNS naming system is organized in a hierarchical fashion

Maps domain names to IP address Mapping records are stored on a DNS

server

Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names

WINS maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses

Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names

WINS maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses

DNS ServerDNS Server

WINS ServerWINS Server

Page 53: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Name Resolution in Windows 2000

Enter CommandEnter Command1111

Local Host NameLocal Host Name2222

DNS ServerDNS Server4444

WINS ServerWINS Server6666

LMHOSTSFile

LMHOSTSFile8888

NetBIOS Name CacheNetBIOS Name Cache5555

HOSTSFile

HOSTSFile

3333

7777 BroadcastBroadcast

Host Name Resolution

NetBIOS Name CacheNetBIOS Name Cache2222

WINS ServerWINS Server3333

BroadcastBroadcast4444

DNS ServerDNS Server7777

HOSTSFile

HOSTSFile

6666

LMHOSTSFile

LMHOSTSFile

5555

Enter CommandEnter Command1111

NetBIOS Name ResolutionEnter CommandEnter Command1111

Local Host NameLocal Host Name2222

DNS ServerDNS Server4444

WINS ServerWINS Server6666

LMHOSTSFile

LMHOSTSFile8888

NetBIOS Name CacheNetBIOS Name Cache5555

HOSTSFile

HOSTSFile

3333

7777 BroadcastBroadcast

NetBIOS Name CacheNetBIOS Name Cache2222

WINS ServerWINS Server3333

BroadcastBroadcast4444

DNS ServerDNS Server7777

HOSTSFile

HOSTSFile

6666

LMHOSTSFile

LMHOSTSFile

5555

Enter CommandEnter Command1111

Host Name Resolution

NetBIOS Name Resolution

Page 54: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Examining the Data Transfer Process

Packet Terminology

Frame Components

Data Flow

Page 55: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Packet Terminology

Segment

Message

Datagram

Frame

Page 56: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Frame Components

HeaderA

lert

Sig

nal

Ale

rt S

igna

l SourceAddressSource

Address

DestinationAddress

DestinationAddress

Data

0.5 KB - 4 KB0.5 KB - 4 KB

Trailer

CRCCRC

Page 57: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Data Flow

UDPUDPTCPTCP

FTPFTPHTTPHTTP

IPIP ICMPICMP IGMPIGMP ARPARP

EthernetEthernetATMATM

UDPUDPTCPTCP

FTPFTPHTTPHTTP

IPIP ICMPICMP IGMPIGMP ARPARP

EthernetEthernetATMATM

Data

ApplicationApplication

DataFTPFTPHTTPHTTP

TransportTransport

Data

UDPUDPTCPTCP

FTPFTPHTTPHTTP

InternetInternet

Data

UDPUDPTCPTCP

IPIP ICMPICMP IGMPIGMP ARPARP

PreamblePreamble

Data

CRCCRC

IPIP ICMPICMP IGMPIGMP ARPARP

EthernetEthernetATMATM

Data

EthernetEthernetATMATM

Data

EthernetEthernetATMATM

Data

IPIP ICMPICMP IGMPIGMP ARPARP

EthernetEthernetATMATM

Data

UDPUDPTCPTCP

IPIP ICMPICMP IGMPIGMP ARPARP

Data

UDPUDPTCPTCP

FTPFTPHTTPHTTP

PreamblePreamble

Internet

Transport

Application

Data

CRCCRC

FTPFTPHTTPHTTP

Page 58: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Routing Data

IP Routing

Data Transfer Across Routers

Page 59: Fundamento de Redes.pps

IP RoutingIP Routing

RouterRouter

Portion of Routing Table192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.3.1192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.5.1192.168.6.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.6.1192.168.7.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.7.1192.168.8.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.8.1

Page 60: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Is destination local?Yes, add the destination MAC addressNo, add the Router’s MAC address

Always add the destination’s IP address

Is destination local?Yes, add the destination MAC addressNo, add the Router’s MAC address

Always add the destination’s IP address

Data Transfer Across Routers

Verify packetDecrease TTLIs destination local?

Yes, add the destination MAC addressNo, add another Router’s MAC address

Verify packetDecrease TTLIs destination local?

Yes, add the destination MAC addressNo, add another Router’s MAC address

Verify packetVerify IP addressSend the packet up to the next layer

Verify packetVerify IP addressSend the packet up to the next layer

Is destination local?Yes, add the destination MAC addressNo, add the router’s MAC address

Always add the destination’s IP address

Is destination local?Yes, add the destination MAC addressNo, add the router’s MAC address

Always add the destination’s IP address

Verify packet

Verify IP address

Send the packet up to the next layer

Verify packet

Verify IP address

Send the packet up to the next layer

Verify packetDecrease TTLIs destination local?

Yes, add the destination MAC addressNo, add another router’s MAC address

Router 2Router 2

Router 1Router 1

AA

BB

CC

DD

Page 61: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Lab B: Identifying Processes and Protocols in TCP/IP (Simulation)

Page 62: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Review

Introduction to TCP/IP

TCP/IP Protocol Suite

Name Resolution

Examining the Data Transfer Process

Routing Data

Page 63: Fundamento de Redes.pps

IP Addresses

192.168.1.0192.168.1.0 192.168.3.0192.168.3.0

192.168.1.100192.168.1.100 192.168.2.101192.168.2.101

192.168.2.100192.168.2.100 192.168.3.100192.168.3.100

192.168.2.0192.168.2.0

192.168.1.100192.168.1.100192.168.1.100192.168.1.100IPAddress

Host IDHost ID

Network IDNetwork ID

Page 64: Fundamento de Redes.pps

IP Address Classes

ww xx yy zz

Class A Network IDNetwork IDNetwork IDNetwork ID Host IDHost ID

Class B Network IDNetwork IDNetwork IDNetwork ID Host IDHost ID

Class C Network IDNetwork IDNetwork IDNetwork ID Host IDHost ID

Page 65: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Subnets

RouterRouter

Subnet 1 Subnet 2

1111 2222

HubHub HubHub

Page 66: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Subnet Masks

IPAddress

Host IDNetwork ID

192.168.192.168.192.168.192.168. 2.200

SubnetMask 255.255.255.255.255.255.255.255. 0.00.0

192.168.

IPAddress 10.10.10.10. 50.100.20050.100.200

SubnetMask 255.255.255.255. 0.0.00.0.0

NetworkID 10.10.10.10. 0.0.00.0.0

IPAddress 10.50.10.50.10.50.10.50. 100.200100.200

SubnetMask 255.255.255.255.255.255.255.255. 0.00.0

NetworkID 10.50.10.50.10.50.10.50. 0.00.0

IPAddress 10.50.100.10.50.100.10.50.100.10.50.100. 200200

SubnetMask 255.255.255.255.255.255.255.255.255.255.255.255. 00

NetworkID 10.50.100.10.50.100.10.50.100.10.50.100. 00

Page 67: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Determining Local and Remote Hosts

Example 1

1111

192.168.1.100192.168.1.100

Local Hosts

192.168.2.100192.168.2.100

2222

RouterRouter

255.255.0.0255.255.0.0255.255.0.0255.255.0.0Subnet Mask

AA

BB

CC

DD

EE

FF

Example 2

1111

192.168.1.100192.168.1.100

2222

Remote Hosts

192.168.2.100192.168.2.100

RouterRouter

255.255.255.0255.255.255.0255.255.255.0255.255.255.0Subnet Mask

AA

BB

CC

DD

EE

FF

Page 68: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Addressing Guidelines

The Host ID Cannot Be All Zeros The Host ID Cannot Be All Zeros

The Host ID Cannot Be All 255s The Host ID Cannot Be All 255s

The First Number in the Network ID Cannot Be 127 The First Number in the Network ID Cannot Be 127

The Host ID Must Be Unique to the Local Network ID The Host ID Must Be Unique to the Local Network ID

Page 69: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Assigning Network IDs

1111 2222

3333

RouterRouter

10.0.0.010.0.0.0 192.168.2.0192.168.2.0 172.16.0.0172.16.0.0

Page 70: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Assigning Host IDs

1111 2222

RouterRouter

172.16. 0.12172.16. 0.12

172.16. 0.11172.16. 0.11

172.16. 0.10172.16. 0.10

10.0.0.1210.0.0.12

10.0.0.1110.0.0.11

10.0.0.1010.0.0.10

192.168.2.11192.168.2.11

192.168.2.10192.168.2.10

192.168.2.1192.168.2.1

10.0.0.110.0.0.1 172.16. 0.1172.16. 0.1

3333

10.0.0.010.0.0.0 192.168.2.0192.168.2.0 172.16.0.0172.16.0.0

Page 71: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Assigning TCP/IP Addresses

Static IP Addressing

Automatic IP Addressing

Viewing TCP/IP Configuration

Viewing TCP/IP Configuration Using Ipconfig

Page 72: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Static IP AddressingInternet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties

General

You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability. Otherwise, you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings.

Obtain an IP address automatically

Use the following IP address:

IP address:

Use the following DNS server addresses:

Preferred DNS server:

Obtain DNS server address automatically

Advanced...

Alternate DNS server:

192 . 168 . 1 . 200

192. 168 . 1 . 1

255 . 255 . 255. 0Subnet mask :

Default gateway:

OK Cancel

Page 73: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Automatic IP AddressingInternet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties

General

You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability. Otherwise, you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings.

Obtain an IP address automatically

Use the following IP address:

IP address:

Use the following DNS server addresses:

Preferred DNS server:

Obtain DNS server address automatically

Advanced...

Alternate DNS server:

Subnet mask :

Default gateway:

OK Cancel

Page 74: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Viewing TCP/IP ConfigurationInternet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties

General

You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability. Otherwise, you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings.

Obtain an IP address automatically

Use the following IP address:

IP address:

Use the following DNS server addresses:

Preferred DNS server:

Obtain DNS server address automatically

Advanced...

Alternate DNS server:

192 . 168 . 1 . 200

192. 168 . 1 . 1

255 . 255 . 255. 0Subnet mask :

Default gateway:

OK Cancel

Page 75: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Viewing TCP/IP Configuration Using Ipconfig

Command Prompt

Microsoft Windows 2000 [version 5.00.2195](C) Copyright 1985-1999 Microsoft Corp.

C:\>ipconfig

Windows 2000 IP Configuration

Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection:

Connection-specific DNS Suffix . :IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.200Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1

C:\>_

Page 76: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Review

Classful IP Addressing

Subnetting a Network

Planning IP Addressing

Assigning TCP/IP Addresses

Page 77: Fundamento de Redes.pps

S E R V I C I O S

D E

W E B

Page 78: Fundamento de Redes.pps

The Internet

Client

Connection UsingTCP/IP Protocol

Internet

Server

Text, Audio, Video, and Graphics Data

Page 79: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Internet Services

Internet

Electronic Mail (e-mail)

World Wide Web (WWW)

Chat

Internet News

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Telnet

Page 80: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Intranets

Intranet

Extranet

Internet

Page 81: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Domain Naming

Domain Name (example.microsoft.com)

Top-level domain (com)

Second-level domain (microsoft.com)

Subdomain (example.microsoft.com)

comcom

example.microsoft.comexample.microsoft.com

microsoft.commicrosoft.com

Page 82: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Using Client Technologies

Newsreaders

Web Browsers

Internet Protocols

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

Page 83: Fundamento de Redes.pps

Newsreadersmsnews.microsoft.com - Outlook Express

File Edit Tools Message Help

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microsoft.public.ddk.win2000.general (18)microsoft.public.ddk.win2000.networkmicrosoft.public.ddk.win2000.setup (3)microsoft.public.win2000.accessibilitymicrosoft.public.win2000.advancedservmicrosoft.public.win2000.announcemenmicrosoft.public.win2000.app_deploymicrosoft.public.win2000.applicationsmicrosoft.public.win2000.clusterservicemicrosoft.public.win2000.networkingmicrosoft.public.win2000.outlook.expiresmicrosoft.public.win2000.printingmicrosoft.public.win2000.radiusmicrosoft.public.win2000.ras_routingmicrosoft.public.win2000.securitymicrosoft.public.win2000.setupmicrosoft.public.win2000.setup.deploymmicrosoft.public.win2000.setup.upgrademicrosoft.public.win2000.storagemicrosoft.public.win2000.system_adminmicrosoft.public.win2000.terminal_srvmicrosoft.public.win2000.terminal_srv_hmicrosoft.public.win2000.user_interface

microsoft.public.ddk.win2000.generalmicrosoft.public.ddk.win2000.networkmicrosoft.public.ddk.win2000.setup microsoft.public.win2000.accessibilitymicrosoft.public.win2000.advancedservermicrosoft.public.win2000.announcementsmicrosoft.public.win2000.applications microsoft.public.win2000.app_deploymicrosoft.public.win2000.clusterservicemicrosoft.public.win2000.networkingmicrosoft.public.win2000.outlook.expressmicrosoft.public.win2000.printingmicrosoft.public.win2000.radiusmicrosoft.public.win2000.ras_routingmicrosoft.public.win2000.securitymicrosoft.public.win2000.setupmicrosoft.public.win2000.setup.deploymentmicrosoft.public.win2000.setup.upgrademicrosoft.public.win2000.storagemicrosoft.public.win2000.system_admin

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Web BrowsersWindows 2000 Server Overview - Microsoft Internet Explorer

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Address http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/server/overview/default.asp Go

All products Support Search microsoft.com Guide

Windows Home PagesWindows 2000 Home Page

Product GuideWindows 2000 PlatformClientServer

Technical LibraryUpgrading to Window 2000

Beta UsersIT ProsDevelopers

Search for: Go

Home Product Guide

Windows 2000 Server Family

Server

Server Features

System Requirements

What Others are Saying

Comparisons

With the Windows® 2000 Server operating system, Microsoft has accomplished a goal rarely achieved in the software industry: delivered a product that is evolutionary and revolutionary at the same time. Evolutionary in that Windows 2000 builds on the great things about the Windows NT® Server 4.0 operating system. Revolutionary in that Windows 2000 Server sets a new standard for how well am operating system can be integrated with Web, application, networking, communication, and infrastructure

services. For the first time, you have an easy choice to make about the next server operating system you deploy - whatever your needs. Continued

Browse the features that make the Windows 2000 Server Family the leading solution for running more reliable and manageable file, print, intranet, communications, e-commerce, and infrastructure server.

Find out what it takes to run Windows 2000 Server and Windows 2000 Advanced Server.

Check out the buzz on Windows 2000 Server: reviews and commentary from technology journalists and industry analysts.

See how Windows 2000 Server compares with other operating systems.

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Internet Protocols

Internet

HTTP

HTTPS

FTP

SMTP

NNTP

HTML

DHTML

Server

Data

Client

Connection Using anInternet Protocol

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Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

URL (http://example.microsoft.com/tutorial/default.html)

Protocol used (http://)

DNS address (example.microsoft.com)

Path on the server (/tutorial/default.html)

http://example.microsoft.com/tutorial/default.htmlhttp://example.microsoft.com/tutorial/default.html

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Proxy Servers

Internet

Proxy Server

AuthorizedWeb Site

Restricted Web Site

LAN

LAN

LAN

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Firewalls

LAN

LAN

LAN

Internet

Firewall

AuthorizedUser

Unauthorized User

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Microsoft Proxy Server

LAN

LAN

LAN

Internet

Microsoft Proxy Server

AuthorizedUser or Web Site

Unauthorized User or Web Site

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Defining a Web Server

Web ServerClient with Web Browser

Network

TCP/IPTCP/IP TCP/IPTCP/IP

HTTPHTTP

IP AddressIP Address

Internet ExplorerInternet Explorer

HTTPHTTP

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Features of IIS

Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS)

Indexing Service

Secure Sockets Layer

Windows Media Services

Additional Developer Support

Active Server Pages

VBScript and JavaScript support

Remote administration

Internet

IIS